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R E Remington

Publications and source records attributed to R E Remington.

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Classical conditioning of profoundly retarded, multiply handicapped children.

A classical conditioning procedure was used with five profoundly retarded children with multiple handicaps in order to investigate basic learning processes in such children. Their chronological ages ranged from 48 to 108 months and their mental ages from 0 to 5.5 months. The procedure used a sound as the conditioned stimulus, a puff of air to the cornea as the unconditioned stimulus, and eye-blink as the conditioned response. Conditioning was established for the two most developmentally advanced children, and the intermediate pair showed different patterns of orienting response to the conditioned stimulus but no evidence of conditioning. The fifth and most developmentally delayed child did not respond to the stimuli. The extent to which these results can be generalised to the conditioning of profoundly retarded, multiply handicapped children is discussed.

Child

Auditory reinforcement in profoundly retarded multiply handicapped children.

Profoundly retarded multiply handicapped children were placed in a situation where auditory stimulation was made contingent on a visually directed level-pulling response. Two experiments were performed. In the first, a technique for establishing an effective reinforcer from a range of possible reinforcing stimuli was evaluated. In the second experiment, a multiple schedule was used to compare the effectiveness of a reinforcer whose efficacy was established in Experiment 1 with a second auditory stimulus. The selection of auditory reinforcers and an evaluation of their relative potency was achieved using these techniques. The results show the feasibility of systematic measurement of operant-conditioning effects with very severely handicapped subjects in a laboratory situation. The information gained concerning the effectiveness of auditory reinforcers has implications for behavior-modification programs with these children.

Acoustic Stimulation

Elation.

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Animals