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R Eisner

Publications and source records attributed to R Eisner.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Predicting subcellular localization of proteins using machine-learned classifiers.

MOTIVATION: Identifying the destination or localization of proteins is key to understanding their function and facilitating their purification. A number of existing computational prediction methods are based on sequence analysis. However, these methods are limited in scope, accuracy and most particularly breadth of coverage. Rather than using sequence information alone, we have explored the use of database text annotations from homologs and machine learning to substantially improve the prediction of subcellular location. RESULTS: We have constructed five machine-learning classifiers for predicting subcellular localization of proteins from animals, plants, fungi, Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria, which are 81% accurate for fungi and 92-94% accurate for the other four categories. These are the most accurate subcellular predictors across the widest set of organisms ever published. Our predictors are part of the Proteome Analyst web-service.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Gaucher disease type 1: cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding acid beta-glucosidase from an Ashkenazi Jewish patient.

Gaucher disease (GD) type 1 is the most prevalent lysosomal storage disease and the most prevalent genetic disease among the Ashkenazi Jews. The defective activity of acid beta-glucosidase is the enzymatic basis of GD and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. To investigate the genetic basis of Ashkenazi Jewish GD type 1, a cDNA encoding acid beta-glucosidase was isolated from a cDNA library constructed using splenic poly(A)+RNA from a patient. The cDNA was sequenced to identify mutations, and the presence of a single missense mutation in the patients' genome was confirmed by selective oligonucleotide hybridization and by restriction endonuclease digestion analyses of amplified genomic sequences. This G----A transition (Arg-119 to Gln-119) was present heterozygously in the index patient and his affected third cousin but was not present in normal non-Jewish individuals. This mutation is the second single base mutation found in Ashkenazi Jewish GD type 1 patients. Furthermore, results obtained with the affected third cousin suggest that at least three mutant alleles may be present in this GD subpopulation.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Epidemiologic studies of Lyme disease in horses and their public health significance.

A serologic survey of horses in the New Jersey-Pennsylvania area demonstrated that about 10% (6.2-14.2%) have significant levels of serum antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi. However, in a highly endemic area of central New Jersey, up to 60% of the mares and yearlings samples on one farm were seropositive. In 1983, sera from this same farm exhibited only 12% positives in mares and 35% positives in yearlings. Longitudinal studies of paired sera obtained from individual yearlings over a 6-month period in 1985 showed that 34% of them declined during the period. A new clinical syndrome associated with this farm has been observed in 1985-87. In 1985 only an edema of the legs and a dermatitis were noted, in 19.2% of the foals. There was a clustering of cases on one site, where one peer group of foals was sequestered after weaning, which suggested a point source of infection other than arthropods. In 1986, 14.6% of the foals were affected, four of them with arthritis, two of which resisted antibiotic treatment for over several months' time. Experimental infection of a pony with triturated B. burgdorferi infected tick material indicated low specific antibody levels starting about the ninth day that continued for a 3-week period. When this animal was challenged 6 months later with primary B. burgdorferi cultures, a rapid and significant booster effect was evidenced within 4 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Quantitative analysis of the tomographic thallium-201 myocardial bullseye display: critical role of correcting for patient motion.

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial 201TI imaging appears to offer major improvements over planar imaging. Quantitative analysis of the 201TI images appears to offer major advantages over subjective analysis in planar imaging, but the three-dimensional data available in SPECT images requires special approaches to analysis and display. Thus the myocardial "bullseye" display was developed to summarize and analyze the three-dimensional images of the left ventricle in two dimensions. The relative 201TI distribution to each region of the left ventricle of an individual patient can be displayed as the number of s.d.s away from normal that the region falls. We found that patient motion during the 22 min required for SPECT imaging appeared to produce artifactual defects. Thus, computer programs were developed to quantitate motion between consecutive frames of a [201TI] SPECT myocardial imaging study, simulate nonreturning vertical motion in normal patients, and correct the acquired data for motion. Motion as small as 0.5-1.0 pixel (3-6 mm) in the vertical (axial) direction caused artifactual defects in the quantitative bullseye display that resulted in a false-positive rate of up to 40% for a +1.0 pixel shift. Patient motion of magnitude greater than the threshold value for artifact-production (0.5 pixel) occurred at a rate of 10%, and should be corrected before tomographic reconstruction.

Heart↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of distance-weighted SPECT reconstruction for skeletal scintigraphy.

In 15 patients who had undergone skeletal scintigraphy for evaluation of low back pain, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) reconstruction techniques of distance-weighted filtered backprojection (new method) and non-distance-weighted filtered backprojection (standard method) were compared. Mid-spine sagittal views differing only by reconstruction methods were evaluated by trained observers and by a quantitative profile technique. When asked to compare image quality, the observers demonstrated a clear preference for images reconstructed by the new method. Profile quantitation showed significantly greater contrast in more superficial structures with the new method.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1981

The saphenofemoral junction.

The position of the saphenofemoral junction was noted in 167 operations for flushing ligation of the long saphenous vein. In comparing the results of this study, considerable variance was found with regard to the site of the saphenofemoral junction reported in many anatomic and surgical texts.

Femoral Vein↗