PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Elcuaz

Publications and source records attributed to R Elcuaz.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Gastroenteritis caused by adenoviruses 40/41: epidemiological and clinical aspects].

The 40/41 adenovirus plays an important role as the productive agent of gastroenteritis at a pediatric age according to recent studies. With the aim of evaluating the clinical-epidemiological importance of this agent in our medium a prospective study of the 40/41 adenovirus was carried out in 1,697 stools of children of under 14 years of age over a period of 2 years. An enzyme immunoassay technique with specific monoclonal antibodies was used for detection. The 40/41 adenovirus was the third cause of gastroenteritis following Salmonella sp. and rotavirus with a percentage of infection of 2.1%. In 87.1% of the patients in which it was detected the patients had an age of less than 24 months. A clear peak of infection was found in the months of September of the two years studied. The infection was of intrahospital origin in 46.2% of the patients. Most of the children presented a self-limited diarrheic picture. The evolution of the patients was good with adequate rehydration measures. The study of the 40/41 adenovirus is of indubitable interest with the aim of obtaining greater knowledge of its importance in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of gastroenteritis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[The isolation and identification of Mobiluncus curtisii and Mobiluncus mulieris in genital specimens].

Amongst 1.202 genital samples studied, the microscopic exam revealed in 179 (14.8%) cases flora compatible with bacterial vaginitis. Of these 179 samples, Mobiluncus SP was observed in 35 (19.6%) using Gram staining and in 18 (10.1%) this microorganism was isolated in agar RLK and anaerobic atmosphere. Using biochemical characterization M. curtisii species was found more frequently (15 isolations) than M. mulieris (3 isolations). Chromatographic characterization permitted the diagnosis of the genus but not the differentiation of the species. Out of the 35 cases of Mobiluncus observed microscopically, 11 (31.4%) were afterwards isolated while in 7 occasions Mobiluncus growth was obtained without having been previously visualized using Gram staining. The percentage of Mobiluncus observed was different according to the species since 2 of the 3 M. mulieris while only 9 out of the 15 M. mulieris were visualized.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary meningococcal conjunctivitis: report of 21 patients and review.

Neisseria meningitidis is an uncommon cause of acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Twenty-one cases of primary meningococcal conjunctivitis (PMC) are reported herein and 63 cases published in the literature since 1899 are reviewed. In the 84 cases of PMC available for analysis, the male-to-female ratio was 1.76:1; nine of the patients were neonates, 55 were children, and 20 were adults. Conjunctivitis was unilateral in 66.3% of the patients. Gram stain of conjunctival exudate disclosed gram-negative diplococci in all cases in which it was done. Culture of the conjunctival exudate yielded N. meningitidis in all cases, and 44% of the isolated meningococci belonged to serogroup B. Ocular complications, which occurred in 15.5% of the patients, most frequently were corneal ulcers. Systemic meningococcal disease developed in 17.8% of the patients; the overall mortality was 13.3% for patients with PMC complicated by systemic disease. Development of systemic disease was significantly more frequent in patients receiving only topical therapy than in those treated with systemic therapy (31.71% vs. 2.38%; P = .001). Gram-negative diplococci observed in conjunctival exudate are an indication for systemic antibiotic therapy because of the risk of systemic complications associated with the use of topical therapy alone. When properly treated, patients with PMC have a favorable prognosis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastroenteritis caused by verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157. Presentation of 2 cases].

Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli strains have been associated with acute hemorrhagic colitis since 1982. We have systematically investigated this pathogen in our laboratory, in all stool samples submitted for culture during a fourteen month period, by using MacConkey sorbitol agar to isolate non sorbitol fermenting Escherichia coli strains. Coated latex particles with an antiserum against Escherichia coli O157 were used to detect O157 serogroup Escherichia coli. A completed serological study and verotoxin assay was performed in all positive strains. We have found two non-related cases of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in two children. In one case, the main clinical picture was an acute hemorrhagic colitis and the other one was a diarrhea without presence of blood, with fever and vomiting. Both cases improved without antimicrobial treatment. No systemic complications appeared in any of the cases during the infection. The infection incidence was 0.07% of all positive stool cultures. The few documented cases of this infection in our country should encourage to investigate this pathogen in order to know its real incidence in our environment.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical characteristics and epidemiologic study of a listeriosis outbreak in Grand Canary].

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Human infections caused by Listeria monocytogenes often present as sporadic cases without any epidemiological relationship among them; however they also appear as outbreaks that are usually detected by an increase in the number of cases diagnosed by hospitals of the geographic area. Between December 1991 and May 1993, twenty four cases of listeriosis were detected in three hospitals of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; and they were classified as an outbreak. Our report describes its clinical, epidemiological and microbiological aspects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Twenty four cases of listeriosis were diagnosed, 12 occurred in pregnant women or neonates (5 and 7 respectively) and 12 in non pregnant adults. All adult infections were community-acquired. The incidence rate was, for the epidemic area, 76.3 cases per million population during the period considered (18 months). Among non pregnant adults, 9/12 patients had some underlying disease and 9/12 presented CNS affection (meningitis and/or cerebritis). In the group of pregnant women, 4 cases occurred in the second trimester and fetal loss was caused; one case was detected in the third trimester and four weeks later the patient delivered an unaffected infant. All cases of neonatal listeriosis presented as early-onset sepsis. Of the 24 strains of L. monocytogenes, 21 were serotype 4, two were serotype 1 and one was not typeable. Strains from 12 patients were available for epidemiological analysis, seven of which corresponded to the same pattern and there were three more different patterns.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗