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Biomedical subjects

R Fanelli

Publications and source records attributed to R Fanelli.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Head-space gas-chromatographic analysis of vinyl chloride monomer in rat blood and tissues.

1. A method for measuring vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) concn. in rat blood and tissues is described, using a head-space g.l.c. technique with flame ionization detector. The method is sensitive to 5 ng/ml VCM in blood and 30 ng/g in tissues. 2. VCM disposition was determined in rat blood, liver, kidney, brain and lung at different intervals after administration of 1--10 mg VCM/kg i.v. and 10 mg/kg orally. 3. VCM distributed rapidly in the organism after i.v. administration; it was eliminated rapidly and was no longer detectable at 15 min for the highest dose and at 4 min for the lowest. VCM was absorbed rapidly when given orally and tissue concn. were measurable for longer than after i.v. treatment. For both routes, VCM concn. in liver and lung decrease faster than in other organs, suggesting that these organs play a role in VCM elimination.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Verapamil and torsade de pointe (author's transl)].

A long QT syndrome is described, followed by "torsade de pointe" that is ascribed to an hypopotassemia in a patient submitted to administration of prenylamine, vincamine, digitalis and furosemide. The efficacy of verapamil i.v. is related.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison between vectocardiogram and echocardiogram in the diagnosis of left atrial enlargement (author's transl)].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of atrial enlargement on P wave abnormalities in "primary" (mitral stenosis) and "secondary" (left ventricular involvement) forms of left atrial overload. Echocardiograms and Frank Vectorcardiograms were obtained from 42 subjects, including 12 patients with mitral stenosis (group I A), 4 with mitral insufficiency (group I B), and 26 with left ventricular disease. Good correlations were founded between left atrial dimension and the following vectorcardiographic criteria: magnitude of the positive P vector in lead Z, sum of the positive P wave in leads X and Z, P positive duration/PR segment ratio in lead Z. No specific difference has been found in the vectorcardiographic abnormalities of the "primary" and "secondary" left atrial enlargement. Separate analysis revealed that P wave duration or amplitude changes can be proposed in group I A as specific and sensible criteria of left atrial enlargement. In contrast, the same criteria are highly unspecific when applied to the patients with left ventricular disease, because they can reflect the influence of other variables (left atrial pressure, intra-atrial conduction defects). Comparison of our results with those of other studies of P wave analysis did not demonstrate the superiority of the vectorcardiogram over the conventional electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of left atrial enlargement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[3 cases of cardiac echinococcosis. Diagnostic considerations].

Three cases of cardiac hydatidosis are described, with emphasis on electro-vectorcardiographic, policardiographic and angiographic data. The cysts, plurime in two patients, were localized in different sites: in the first patient only one cyst was present in the interventricular septum; in the second one there were cysts in the right atrial wall and in the diaphragmatic ventricular wall; in the last one a multilocular disrupted sac involved the left ventricular wall partially occupying the left ventricular cavity. Multiple pericardial cysts were also present in this patient. The usefulness of different invasive and non invasive techniques is here discussed regarding topographic diagnosis of cardiac hydatidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Arene oxides in styrene metabolism, a new perspective in styrene toxicity?

The metabolism of styrene was studied in the rat after intraperitoneal administration of the cold and the 14C-labeled compound. In addition to phenylethylene glycol, mandelic acid, benzoic acid and hippuric acid, phenolic metabolites, namely, 4-vinylphenol, p-hydroxymandelic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and p-hydroxyhippuric acid, were identified in the urine of the treated animals. These biotransformation products were characterized by mass spectrometry and by comparative thin layer chromatography with standard compounds. Results of covalent binding studies of 14C-phenylethylene glycol to rat liver microsomal proteins suggest that these phenolic compounds may be formed as a result of chemical rearrangements of unstable arene oxides, reactive intermediates possibly implicated in styrene toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of intact C3-hydroxylated benzodiazepine glucoronides in urine.

A method is described for the determination C3-hydroxylated benzodiazepine glucuronides in biological samples. Oxazepam and lorazepam glucuronides are measured as methyl esters and trimethylsilyl derivates by a gas chromatographic procedure. The applicability of the method has been tested on the urine of rats, guinea pigs, rabbits and man, receiving oxazepam orally. Oxazepam glucuronide was not found in rat urine but it was present in the urine of rabbits (5.7% of the administered dose), guinea pigs (9.5%) and man (13.4-26.9%).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Relationship of in vitro hydrolysis of 17-chloroacetylajmaline and 17-acetylajmaline in different animal species.

17-Chloroacetylajmaline and 17-acetylajmaline are reported to have in vivo antiarrhythmic activity and are metabolized by hydrolysis. Since the hydrolysis product, ajmaline, may be the actual antiarrhythmic agent, the hydrolysis of these derivatives by various tissues of the guinea pig, rat, and mouse was determined in vitro by a titrimetric method and compared to hydrolysis by alpha-naphthylacetate. The heart is the most active tissue in the guinea pig for hydrolyzing 17-chloroacetylajmaline. The hydrolyzing activity is greater in the guinea pig than in rat or mouse heart, corresponding with the more significant pharmacological activity in the guinea pig. 17-Chloroacetylajmaline has a significantly lower Km value than 17-acetylajmaline, which is in agreement with the in vivo activity.

Ajmaline↗
PubMed1975

Levels of piribedil and its active metabolite (S-584) in the rat striatum.

1. A gas chromatographic-mass fragmentographic method has been developed to determine piribedil and its metabolite S-584, using diazepam as internal standard. The metabolite was derivatized as a trimethylsilyl ether for gas chromatographic analysis. The minimum detectable amount of piribedil and the metabolite was 10 ng/g tissue. 2. Levels of piribedil and its metabolite in the striatum were determined by mass fragmentography.

Animals↗