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Biomedical subjects

R Emrich

Publications and source records attributed to R Emrich.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Cranial nerve damage after paediatric head trauma: a long-term follow-up study of 741 cases.

A report is given on transient and permanent (6 months) impairment of cranial nerves after paediatric head injuries (N: 741). There is a link between severity of the injury, fractures on the base of the skull, its foramina and channels, and the frequency of cranial nerve involvement. One should try to establish whether a posttraumatic dysfunction of the cranial nerves is primary or secondary in nature, i.e. due to raised intracranial pressure or haemorrhage. In children after head injuries often the cranial nerves of the oculomotor system are affected (20.2%/7.0%)--transient (permanent), followed by optic atrophy (4.88%), lesion of the trigeminal nerve (4.2%/2.2%), and the facial nerve lower motor type (4.1%/1.7%). Loss of hearing (3.3%/1.2%) and of smell (3.2%/1.2%) are less frequent in children than in adults.

Child↗
PubMed1984

CSF protein profile in infantile spasms. Influence of etiology and ACTH or dexamethasone treatment.

CSF proteins in 107 children ranging from 3 to 24 months of age were analyzed by means of quantitative zone electrophoresis on agarose gel. Subjects included 50 children with infantile spasms, 41 children without CNS disease serving as controls, and 16 infants with acute aseptic meningitis who demonstrated the protein pattern of blood-CSF barrier disturbance. Children with infantile spasms were subdivided into several groups according to etiological categories: symptomatic (pre-, peri-, and postnatal), doubtful, and cryptogenetic. Before any treatment was started, these children showed the protein profile of increased permeability of the blood-CSF barrier, especially for albumin. There was an association between the severity of the changes and the etiological category. Changes were most marked in the symptomatic group, intermediate in the doubtful group, and slight in the cryptogenetic group. No child with infantile spasms of doubtful or unknown etiology revealed changes of the immunoglobulin-containing gamma fractions. Ten children who had received adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or dexamethasone for 2-11 weeks no longer showed any protein leakage into the CSF. The period of ACTH or dexamethasone treatment was characterized by the following findings: the disappearance or reduction of hypsarrhythmia; the reappearance of normal cerebrovascular permeability for protein; and the occurrence of reversible dilatation of the subarachnoid and intraventricular spaces.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Complicated migraine in children (author's transl)].

444 children and adolescents (266 boys, 178 girls) were examined because of migraine at the Department of Pediatric Neurology of the University Children's Hospital, Frankfurt/Main between 1967 and 1980. 378 of these had common and/or classical migraine, 66 complicated migraine. Family history, sex and age at onset in these two groups are compared. Based on this material (4 cases of ophthalmoplegic, 49 of hemiplegic and 13 of basilar artery migraine) clinical features, EEG findings angiographic and CAT-findings of these different forms of complicated migraine are discussed and demonstrated by typical case reports. The importance of basilar artery migraine even in childhood and the mainly poor prognosis of its special type of early onset- "alternating hemiplegia" - are stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Analysis of cerebral defective states acquired in early life.

The clinical and radiographic data provided by CT of 34 patients with cerebral defects acquired in early life were analyzed. Seventeen patients showed porus-like defects due to vascular thrombosis. Volume measurements were made in 26 patients to determine tissue loss and volume shifting by ROI. CT is the most effective means of detecting the cause of the lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative analysis of below-knee prosthetic socket liner materials.

Four materials used in lining prosthetic sockets were compared for their potential usefulness in below-knee applications. Tests carried out included determinations of resistance to compression, resistance to flexural abrasion and coefficients (static and dynamic) of friction. These tests were designed, respectively, to assess changes occurring during end-use brought about by extensive application of compressive or shear force, and to predict the ability to retain contact with the body and socket. Of the four materials in the study (Bock-Lite, Pedilin, polyurethane and silicone), Bock-Lite and silicone had high compression resistance, Bock-Lite had good resistance to flexural abrasion, and polyurethane and silicone had high coefficients of frictional resistance. Thus, Bock-Lite will be the most durable of the four materials but, since it had the lowest frictional coefficient, it may slip in use. Conversely, silicone and polyurethane, which will be retained in position more easily, are easily torn or compressed, so are likely to need replacement more frequently.

Artificial Limbs↗