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Biomedical subjects

R E Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to R E Wilson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Influence of supernatants from polymorphonuclear leucocytes on blastogenesis of syngeneic and allogeneic murine splenocytes.

Supernatant was produced from activated peritoneal polymorphonuclear leucocyte-rich cell populations from different strains of mice. These supernatants were studied for their ability to modify spontaneous and mitogen-induced blastogenesis of syngeneic and allogeneic splenocytes. Our results indicate that polymorphonuclear leucocyte-rich cell cultures from two strains of mice, A/J and BALB/c, produced a supernatant that could enhance PHA-induced blastogenesis of syngeneic and allogeneic splenocytes. Cells from a third strain C57B1/6, did not produce an active supernatant. In general, the response by splenocytes from these three strains paralleled the production of active supernatant that we observed. The response to the active supernatant was dependent upon the mitogen stimulation of the splenocytes, the mitogen dilution and the supernatant activity. These functions are believed to be genetically determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

In pursuit of the unknown primary.

The case histories of sixty-seven patients were reviewed to evaluate the contribution made by various x-ray and laboratory studies to the diagnosis and treatment of systemic metastases from unknown primary tumors. When used as screening procedures, radiographic contrast studies were rarely helpful unless the test was indicated by appropriate symptoms. The large number (8 of 27) of misleading ultrasonic scans rendered that study a major source of confusion. Inadequate tissue samples were another cause of confusion and delay. Even with adequate tissue samples, a definitive pathologic diagnosis could be assigned to only forty-five of the sixty-five patients who underwent biopsy. After extensive diagnostic evaluations, only thirty-one of the sixty-seven patients received chemotherapy for specific diagnoses. Objective remissions were seen in four of thirty-one recipients of specific chemotherapy and one of five patients treated without a primary diagnosis. The same patients would have received the same therapy had the diagnostic workup been limited to x-ray studies of symptomatic systems, adequate tissue sampling, and appropriate pathologic examinations followed by treatment of the "most treatable" disease.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1978

Rehabilitation profile of kidney transplant patients.

The rehabilitation of 132 patients with functioning grafts six months to ten years post transplantation was examined by review of self-report questionnaires. The patients were divided into three groups according to when they underwent transplantation. Results showed 62 per cent of patients in group A (transplant received between July 1, 1973 and December 31, 1973), 69 per cent in group B (transplant received between January 1, 1971 and June 30, 1973), and 90 per cent in group C (transplant received between January 1, 1964 and December 31, 1970) were productively active in July 1974. Nearly all attained productively active rehabilitation scores by twelve months, but one-third reported they were functioning at a lower level than before their illness, and a significant number of patients with physically strenuous jobs before illness acquired sedentary jobs post transplantation.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1978

Splenectomy in myeloid metaplasia.

A retrospective review of 19 patients with documented myeloid metaplasia undergoing, elective splenectomy during the past ten years at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital is presented. The primary indications for splenectomy in 17 of these 19 were either hypersplenism or symptomatic splenomegaly. Eighteen of the 19 underwent both 59Fe-ferrokinetic studies and 51Cr-sequestration studies or, alternatively, 111In-marrow scintigraphy as a part of their routine preoperative evaluation. The death from sepsis of one patient six weeks post-operatively, whose marrow function was poor and whose level of splenic sequestration was minimal, confirms the efficacy of these studies in the preoperative prediction of hematologic response to splenectomy. Eighteen of the 19 patients benefited from the operation in terms of symptomatic relief and/or hematologic improvement, although surgery presumably did nothing to prolong survival in these patients. We conclude that splenectomy is indicated as a palliative maneuver for carefully selected patients with myeloid metaplasia without prohibitive operative risk, provided the criteria for selection of patients are adhered to and the surgeon and hematologist work together as a team.

Boston↗
PubMed1978

Circulating immune complexes in patients following clinically curative resection of colorectal cancer.

Sixty-nine patients have been followed prospectively after curative resection of Dukes-Kirklin B-2 or C colorectal cancer. Serial plasma samples were studied in selected patients to determine changes in circulating immune complex concentrations (CIC) following primary tumor resection, and to compare serial plasma CIC and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. CIC was determined in an average of seven serial samples per patient by inhibition of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CEA assays were performed by the Hanson Z-gel method. Two distinct patterns of serial CIC have emerged. In seven patients with no known tumor recurrences, serial CEA levels and CIC oscillated regularly and were inversely related. In seven of eight patients whose tumors recurred, both CEA and CIC rose together. In three patients with elevated plasma CEA levels due to inflammatory bowel disease, serial Ag-Ab complex concentrations did not vary, nor did separated Ag or Ab fractions inhibit ADCC. These data suggest that, in patients following curative resection of colorectal cancer, serial changes in circulating immune complexes may discriminate between transient CEA elevations which occur despite no known tumor recurrence and tumor recurrence which is beyond the capacity of adequate host antitumor defense.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Preoperative and follow-up bone scans in patients with primary carcinoma of the breast.

We have attempted to evaluate the role of preoperative and postoperative bone scans in patients with localized carcinoma of the breast. The yield of positive preoperative scans in patients with Stages I and II disease is low and confounded by a relatively high percentage of false-positive results. Conversely, 16 per cent of patients with Stage III disease had evidence of bony metastasis at the time of operation. Positive bone scans were found three times as frequently in patients with axillary node involvement than in those without. Thirty per cent of those observed for varying times up to 41 months had evidence of bony metastases. Again, there was a correlation with initial clinical staging with 3.6 to 8.0 times more conversions in patients with Stage II or III disease than in those with Stage I disease. It appears that the majority of metastases to the bone become apparent within the first years. This observation deserves further study to elaborate the natural history of metastatic carcinoma of the breast.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

An aggressive multimodality approach to locally advanced carcinoma of the breast.

In a series of patients who were not candidates for mastectomy because of locally advanced disease or distant metastases, or both, excellent local control was obtained by radiation therapy and systemic therapy in the form of oophorectomy-adrenalectomy and chemotherapy. Local control was obtained in 12 of 15 patients with metastatic disease by systemic therapy without radiation. The median disease-free survival time for patients with advanced Stage III carcinoma of the breast was significantly prolonged from 9.5 to 15 months by oophorectomy-adrenalectomy with chemotherapy, although there was no definable difference in the over-all survival period for the two groups.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition of lymphoma cell proliferation by supernatant from fibrosarcoma cultures: preliminary evidence that the inhibitory material is prostaglandin E.

Supernatants obtained from mouse fibrosarcoma cultures 48 hr after the addition of fresh medium contained dialyzable material which inhibited the proliferation of syngeneic lymphoma cells in vitro, as measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation. Three lines of evidence indicate that the supernatant inhibitory material is probably prostaglandin (PG) E. First, the supernatant and dialysis of the supernatant contained a substance with the same characteristics as PGE1 or PGE2 as detected by thin layer chromatography. Second, PGE2-treatment of lymphoma cells mimicked the inhibition of proliferation observed with supernatant inhibitory substance. Third, indomethacin, treatment of fibrosarcoma cultures reduced the amount of supernatant inhibitory substance present.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Familial male breast cancer.

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast occurred in a total of six men from two families. In one family specimens from three men who had prophylactic mastectomies revealed focal intraductal hyperplasia, suggesting a familial tendency toward proliferation of mammary-duct epithelium. In the other family, benign and malignant breast lesions also developed in several women. Preliminary data suggest elevated urinary oestrogen excretion in three men from these families, implicating a defect in oestrogen production or metabolism in the pathogenesis of male breast neoplasms.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Using celioscopy to determine stages of intra-abdominal malignant neoplasms.

From January 1973 through June 1974, 23 patients underwent celloscopy to assess the extent of intra-abdominal malignancy. Of the 23 patients in the study, eight were spared a needless exploratory procedure. Three patients had potentially curative surgery after intrahepatic neoplasm suggested by liver scintiscan was excluded by celloscopy. The therapies of eight patients were greatly altered after the extent of hepatic or peritoneal disease was de-ermined. Four patients had no change in treatment as a result of celloscopy. Three additional patients underwent celloscopy to determine the cause of an intra-abdominal mass. No complications occurred in these patients. We conclude that celloscopy prior to a major operative procedure may assist in determining the stage of intra-abdominal malignant disease and may lead to notable changes in patient management.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗