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Biomedical subjects

R Feuereisl

Publications and source records attributed to R Feuereisl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Long-term effect of isosorbide dinitrate and nifedipine, singly and in association, in patients with chronic heart failure.

The effect of 2-month treatment with isosorbide dinitrate (120 mg day-1), nifedipine (2 x 20 mg day-1) and their combination has been assessed in 16 patients with mild to moderate chronic cardiac failure. Isosorbide dinitrate decreased right atrial (-23%), pulmonary wedge (-20%) and pulmonary arterial (-17%) pressures but did not significantly change either cardiac output or systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance. Nifedipine increased cardiac output (+13%) and decreased systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance (both -17%) with no change of pressures. Combined therapy with both drugs decreased ventricular filling pressures (-8% and -15%), systemic (-20%) and pulmonary (-13%) arterial pressures, increased cardiac output (+26%) and decreased both systemic (-29%) and pulmonary (-29%) vascular resistances. Changes during exercise were almost the same as at rest. The effect of both drugs was more pronounced in patients with more severely pathological haemodynamic measurements before treatment. We conclude that combined treatment with both preload- and afterload-reducing agents can preserve or even potentiate a favourable haemodynamic effect of individual drugs.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1989

[The dipyridamole echocardiography test combined with isometric loading in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease].

The authors compared the sensitivity of the simple dipyridamole test (DP test) and the dipyridamole test combined with an isometric load (DP + HG test). Evaluation by means of two-dimensional echocardiography was used. The sensitivity and specificity of the DP test, in case of a 50% or greater stenosis of one or several coronary arteries, as a criterion of classification of the group was 45% and 100%, as compared with 72% and 100% in the combined DP + HG test. The correct diagnosis was confirmed by a selective reference coronarographic findings in all patients. The electrocardiographic changes alone in both tests were positive for IHD only in 9 and 17% resp. Ergometry was more sensitive (44%) than electrocardiographically evaluated changes, using the mentioned intervention tests, but it did not attain the sensitivity of the echocardiographic evaluation. The work indicates that temporary changes of the regional kinetics evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiography are a highly specific manifestation of myocardial ischaemia which developed during a load, and these changes are detected sooner and more frequently than associated electrocardiographic changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Non-invasive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension: Doppler versus echocardiography].

The authors examined a group of 50 patients incl. 28 (56%) with pulmonary hypertension (PH) at rest, mostly postcapillary. Using a Doppler device, they measured the acceleration time (ACT) in the outflow tract of the right ventricle and trunk of the pulmonary artery. Under conditions of concurrent Doppler and direct, catheterization measurements the authors found a close correlation between ACT and the mean pressure in the pulmonary artery (r = -0.88), which was, however, not confirmed after a 1-10 day interval (r = = -0.64). The authors conclude that Doppler ACT reflects only the actual pressure in the pulmonary circulation. The authors found a close correlation between ACT values in the right ventricular outflow tract and the pulmonary artery (r = 0.95), and no significant difference. Comparison of Doppler diagnosis of PH with former echocardiographic methods revealed unequivocally the priority of the Doppler method. Failure of echocardiography is most probably associated with the postcapillary type of PH in the group of patients and does not rule out the validity of original findings in precapillary PH. Rapid and easy assessment along with a simpler interpretation is in favour of the Doppler technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The importance of quantitative Doppler in assessment of mitral stenosis.

Duplex Doppler echocardiography with high pulse repetition frequency was used to study: group A - 7 patients with mitral stenosis (MS) during cardiac catheterization, and group B - 26 patients with MS in whom the Doppler examination was performed 24 h-3 months prior to catheterization. Using the peak flow velocity within the stenotic flow jet, the pressure drop and mitral valve area (MVA) were calculated and compared with data obtained invasively. The inter-observer variability of the two parameters was 12% and 5%, respectively. The correlation between Doppler pressure drop and invasive measurement was excellent in group A (r = 0.83), while less close in group B (r = 0.71). However, using only MVA estimates (group B), it was possible to recognize most of MS with catheterization MVA less than or equal to 1.0 cm2/m2 (sensitivity and predictive value both of 90%). Therefore, even nonsimultaneous quantitation of MS seems valuable in pre-operative patient evaluation, adding a new information to hitherto existing echocardiographic criteria.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1981

[Longitudinal control of a selected group of young men in view of chronic bronchitis incidence (author's transl)].

Report on a prospective longitudinal study of a group fo 16 years old men of Prague, followed up to 6 years. Every two years questionnaires were checked and fluorography, ECG and breathing function tests had been done, too. The group of 341 young men, whose data were complete, had been divided into smokers and nonsmokers, in students and apprentices as well as in healthy persons and people, who suffered from chronic bronchitis. All men with chronic bronchitis had a smoker-history but breathing function tests were normal. First signs of bronchitis will not be recorded by function tests but will be found out by subjective symptoms about 3 years after the beginning of smoking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The influence of endobronchial fluid on the ventilation.

We evaluated the influence of 2 0ml contrast substance Dionosil aq. on the ventilatory function of lung 21 patients who suffered from relapsing bronchial inflammations. The spirographic examination before the local anaesthesia was accomplished with Vitalograph apparatus, the same examination after local anaesthesia of 3 ml 3% cocaine and 60 mg lidocaine and after the bronchoscopy and bronchography and simultaneously was made the bronchocinematographic recording. We verified that the presence of 20 ml contrast substance decreased significantly the values of VC, FVC, FEV1,0 and FEF25--75 and a little even the values of FEV%. The local anaesthesia of the bronchial three did not influence the ventilation values. The bronchocinematography indicated even in contour bronchographs of great bronchi that the intial lumina of peripheral bronchial branches were dispersely fullfilled with contrast media. Because of small flow speed in his section the contrast substance has stopped and it did not move neither at forced breathing nor at coughing. The ventilation secured probably only minor nonfilled branches. Our discoveries contribute to the clearance of failure causes of inhalatory medical treatment with patients having a mild higher viscosity of bronchial secretions.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The problem of airways collapse during expiration.

In this work there are described two models of breathing mechanics which are aimed to the collapse problem of airways during expiration. The first model (FMAR 7) in the solution respects only the resistance problem of the airways walls against the ambient pressure. The second model (FMAR 8) takes account of the influence of elasticity of alveolar walls. The resultant curves were calculated according to the model (FMAR 8) on the parameter basis obtained by means of patient measuring and these are well comparable with curves noticed during the examinations of objective persons.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1979

Results of simulation of non-homogeneous ventilatory mechanics for a patient-computer arrangement.

A model of the ventilatory mechanic system was realised on the MEDA TC 41 analogue computer; it consists of 2 structurally identical compartments, differing in the values of their coefficients. By changing the values of coefficients and the relations between the 2 compartments, it was possible to simulate the non-homogeneity of a real, pathologically-changed system of the body afflicted by disease. Complex resistance loops with phase shifts. identical with those really registered from patients, were realised; this was impossible for models with only 1 compartment. By changing the non-homogeneity of the model., it was possible to simulate the past and future development of the state of the diseased patient with sufficient reliability.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1979

[An unhomogeneous model of the respiratory mechanics (author's transl)].

Mechanics of the respiratory system was simulated on analogue computer by a two-compartmental model. Each compartment expresses a functionally (not anatomicall) different part of the lungs, corresponding to some unhomogeneity within the system. The influence of this unhomogeneity on characteristics parameters of the lung (resistance, compliance) was analysed in simulated experiments. This seems to show the way how to express the degree of the lung function disturbance by some quantitative relations.

Airway Resistance↗