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Biomedical subjects

R E Zimmermann

Publications and source records attributed to R E Zimmermann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The inhibition of thrombin and chymotrypsin by heparin-cofactor II.

Heparin cofactor II (HC II) is known as a bifunctional inhibitor inactivating trypsin- and chymotrypsin type proteases. Its inhibitory activity increases in the presence of heparin, dermatan sulfate and chondroitin E. In the present study the inhibitory activity of HC II was investigated as function of various dermatan sulfate fractions and its stability was tested against oxidation reagents similar to thus secreted by activated leucocytes. High affinity dermatan sulfate (DS) increased the antithrombin inhibition activity of HC II about 1000-fold in contrast to about 100-fold in the case of low affinity DS. Oxidation of HC II carbohydrate side chains with sodium periodate showed less inactivation effects than oxidation by chloramine T or ammonium peroxodisulfate.

Chloramines↗
PubMed1990

[High-frequency ventilation: side effects and dangers].

Dangers of high-frequency ventilation result from the lack of a sensitive monitoring technique. Mucosal lesions of the trachea and the bronchi as well as cooling of the patient can be prevented by adequate humidification and heating of the gas flow. It is still controversial whether HFV leads to increased mucus production or secretolysis, and whether it prevents or promotes aspiration. The influence of mobilisation or immobilisation of a pulmonary focus on its recovery is not well understood. Interferences of HFV with the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system, like an increased release of PGI2, an antidiuretic and narcotic effect, with the coagulation system and the acid-base balance are inconsistent and therefore need particular clinical observation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Changes in the coagulation system during pseudoallergic anaphylactoid reactions to drugs and food additives.

In 10 patients with known anaphylactoid reactions to drugs and food additives, oral provocation tests were performed with increasing doses of the implicated agents. Clinical reactions, vital signs, bleeding time, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and platelet aggregation were measured before and 15 min after each oral dose. Six patients reacted clinically. In all 10 patients, platelet aggregation decreased with increasing challenging doses. All other parameters remained stable or changed without any correlation to the drug, the type or the severity of the reaction. Measurement of the bleeding time is, therefore, of no diagnostic value in anaphylactoid reactions, and major alterations in the coagulation system do not explain their pathogenesis.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1981

[Tissue gluten with special considerations of fibrin glue (author's transl)].

Tissue glues can be divided into two groups: synthetic and biogenic. The use of the first is limited by poor tissue tolerance. Biogenic glue consists of fibrinogen, factor XIII, and thrombin, which form a fibrin clot in the presence of calcium. In our experiments we were able to prove an advantageous effect on hemostasis and healing. A new dried gluten developed on the basis of collagen represents a new type of biogenic gluten.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Evidence for the non-peptide nature of neutrophil-derived eosinophil chemotactic factor.

Neutrophil-derived low molecular weight eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECFPMN) was examined by a number of methods to prove its peptide nature. Sephadex G-10 eluates of ECFPMN were analyzed by paper chromatography and thin-layer chromatography, and peptides were separated on a peptide analyzer. Peptides isolated by these three different methods have no neutrophil or eosinophil chemotactic activity over a wide range of concentrations. Enzyme digestion studies supported these findings. Other physical and biological properties of ECFPMN suggest that this material is most likely lipid in nature.

Chemotactic Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Control of low-dose heparin therapy using photometry to detect biologically active heparin].

The low-dose heparin prophylaxis depends upon a low-level activation of antithrombin III to prevent thrombin generation. For the routine regiment, the application of 5000 units twice daily seems sufficient to reduce fatal lung embolism. By comparing three commercially available heparins (Thrombophob, Thrombo-Vetren, Heparin-Dihydergot) the effectiveness of the so-called low-dose heparin application was controlled with a chromogenic substrate assay (Coatest, Kabivitrum). Only twice-daily Heparin-Dihydergot resulted in an average heparin level of 0.12 +/- 0.78 m/ml plasma, which was sufficient to provide an effective thrombosis prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Theoretical and clinical aspects of fibrin stabilization in the post-operative phase].

The level of factor XIII circulating in the blood plasma was determined with a commercially available screening method of the Behringwerke, Marburg, Germany. In a randomized study, the blood of 76 of both sexes and different ages was analyzed before and after surgery. In most extensive laparotomies, factor XIII declined as an expression of the vascular processes during and after the operation. The same effect was demonstrated after surgical excision of stomach or of colon carcinomas. Concurrent with the factor XIII level, fibrinogen concentration was also reduced. While the replenishment of factor XIII extended over a period of several days postoperatively, the fibrinogen synthesis was increased and exceeded normal levels after 2 to 3 days. Inspite the operational activities, factor XIII was never so low that a substitution was indicated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

[The phenomenon of double line of IgG in immunoelectrophoresis (author's transl)].

Immunoelectrophoretic studies of patients' sera occasionally reveal a parallel splitting of the IgG precipitation line if the test is performed with polyvalent antihuman antiserum directed not only against the Fc-part of the IgG molecule. This phenomenon has been studied in a patient with discoid lupus erythematosus and another patient with lymphadenopathy of unknown origin. Apparently, this finding was not due to a monoclonal gammopathy: In the cellulose membrane electrophoresis no extragradient could be observed and assays with antisera directed against free and bound light chains showed a regular pattern. The splitting of the IgG precipitate is much rather caused by polyclonal IgG with a high proportion of slowly diffusing heterogenous IgG-x, as has been found in studies using the immunoelectrophoresis as well as the analytical ultracentrifuge. It was not due to Fab fragments.

Female↗
PubMed1978

[The enzymatic linkage of fibrinogenesis and fibrinolysis (author's transl)].

The coagulation cascade can be triggered by an extrinsic or intrinsic signal. The response is a highly complex activation sequence of several serine proteases. This physiological event of hemostasis comprises the activation of the kinin system as well as other plasma constituents. As an expression of the dynamic balance between fibrinogenesis and fibrinolysis plasminogen is activated either by proteases deriving from the blood clotting cascade or by its linkage to the kallikrein kinin system. Inhibitors of the fibrinolytic events have to be directed specifically against serine proteases or they may be used to interact with the substrate fibrin thus its degradation is delayed.

Aminocaproates↗
PubMed1978

[Trends in modern international gerontological research. Sociological aspects].

Some new trends of the following theoretical models of the sociology of aging are discussed: 1. Models of life cycle which allow a clearer differentiation between the age groupings. 2. The logic of the scientific analysis and the lack of further analysis of the specific sociological content of the disengagement theory. 3. Quantitative and qualitative aspects of roles in the old age and age cohorts. 4. The significance of exchange-theory to analyse the special social situation of the elderly. 5. New results discussing the situation of the elderly as a minority group or subculture. 6. Organisational analysis of the welfare programs of the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Measuring nursing needs of older people related to actual nursing time in institutions for the aged (author's transl)].

A great many of the elderly people are in need of care. In offering services accordingly it is necessary to acquire relevant data. The following article gives results of a study which determined 1) the real amount of given nursing care and 2) the measured amount of nursing needs of these patients. The research was done at 10 nursing stations with 210 persons. The results make clear 1) that need of care must be seen in a multidemensional perspective and 2) that much of the psychological and social needs of the patients are not yet satisfied.

Age Factors↗