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Biomedical subjects

R Fiedler

Publications and source records attributed to R Fiedler.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Assessing nutrient intake with an abbreviated dietary interview.

There is considerable interest in developing a means of assessing dietary intake of specific nutrients with minimal time and expense in epidemiologic studies. Using data from 1,682 individuals who were interviewed using an extensive food frequency dietary history, the authors examined the question of how many foods might be minimally required in order to estimate specific nutrient intakes for epidemiologic purposes. Nutrient indices were constructed for vitamins A and C, dietary fiber, fat, protein, and total calories based on 128 foods included in the interview. They found that a large fraction of the variability of nutrient intake in this population could be explained by a small number of foods. An abbreviated dietary history ascertaining the intake of as few as 15-20 food items may be all that is required in order to test the association between disease outcome and the intake of a single nutrient.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

A new concept for the management of rectal prolapse.

The various modified fixation procedures used for rectal prolapse take into account the pathophysiologic concept of complete prolapse of the rectum as a sliding hernia of the pouch of Douglas. The possibility of intussusception by reinforcement of the wall of the extensively mobilized rectum was successfully prevented by a new technique. The use of this simple technique in another form of prolapse, namely, prolapse of the terminal colostomy, convinced us to its usefulness.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

[Local recurrence following anterior resection of rectal cancer. CEA-titer (author's transl)].

The records of 70 patients undergoing a curative anterior resection at the Surgical Department of the Academic Teaching Hospital in Herford for carcinoma of the rectum between January 1, 1974 and December 31, 1978 were reviewed. There were 6 cases (8,5%) developing suture line and local recurrence between 9 and 16.5 months after anterior resection. In this study a rising CEA-titer was the first evidence of recurrence in only 29% of our patients. Among 9 patients with confirmed local recurrence - 6 from our own and 3 from outside - only 2 (22%) showed an increase in CEA levels above normal. In the face of the poor 5-year survival with secondary abdomino-perineal resection following anterior resection one must ask if the significance of those operative procedures with their technical difficulty is justified. Our own experience of 9 patients with secondary abdominoperineal resection for local recurrence has changed our mind for a more palliative operative procedure in such cases.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1977

[Exocrine pancreatic function in rats after treatment with cyclophosphamide (author's transl)].

After a 3- and 8 day administration of cyclophosphamide to rats an approximately dose-dependent decrease in the pancreatic secretion of protein and enzyme activities was demonstrable in vivo under exogenous stimulation with secretin and pancreozymin. The volume of secretion and the electrolyte outputs were found to be slightly lowered. An impairment in enzyme synthesis resulting from cyclophosphamide administration is suggested as the major cause of the observed changes in secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Endocrine disturbances in patients with congenital aqueductal stenosis.

Congenital stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius is reported to be associated with sella turcia enlargement and clinical and laboratory abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-target-organ axis. It is a surgically reversible lesion. In the present report, 3 female patients with this lesion were studied with tests of basal endocrine function, as well as insulin tolerance tests, response to metyrapone and determination of circadian periodicity of plasma cortisol levels. In one patient all testing was normal and no surgery was performed. In 2 other patients the insulin tolerance test revealed either abnormal cortisol or growth hormone responses and in one patient urinary gonadotrophins were absent. All tests became normal post-operatively although in one instance not completely so until 5 years after surgery.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A retrospective study of serial CEA determinations in the early detection of recurrent colorectal cancer.

In the past five years, routine CEA determinations have been carried out on all patients after curative operation for colorectal carcinoma. These patients also underwent a clinical follow-up examination in the Oncology Outpatient Department. In 86 patients, recurrence of a tumor was confirmed. In 31 cases, a second-look operation was carried out. The CEA determinations were retrospectively analyzed in these patients and correlated with the time the recurrence of the tumor was diagnosed. These results show that of 86 patients only 15 (17.4 per cent) had pathologic CEA values before clinical symptoms of tumor recurrence. In the patient group with local recurrence, only 11 (23.9 per cent) of 46 patients had previously pathologically raised CEA values. Of 31 patients, 15 (48.4 per cent) underwent curative resection after the second-look operation. At this time, 12 patients (38.7 per cnt) still had normal CEA values, whereas only three patients (9.7 per cent) had pathologically raised CEA values. From these results, it was established that early diagnosis of tumor recurrence was very low. Therefore, one should not rely more on postoperative routine CEA determinations in the postoperative monitoring of patients following curative operations for colorectal carcinoma than on regular comprehensive follow-up examinations of these patients.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Case report. Mini-epidemic of thyrotoxicosis occurring in physicians.

This report describes the appearance of thyrotoxicosis over the past eight years in three male physicians working in the Division of Endocrinology at The Mount Sinai Hospital. Since no other instances of hyperthyroidism developed among the hospital medical or dental attending staff, to the authors' knowledge, during the years of 1953-1973, this incidence appears to indicate an unusual occurrence. (Information regarding other possible instances of thyrotoxicosis was obtained by questioning all of the physicians in the Division of Endocrinology at The Mount Sinai Hospital, members of the Division of Endocrinology at the other major institutions in the city and, finally, inquiry of the physicians in the Department of Medicine at The Mount Sinai Hospital.)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Research skills for medical students: a summer assistantship in family medicine.

This report presents a description of a summer research assistantship program for first- and second-year medical students. The program's goals are to develop and enhance students' research capabilities and to familiarize students with clinical research in family practice. The program provides sponsorship of a student by a faculty member, with a $1,120 stipend for students, as well as seminars on research skills. A pre- and post-program questionnaire and test documented significant improvements in students' perceived knowledge of research methodology. This structured summer research program is an effective way to introduce and emphasize essential research skills.

Clinical Clerkship↗