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Biomedical subjects

R Erlemann

Publications and source records attributed to R Erlemann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Imaging and differential diagnosis of primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions of the spine.

Primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions of the spine and sacrum are rare. A wide variety of benign and malignant lesions can arise in the spine and sacrum. Specific diagnosis is based on the location, matrix appearance and patient's age at time of presentation. In this location CT is often necessary for matrix characterization, particularly, detection of mineralization. MRI can be helpful for further characterization and radiological differential diagnosis. An overview of age distribution and imaging features including pattern for differential diagnosis is presented for the most frequent primary spinal bone tumors and tumor-like lesions.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

[Extranodale lymphomas infradiaphragmal].

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma occurs in up to 30% primarily out of lymph nodes (extranodal). In the abdomen, beside spleen and liver the gastrointestinal tract is often and the kidneys are not rarely affected. However, each abdominal organ and peritoneal space, muscles and skin can be affected at various frequencies. While an exclusive manifestation within an organ without lymphadenopathy is rather unusual, often a concomitant lymphadenopathy is present. A secondary infiltration of an organ due to widespread lymphoma,hematogenous spread or relapse occurs more frequently. On the other hand, in Hodgkin's lymphoma, except spleen and liver other organs are only rarely affected. Mostly it occurs by direct invasion from adjacent pathological lymph nodes.Frequency, morphology at and problems of imaging of extranodal lymphoma are presented.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

[Benign cartilaginous tumors].

Benign cartilaginous tumors are the most frequent bone tumors. At radiography they are not seldomly detected as an additional finding. Most osteochondromas and enchondromas can be diagnosed radiologically based upon their morphology. However, differentiation of a low grade chondrosarcoma from an enchondroma is difficult, and differentiation of a peripheral chondrosarcoma from an osteochondroma can be difficult. Clinics, localization, age distribution and morphology of benign cartilaginous tumors are presented and the most important differential diagnoses are given.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

[Diagnostic imaging of hemophilic osteoarthropathy].

Presently, the degree of the hemophilic arthropathy is estimated by the classification system of Pettersson, which is recommended by the Orthopedic Advisory Committee of the World Federation of Hemophilia. This classification system bases upon plain radiographs of the joints and analyses only those changes which represent the progression of the arthropathy. The value of this classification system has been established by inter-observer studies. However, it shows drawbacks at the exact definition of some parameters. Presently, it is more valuable for longitudinal than for transversal studies. Due to the possibilities of an adequate substitution therapy, only minor degrees of an arthropathy are observed in children. The ankle joints are more severly affected than the elbow joints and they more than the knee joints. This distribution is explained by an increasing sports activity in children. If more than 3 joint bleedings occur within a year the invent of an arthropathy must be presumed. Because the classification system of Pettersson analyses only osseous changes representing late changes, important early changes like hypertrophy of the synovialis and focal destruction of the joint cartilage are overlooked. Magnetic resonance imaging is suitable to show these early changes reliably. MRI can be recommended for the investigation of recurrently bleeding joints without evidence of major osseous changes and for decision making to perform a synovectomy.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1998

[Punch biopsy or fine needle aspiration biopsy in percutaneous lung puncture?].

PURPOSE: The diagnostic accuracy and rate of complications of CT-guided core biopsies (CB) from suspected tumors of the chest were compared to the accuracy a complications of fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB). METHODS: The accuracy in the diagnosis of a benign or malignant lesion of 79 FNAB (19.5 G self-aspirating cutting needle) and of 83 CB (18 G automated core biopsy) and the rates of pneumothorax, pleural drainage and hemoptysis were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: With FNAB, the sensitivity for malignant lesions was 62.1% and the accuracy 68.4%. With CB the sensitivity amounted to 85.9% and accuracy to 86.7%. The rate of pneumothorax was 25.3% following FNAB, with a drainage rate of 5.1% compared to 19.3% and 6.0%, respectively, following CB. The rate of pneumothorax and drainage increased with increasing path length through aerated lung. In advanced emphysema, the pneumothorax rate did not increase; however, in pneumothoraces, pleural drainage was mandatory in 20% of FNAB and in 100% of CB. Hemoptysis without any therapeutic consequences occurred in 3.8% following FNAB and in 6.0% following CB. CONCLUSIONS: With CB diagnostic accuracy can be clearly increased without an obvious increase in the complication rate. However, in patients with obvious emphysema, the pleural drainage rate of pneumothorax may be higher following CB.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1997

Radiological features of the visceral and skeletal involvement of hemochromatosis.

Hemochromatosis is a multisystem disorder produced by the excessive accumulation of iron in visceral organs and the musculoskeletal system. Clinically the disease may be silent, but characteristic radiological features may point to the diagnosis. The increased iron stores in the organs involved, especially in the liver and pancreas, result in an increased attenuation at unenhanced CT and an decreased signal intensity at MR imaging. Hemochromatosis arthropathy includes degenerative osteoarthritis and chondrocalcinosis. The distribution of the arthropathy is distinctive, but not unique, frequently affecting the second and third metacarpophalangeal joints of the hand.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Imaging of bone tumors: evaluation of direct magnification radiography.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potentials of magnification radiography as compared with conventional radiography in diagnosing bone tumors. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Sixty-two patients with primary bone tumors and tumorlike lesions underwent radiography with both conventional (non-magnified) and magnification (five-fold) techniques. All radiographs were analyzed by four radiologists and the findings correlated with the histopathology findings. The microfocal X-ray unit used for magnification radiography had a focal spot size of 20-130 microns. Digital luminescence radiography was employed with magnification, while normal film-screen systems were used with conventional radiography. RESULTS: The diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions as well as the individual tumor diagnosis were determined with higher accuracy using magnification compared with conventional radiography (88% vs 75% and 71% vs 52%, p < 0.01). Margins of destruction, periosteal reactions and matrix patterns were evaluated with higher certainty by all of the radiologists (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Magnification radiography may improve the evaluation and diagnosis of bone tumors.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

[Tumorous space-occupying lesions of the pelvic skeleton. A radiological analysis of 234 cases].

PURPOSE: From the material of a bone tumour record file, an attempt was made to determine criteria enabling radiographic prediction of malignancy and tumour entity of lesions of the pelvis. METHODS: Patients' age, location and radiographic morphology of 234 space-occupying lesions of the pelvis were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: 62.8% of all lesions were malignant, and the portion of malignant tumours increased with increasing age. While 68.0% of the lesions were found in the ilium, 18.8% in the pubis and 13.2% in ischium, the proportion of benign and malignant lesions did not vary in the different bones. Lesions showing a growth rate according to Lodwick grade IA and to IB were benign in 100% and in 82.0%, respectively. In contrast, tumours of grade II or III were malignant in 89.1% and 88.0% of cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: By the construction of subgroups by combining the patients' age and growth rate, the prediction of the malignant potential of a lesion increased significantly. The younger the patient, the more aggressively a benign lesion may grow, while the older the patient the slower a malignant tumour may grow. Prediction of the tumour entity is rarely possible.

Adolescent↗