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Biomedical subjects

R F Gray

Publications and source records attributed to R F Gray.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Perforating injury of the neck and vertebral artery trauma.

A 10-year-old schoolboy presented with a penetrating wound to the neck after a children's slide accident. A CT scan and endoscopy showed a traumatic oesophageal-cutaneous fistula. Neurologically the child deteriorated over a period of 34 hours and finally succumbed to a respiratory arrest. Post-mortem findings showed a hypoplastic right vertebral artery. In the left suboccipital triangle a venous clot had blocked the dominant artery thus leading to cerebellar and brainstem infarction. This extraluminal compression leading to obstruction of an otherwise non traumatized vertebral artery is unique in the literature.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Radiology for cochlear implants.

One fifth of patients selected for cochlear implants have such bony irregularities in the cochlear duct that full insertion of a multichannel electrode array is impossible. Three cases of cochlear deafness are presented where pre- and post-operative radiology played an important part in the management. Standard CT at 2 mm cuts is compared with ultra high resolution CT at 1 mm cuts. The pitfall of poor definition is that the inexperienced surgeon may find himself unexpectedly drilling out an obliterated cochlear duct. Sections 30 degrees caudal to Reid's infra orbito-meatal base line at 1 mm intervals give maximum information for minimum radiation. Plain films show the placement of individual platinum electrode contacts in relation to the spiral 'frequency map' of the cochlea. This is vital information for the audiologist who has to route specific frequencies to specific sites within the ear for a good hearing result.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Mastoid misery: quantifying the distress in a radical cavity.

Seventy-eight mastoid cavities were studied in 39 patients who required revision surgery for troublesome symptoms. A retrospective questionnaire was used to assign a symptom score to each patient in his pre and post-operative condition. The 5 leading symptoms of pain, wax, discharge, smell and giddiness were reviewed. A score of 15 points represented the worst case and zero the best. The average improvement after surgery was 4.7 points. Hearing was not considered in this study.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Cricoid release in a preterm neonate.

A baby born at 23 weeks gestation could not be extubated at 34 weeks and nine weeks intubation was causing laryngeal granulation. Anterior cricoid release saved the infant from a tracheostomy. The case is reported because of (a) the prematurity and small size of the neonate and (b) the microsurgical technique and non-penetration of tracheal mucosa, neither of which have been addressed in previous publications.

Cricoid Cartilage↗
PubMed1990

Electrical stimulation of the round window: a selection procedure for single-channel cochlear implantation.

Many suggestions have been made as to the most appropriate tests for the selection of patients for cochlear implantation. One of the most appropriate tests when selecting patients for a round window extracochlear device is stimulation of the round window itself by a temporary electrode of the same size. Fourteen patients have been tested, 7 of whom were judged to have a good response to electrical stimulation. Six patients have gone on to permanent implantation with a round window cochlear implant.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1990

Aural suction without vertigo.

Vertigo induced by aural suction was abolished by maintaining a constant temperature in the mastoid cavity during the procedure. This was achieved using humidified air at 38 degrees C at the wider end of the aural speculum. The cavity temperature fell by a maximum of 0.2 degrees C (average) in 24 patients, none of whom experienced rotatary vertigo despite prolonged suction. This contrasted with a maximum temperature drop of 8.9 degrees C (average) in the same group of patients, 18 of whom then suffered vertigo and nystagmus, when the cavity temperature was not controlled during suction.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Causes of deafness in schools for the deaf in Madras.

Information has been collected by questionnaire from parents and teachers of 928 deaf school children in South India. 374 of these children were examined during a 21-day visit to Madras. These findings are part of the outcome of the visit by a working party organised and financed by the Commonwealth Society for the Deaf. The Society has organised surveys of deafness in West Africa and Gambia. In this survey the causes of severe deafness in Madras have been identified. Streptomycin injections were responsible for 3.6% of cases and meningitis for 5.3%. Examination found 29% of children with ophthalmic signs of intrauterine rubella. These could be prevented. Only a third of Indian mothers of children with eye signs are aware of having had rubella infection during pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The clinical evaluation of a new clobetasol propionate preparation in the treatment of otitis externa.

A new preparation containing clobetasol propionate, tetracycline and nystatin was compared with Otosporin in the the treatment of otitis externa. Thirty-two patients with bilateral disease and seventeen with unilateral disease completed the trial. Signs and symptoms were assessed by the clinician initially and at varying times after treatment. Both preparations were effective in relieving the symptoms with the majority of patients noticing improvement within seven days. Clobetasol propionate ear drops were significantly better than Otosporin when assessed on the patient's last visit to the hospital (p less than 0.05). There were less relapses in the clobetasol propionate group than in the Otosporin group.

Adolescent↗