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Biomedical subjects

R Edler

Publications and source records attributed to R Edler.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparison of three methods of facial measurement.

The aims of this study were to assess the accuracy of measurements recorded by 3D stereophotogrammetry and to compare three methods of facial measurement: manual anthropometry, 3D stereophotogrammetry and 2D photography. Measurements were taken from 14 landmarks on each of six volunteers and compared. In addition, the variability of the methods was assessed. Three-dimensional measurements were shown to compare well with manual measurements on volunteers as well as test objects for which the mean difference was 0.23 mm (shortest distance) and 0.13 mm (surface). All the three methods of measurement were found to have good levels of repeatability. Two-dimensional measurements were more variable than manual measurements (P=0.021). Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric measurements were shown to compare well with manual measurements although the values obtained were mostly slightly larger. Stereophotogrammetry allows images to be taken in a Medical Photography Department, facilitating the accurate measurement of facial morphology from digitized data, including changes associated with treatment or growth. There are clear potential benefits of using 3D measurements in the assessment of facial deformity.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The use of vacuum-formed splints for temporary intermaxillary fixation in the management of unilateral condylar fractures.

We report a simple, effective method of managing displaced unilateral condylar fractures with occlusal disruption using vacuum-formed thermoplastic foil splints with bonded wire cleats. The cleats enable intermaxillary fixation in the form of orthodontic elastics to be used, which guide then maintain the occlusion in centric relation. A case is presented in which this technique was used successfully.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2001

Clinical and computerized assessment of mandibular asymmetry.

The aim of this study was to investigate assessment of mandibular asymmetry by clinicians and to evaluate a new computerized system. Eight experienced clinicians (four maxillofacial surgeons and four orthodontists) assessed 12 standardized facial photographs of patients selected to provide a range, from normality to marked mandibular asymmetry. Photographs were taken under standardized conditions; analysis of photographs repeated after one month showed close agreement. The computerized system used four different methods for quantifying asymmetry based on right/left differences in perimeter, area, compactness, and centre of area ratios. Good agreement (kappa = 0.77) was achieved by the clinicians in assessing the likelihood of treatment need; however, when assessing an 'acceptable' level of asymmetry, agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.46). Differences in perimeter ratios did not compare well with clinical assessment, but those for both area and compactness showed 100 per cent sensitivity and specificity to clinical assessment at ratio differences of 0.05 and 0.03 (deviation from 1), respectively. A centre of area difference ratio greater than 1 showed 75 per cent sensitivity and 85 per cent specificity to clinical assessment. These parameters could prove useful in quantifying change in asymmetries brought about by growth, treatment, or any subsequent relapse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Long-term stability of the lower labial segment relative to the A-Pog line.

Cephalometric records of 47 cases treated with the Begg technique were examined with a view to assessing both the effects of treatment and long-term change. The cases were treated by a single operator (Dr H. Brouwer) whose long-term records were taken on average over 10 years out of retention. Special reference was made of the use of A-Pog line as a guide to lower incisor stability. There was marked individual variation in both response to treatment and long-term change. Though all the results were clinically stable the A-Pog line was not found to be a reliable guide to lower incisor stability. In 62 per cent of the cases examined, the lower incisors tended to return towards their original positions after retention, whilst in the remaining cases the changes were extremely variable.

Adolescent↗