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Biomedical subjects

R Faye

Publications and source records attributed to R Faye.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Cyclin A expression in superficial spreading malignant melanomas correlates with clinical outcome.

The present study analysed by immunohistochemistry the protein level of cyclin A and Ki-67 in a panel of paraffin-embedded tissue obtained from 172 primary (110 superficial and 62 nodular) and 73 metastatic melanomas, and ten benign naevi. Since cyclin A exists in the same quaternary complex in the S-phase of the cell cycle as the cdk inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1, the levels of the two proteins were compared. Cyclin A and Ki-67 were heterogeneously expressed in the malignant tumours, whereas in benign naevi, only rare positive cells were detected. In superficial spreading melanomas, the cyclin A level was related to tumour thickness, with less expression in thinner lesions (p<0.00001), and to Ki-67 (p<0.00001) and p21WAF1/CIP1 (p=0.01) scores. Multivariate analysis showed that in addition to the depth of the primary tumour, the protein level of cyclin A was an independent indicator of relapse-free period (thickness, p<0.00001; cyclin A, p=0.0003). In contrast, in nodular melanoma, the cyclin A level was associated with Ki-67 expression, but neither cyclin A nor Ki-67 was related to tumour thickness (cyclin A, p=0.06; Ki-67, p=0.61) and neither had any impact on relapse-free (cyclin A, p=0.64; Ki-67, p=0.32) or overall (cyclinA, p=0.94; Ki-67, p=0.45) survival. In conclusion, the results indicate that cyclin A is a strong prognostic factor for patients with superficial spreading melanomas. In nodular melanomas, the proliferation rate seems to have little impact on disease progression.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Immunobead-based detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells in melanoma patients.

The presence of circulating tumor cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood of cancer patients may reflect the aggressiveness of the disease. This also applies to cancers that rarely give rise to overt bone marrow metastases. The clinical validity of micrometastasis detection for staging and prognostication depends on the sensitivity and reliability of the detection method. In malignant melanoma, most studies have used reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques, commonly with tyrosinase mRNA as the target molecule. Unfortunately, highly inconsistent results have been reported, raising doubts about this approach. In a study of 81 melanoma patients with metastatic disease, we used an immunobead rosetting method in which live melanoma cells are selected and identified by binding of paramagnetic beads coated with the 9.2.27 antibody against the high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen. In bone marrow samples obtained from 60 patients, 14 (23.3%) were positive, compared to only two of 81 in blood. A highly significant correlation (p = 0.0001, log rank test) was found between micrometastasis positivity and overall survival from time of removal of the primary tumor. Moreover, in regression analysis it was found that the presence of micrometastatic cells was an independent and the most important indicator of poor prognosis, with a relative risk of 5.38. The immunomagnetic method is simple, rapid, and highly sensitive and will be used in further prospective clinical studies.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

[Malignant Leydig cell tumor].

A case of malignant Leydig cell tumor is reported. The best feature of malignancy of this rare tumor is the presence of vascular invasion. An immunohistochemical study is presented and the differential diagnosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Symptomatic liver hemangioma with intra-tumor hemorrhage treated by angiography and embolization during pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: Cavernous hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of the liver and are found in about 2% of autopsy patients. The vast majority are small (less than 4 cm) and asymptomatic, but there have been a few reported cases of these lesions leading to severe pain and even spontaneous fatal hemorrhage. Estrogen may cause the growth of liver hemangiomas, but there is a paucity of information concerning the effect of pregnancy upon these lesions. CASE: A patient presented at 18 weeks' gestation with the acute onset of vomiting and epigastric pain. A right upper-quadrant ultrasound scan found a 9-cm hypodense lesion within the liver, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested a hemangioma. The lesion was believed to be inoperable, and selective catheterization of the common hepatic artery was performed. An angiogram demonstrated a round vascular mass 12 cm in diameter occupying much of the left side of the liver, with the vascular supply from the middle hepatic artery and to a lesser extent from the left hepatic artery. Embolization was performed, and a post-embolization image demonstrated satisfactory occlusion of the vessels treated. The patient's epigastric pain resolved after the procedure. The lesion was observed with monthly ultrasound and regressed to about 50% of its original size. The patient was scheduled for an elective primary cesarean delivery at 39 weeks to avoid possible rupture of the hepatic hemangioma during the second stage of labor. Her cesarean and postpartum course were uncomplicated. CONCLUSION: A symptomatic liver hemangioma with intratumor hemorrhage can be successfully treated with embolization during pregnancy. Because of the paucity of reported cases, it is uncertain whether vaginal birth is contraindicated in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[A case of acquired occlusion of the upper ureter by ampullary hernia of the renal hilus].

The authors report the documented observation of a 59 year old woman admitted to hospital for recent pains in the left flank caused by acute hydronephrosis. Surgical exploration revealed a surprising loss of continuity in the ureter resulting from an ischemic occlusion of the upper ureter. The occlusion was in turn due to compression from a hernia of the renal hilum. The authors conclude with a brief physiopathologic study.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Prostatic cancer: what is new?].

Recent advances, particularly in the fields of biology and nuclear medicine, have improved our understanding of carcinoma of the prostate and, thereby, have contributed to a more precise application of the different therapeutic approaches currently available. Although cytology and "immunological" assay of prostate phosphatases have not replaced rectal examinations in the diagnosis of this condition, it is now possible to assess its stage and "aggressivity" very accurately. Staging the disease demands exhaustive investigation, especially when the cancer is small; although blood-born metastases can be rapidly demonstrated, it is much more difficult to affirm the localised, purely intracapsular form of epithelioma; lymphography and surgical "picking" of lymph nodes should be considered in some cases. The stage and evolution of the cancer, and the general condition of the patient may indicate therapeutic abstention, palliative treatment (hormone therapy) and, all too rarely, an attempt at radical surgical care. There are a number of therapeutic choices of sometimes surprising, sometimes disappointing efficacy, especially in cases "escaping" oestrogen control, heralded by a rise in phosphatase levels.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

[Renodigestive fistulas. Apropos of 3 cases].

Two cases of left renocolic fistula and one case of a double renogastric and left renocutaneous fistula are reported. Diagnostic difficulties are encountered in these affections, their origin being usually from the kidney. Enlarged nephrectomy appears to be the only possible treatment in the majority of cases, the attitude adopted in respect of the digestive viscera involved varying according to local conditions.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[A rare complication of disk surgery: ureteral fistula. Apropos of a case following counter-lateral laminectomy].

The authors report a new case (to be added to the 10 already published in the literature) of damage to the ureter during surgical treatment of a herniated disc. Instruments seeking the hernia perforate the prevertebral ligament and damage the ureter. The diagnosis should have been made rapidly in the light of a difficult postoperative course, the discovery of a pre and laterovertebral effusion by echography and the presence of haematuria and pyuria. In fact the diagnosis was made late, by urography, in the presence of a mass in the flank. Attempted treatment by insertion of a uretic catheter failed and the situation was finally resolved by a second end-to-end ureterorrhaphy after mobilisation of the kidney. The possibility of damage to the ureter during surgery for a disc hernia and the therapeutic possibilities with preservation of the kidney when the diagnosis is made sufficiently early should be familiar to all: neurosurgeon, orthopaedic surgeon and urologist.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Left renal vein thrombosis with exception diagnostic circumstances. Success of an unusual surgical treatment].

The presentation of cystitis associated with lumbago in a young woman lead to the discovery on IVU of left pyelitic irregularities. Ultrasound demonstrated a non-homogeneous lateral pyelitic mass. Because we suspected a vascular aetiology, we performed arteriography: arteries were normal, the renal vein was not visualized, but opacities caused by peripyelitic varices being drained by a much dilated lumbo-ovarian vein which gave a normal intramyometrial phlebographic picture, were seen. Selective catheterization of the renal vein was not possible to perform. Was this then a case of agenesis or thrombosis? Tomography didn't help decide. The persistence of severe pain contraindicated lumbotomy, and the presence of a wide but flat and impermeable renal vein. A complete denervation of the kidney was carried out. The normal artery and the ovarian vein were preserved intact. The follow-up was straight forward-routine IVU was normal. The pains disappeared.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Uretero-colic fistula. Apropos of 2 cases complicating sigmoid diverticulitis after surgery].

The authors report on two cases of uretero-colic fistulization in the post-operative period, following surgery for infectious complications involving sigmoidal diverticulitis. In the aftermath of surgery for sigmoidal diverticula, the appearance of very liquid stools at the exact moment when the infectious and semi-occlusive picture seems to resolve, the occurrence of a uro-steraceous fistula should make one suspect a uretero-colic fistula. Air pyelography and the retrograde opacification of the ureter following a radio-opaque enema are diagnostic. The IVU does not help to establish a firm diagnosis but is useful for showing the state of the adjacent kidney and above all the state of the contralateral kidney. In regard to the sepsis which accompanies these complications (there is nearly always a pericolic abscess at the site of the utero-colic fistula) all attempts at repair are futile. Only nephrectomy may be sometimes appropriate. At the same time, nothing except treatment of the infectious focus (colic or pericolic) will safeguard the patient from the risk of further infection which might end in death. The risk of damage to the ureter which sigmoidal diverticular surgery carries, necessitates the following precautions: a pre-operative IVU, a painstaking dissecting-out and well wide of the neighbouring ureter, the systematic injections of dye to colour the urine at the time of operation in order to avoid ureteric injury and of course to ensure the repair of any injury as soon as it happens. It is only possible to save the adjacent kidney and protect the normal urinary outlet if the ureteric lesion is properly identified at operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[The diagnostic value of the radioimmunological estimation of prostatic acid phosphatase. Comparative value of the measurement of enzyme activity (author's transl)].

Radioimmunological estimation of prostatic acid phosphatase was carried out in 72 reference subjects, 46 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy, 106 patients with untreated prostatic carcinoma and 25 patients with a carcinoma of some other origin. The mean concentration in non-acidified serum was 1.3 +/- 0.4 (M +/- SD) ng/ml for the reference group and 1.6 +/- 0.8 ng/ml for the benign hypertrophy group. The upper limit of discriminatory values for the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma was fixed at 3 ng/ml. Taking this value, the overall percentage of positive results for carcinoma of the prostate was 61% (65/106). The number of cases with a value greater than 3 ng/ml was 3/18 (17%) for stage A, 8/27 (30%) for stage B, 7/13 (54%) for stage C and 47/48 (98%) for stage D. 8% (2/25) of carcinomas of another origin gave a positive result. The results of estimation using the radioimmunological technique were compared with those obtained by the measurement of enzyme activity using para nitro-phenyl phosphate as a substrate in 34 untreated prostatic carcinomas (all stages mixed together). When measurements by both techniques were carried out under the same ideal conditions using fresh sera as soon as possible after the blood was drawn, the result was abnormal in 10 cases out of 12 (83%) for the radioimmunological method and in 8 cases out of 12 (67%) for the measurement of enzyme activity. By contrast, under routine conditions, the positive percentage figures were 77% (17/22) for the radioimmunological technique and only 36% (8/22) for the measurement of enzyme activity. It would thus appear that radioimmunological measurement is more reliable than the measurement of enzyme activity.

Acid Phosphatase↗