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Biomedical subjects

R F Afanas'eva

Publications and source records attributed to R F Afanas'eva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Physiologic and hygienic principles underlying creation of clothes protecting against cold].

The article presents principles underlying creation of clothes protecting against cold, in accordance with specific usage conditions (ambient air temperature and speed, ergonomic traits and metabolic level of work, duration of cold exposure). The authors listed requirements to thermal protection of clothes and to separate entities (hat, gloves, shoes) in relation to various climate regions. Major steps of creation and evaluation of the clothes are demonstrated.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed2005

[Evaluating influence of individual protective means on heat state of individuals working in heating microclimate].

The authors evaluate working clothes protecting against electromagnetic waves and chemical pollution to exemplify that the clothes use in heating surroundings deteriorates human heat state due to disordered heat-mass exchange with environment and higher physical exertion caused by the clothes weight. The article demonstrates necessity to correct requirements to microclimate parameters, if using working clothes deteriorating heat-mass exchange with environment in heating microclimate. For adequate evaluation of work conditions, the materials include temperature modification values in accordance with some working clothes types.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Forecasting heat and functional state of human exposed to cooling in water medium].

Based on mathematic and statistic analysis of results obtained in studies of human heat exchange with cooling water medium, the authors represented canonical correlational patterns to determine integral parameter of cooling conditions (IPCC) referred to naked human and with various clothes on, both with and without additional heat releasing sources. Mathematic and statistic analysis helped to present correlational patterns for predicting levels of changes in human functional state according to IPCC comprising complex of factors that determine heat exchange in water medium, including safe time for stay in it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Comparative evaluation of different methods for normalizing heat state of persons exposed to cold water].

Decrease of deep body temperature in humans due to exposure to cold water continues after the exposure ends and carries major danger for human health and life. The article covers data characterizing human heat state parameters after rejection of cold (10 +/- 1 degree C) water environment. This rejection was proved to take place in more severely decreased "core" and "capsule" temperature vs that in air environment. Studies of heat state in 38 volunteers practicing winter swimming demonstrated comparative evaluation of various heating methods among which the most effective are immersion into warm (38 degrees C) water with simultaneous hydromassage and being in sauna at air temperature of 65 +/- 5 degrees C.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Integral evaluation of optimal microclimate and human thermoregulation].

The article presents integral parameters of heat comfort determined numerically through parameters of microclimate and human heat state. The authors defined human heat state classes that necessitate differentiated evaluation of heat comfort depending on energy expenditure. The materials also cover regression equations to calculate criterial parameters for optimal heat state.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed2002

[Comprehensive evaluation of a host of factors influencing thermal load on workers].

The article represents mathematic simulation that enables to determine human heat content for those working in heating environment, using complex of factors causing thermal load, and to assess role of each factor in formation of this load. The authors necessitate evaluation of heating microclimate and specification of requirements to a work mode considering clothes influence on heat accumulation that could be calculated by the equations presented.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Method evaluating heat isolation for individual device suit designed to protect workers from coldness].

Based on results of personal research and of foreign studies, the authors present a method to calculate heat isolation for individual protective means set necessary for human heat state preservation in real working conditions. The method includes surface temperature measurements with consideration of cooling degree and energy consumption, calculation of separate elements of heat balance and density of "net" heat flow in correlation with cooling duration. Calculating heat isolation, the authors considered influence of wind speed on its value and air-resistance of outer clothing.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed2001

[Physiological-occupational requirements with reference to clothes protecting workers from low temperature and methods for the evaluation of heat insulation].

The authors specified a method regulating clothes production in accordance with physiologic and hygienic requirements that result from particular utilization conditions (ambient temperature, motion speed, energy expenditure, duration of exposure to cold). The article represents criteria for allowable heat state of human, requirements to heat insulation of clothes set and items (hat, mittens, and shoes) for various climate areas, for allowable duration of exposure to cold.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed2001

[Cold stress and its prophylaxis].

The authors present criteria of cold stress and their relationships with thermoregulatory strain, ability to work and some health state parameters. Findings are unfavorable influence of human cooling and adaptation to cold on vibration disease development. The article covers requirements to heat-proof properties of clothing set, to duration of exposure to cold in various climate areas of Russian Federation.

Cold Climate↗
PubMed2000

[Prognosis of the thermal status of man in view of the impact of a variety of factors].

Mathematic and statistic analysis helped to determine classes of human functional state characterized by variable degree of thermoregulatory and cardiovascular strain. The authors represented technology forecasting a class of human functional state under influence of combined factors that change heat status and overcharge cardiovascular system and technology forecasting reliable time tolerance interval for the complex of factors influencing human.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1999

[The evaluation of skin temperature points and heat flow in the area of the foot for the measurement of the footwear heat insulation].

Analyzing results of the personal experiments, the authors present methodology to minimize number of sites for measurement of foot skin temperature and heat flow. Average foot temperature could be reliably measured through one or several sites. The studies revealed informativeness of each among 11 measurement sites and helped to specify corresponding equations for evaluation of foot heat conditions and heat insulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Comparative evaluation of methods accepted by Russian and international standards to assess total resistance of special cold-proof clothing set].

Experimental studies helped to compare methods determining and calculating total heat resistance of clothing sets accepted by Russian and international standards. Findings are that difference in the total heat resistance values calculated on humans and on dummies in relatively still air and quiet conditions is caused by measurement technique applied. Significant difference in the total heat resistance values calculated in windy conditions or during walk require further research aimed to study influence of those factors on clothes' heat resistance.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1998

[Regulation of physical factors. Results and prospects].

The article represents results of research justifying and designing new principles concerning regulation of technogenic and natural physical factors. Those principles are based on studies of relationships between the physical factors and changes in human functional state, health and occupational risk. The authors demonstrate new methodic approaches for complex prognostic evaluation of environmental physical factors and main prospective trends in regulation and evaluation of physical factors, in prevention of their harm.

Female↗
PubMed1998

[Sanitary evaluation of microclimate conditions at the ore mining and alluvial pits sites].

The authors summarized results of hygienic research carried in pits of Transbaikal region, Yakutia. Tchukotka, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Krivoy Rog, European North and other areas. Microclimate parameters in winze of mining and alluvial pits appeared to vary significantly and to depend on certain specific factors (depth of mining, climate geographic zone of the enterprise, temperature of the ores treated, etc.). Considering degree of influence on workers' heat state, taking into account significance of clothes heat insulation required, the authors defined 4 types of microclimate at workplace. For operative selection of optimal special clothing set, the authors represent dependence of proper heat resistance of clothes for main and auxiliary occupations on microclimate conditions.

Climate↗
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of the effects of a complex of physical factors on the functional state of men doing mental work].

The article evaluates influence of environmental, physical factors (noise, vibration, ambient temperature, illumination) on human functional state. The study involved 3 males performing mental tasks (following the object movements on monitor and correcting the track after variable interferences appearing in uneven time intervals) in specific microclimate chamber. The study revealed physiologic parameters more substantial for human functional state if influenced by environmental physical factors. For each parameter of human functional state and environmental physical factor a significance share was determined. If significant (r = 0.82, p < 0.001), correlations between parameters of human functional state and environmental physical factors became a material for integral equations. Method of cluster analyses defined 3 classes of human functional state and environmental status. Evaluation and regulation of those integral parameters became possible through a probability nomogram obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Physiologic and hygienic requirements for clothes protecting from cold during outdoors work in Northern regions].

The article presents main requirements met by clothing for protection against cold. The authors demonstrate calculation of desirable heat resistance of clothing and its components, results of experimental and occupational studies participated by humans and aimed at evaluation of individual protective means. The article shows role of individual protective means in maintaining desirable state of the workers.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1996

[Physiologic and hygienic substantiation of requirements of individual protective means against cold of workers exposed to local and general vibration].

The article deals with results of studies evaluating heat and functional state of miners in Murmansk region. The authors suggest prophylaxis against unfavorable effects of cold and vibration on the miners. The measures are to lower thermoregulatory overstrain by use of individual protective means providing optimal heat state during the work activities.

Body Temperature Regulation↗