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Biomedical subjects

R F Dillon

Publications and source records attributed to R F Dillon.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Image organization and navigation strategies for a radiological work station.

One can distinguish two distinct preliminary phases in the "analog" radiographs reading process. The first phase deals with the film selection and placement on viewboxes (image organization), and the second with the actual film reading (involving image navigation, ie, the means for accessing the individual images). Our multimedia radiological work station will replace the view boxes with a low-resolution control monitor and a single high-resolution image monitor for viewing the radiographic images of the patient. These are organized by body area and examination view, and are associated with a sketch of a human body on the control monitor. This "anthropomorphic" organization of the images helps the radiologist create a mental picture of the entire patient radiographic file. We expect that together with the requisition information, a proper representation of the file will improve the search for relevant radiographic images. The work station supports image navigation by means of a "soft" representation of the physical viewboxes. In the same manner that radiographic films can be placed onto physical viewboxes, image labels can be dragged with the mouse onto soft viewboxes embedded on the image monitor. Evaluation of results from tests conducted with 15 physicians are presented.

Data Display↗
PubMed1988

Improved prediction of success in surgical clerkship through measures of information processing.

A new system for predicting success of surgical student performance has been developed. A test of surgical knowledge, with questions given in the form of analogies, was administered to 16 students in their fourth week of clerkship. While solving test items, students' eye movements and fixations were tracked. By analysis of the recordings, eight scores of information-processing capabilities were derived. The processing scores and conventional predictors of medical school clinical performance were analyzed to determine their power to predict success, defined by ratings given on a 1 to 10 scale by 21 faculty members based on three tests of cognitive knowledge, two performance-based examinations, and faculty reports. The ratings were reliable (generalizability coefficient = 0.72; p less than 0.001). Stepwise regression analysis of all variables selected one MCAT score (science problems) and two information-processing scores to the statistical model that maximally predicted success. Regression coefficient for the science problem subset of the MCAT was 0.42. This was augmented to R2 = 0.77 when information processing variables were included. The increment was significant, F (2, 11) = 9.25; p less than 0.01. A newly developed test, coupled with techniques that made possible the derivation of components of information processing, nearly doubled the power of conventional tests to predict success in surgical clerkship.

Aptitude Tests↗
PubMed1987

Neonatal neurological status in a low-risk population after prenatal exposure to cigarettes, marijuana, and alcohol.

The neurological status of 9- and 30-day-old infants, as assessed by the Prechtl neurological examination, was significantly and differentially related to prenatal exposure of cigarettes, marijuana, and alcohol. Data on approximately 250 babies, born to healthy, white, predominantly middle-class women, were analyzed using discriminant function analyses controlling for potentially confounding variables. Prenatal cigarette exposure was associated with hypertonicity and increased nervous system excitation, particularly at 30 days, prenatal marijuana exposure was associated with symptoms similar to mild narcotic withdrawal, and prenatal exposure to relatively low levels of alcohol was associated with slightly lowered nervous system arousal at 9 days of age. The results were related to behavioral observations on neonates exposed to drugs prenatally.

Alcohol Drinking↗