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Biomedical subjects

R Fitz

Publications and source records attributed to R Fitz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Serum prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) and oxytocin levels correlate with sonographic changes in the cervix in patients with preterm labor.

This is a study on the correlation of maternal serum oxytocin and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) levels with sonographically measurable changes in the cervix and the internal cervical os in patients with preterm labor. Oxytocin levels significantly correlate (P = 0.03) with the width of the internal os and the PGFM values significantly correlate with the length of the cervix (P = 0.008). An increase in the oxytocin level resulted in a measurable widening of the internal os and an increase in the prostaglandin level resulted in a measurable shortening of the cervix.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1992

[The significance of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM)--and plasma oxytocin level in patients with premature labor].

In the present study, plasma oxytocin and prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite (PGFM) concentrations were measured in 46 patients admitted for preterm labour. Gestational age ranged from 20-34 weeks. Samples were collected 12 hours before and after initiation of tocolysis. Patients with a premature rupture of the membranes and/or intra-amniotic infection were excluded in this study. There was a significant difference in the oxytocin (p = 0.05) and PGFM levels (p = 0.007, after 12 hours: p = 0.004) between a control group without preterm labour and women with preterm labour. No differences were seen between the successfully treated (delivery more than 5 days after start of tocolysis) and the failure group. There was no significantly different increase or decrease in PGFM and Oxytocin plasma levels between treatment failures and successfully treated patients.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1992

Angiotensin II and monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension: effect of losartan (DuP 753), a nonpeptide angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist.

Administration of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline (MCT) to rats results in hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease characterized by a structurally based increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricular hypertrophy. Alterations in lung angiotensin converting enzyme activity in MCT-treated rats have suggested a role for angiotensin II (AII) in the pathogenesis of this model of hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease. To determine if increases in AII contribute to the development of pulmonary hypertension in MCT-treated rats, we examined the effect of chronic administration of the nonpeptide AII receptor antagonist Losartan on indices of pulmonary hypertension, Losartan (DuP 753; 10 mg/kg s.c.) administration for 21 days did not prevent the development of hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease in MCT-treated rats. However, 18 hr after the last dose of Losartan, AII (0.1 micrograms/kg i.v.)-induced pressor responses were inhibited by 63% in Losartan-treated rats. Losartan administration in MCT-treated rats did not prevent increases in pulmonary artery pressure or development of right ventricular hypertrophy. Additionally, increases in medial arterial thickness in pulmonary artery vessels (less than 50 microns and 50-100 microns external diameter) from MCT-treated rats were still evident in Losartan-treated rats. However, Losartan administration decreased medial pulmonary artery thickness of 50 to 100 microns external diameter vessels in control rats. These results demonstrate that AII. acting at the AT1 receptor subtype, does not contribute to pulmonary hypertension in this animal model.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment concepts in tubal pregnancy].

The incidence of tubal pregnancy has increased markedly over the past years. Reasons for this are increased infections of and operations on the tubes and also improved diagnosis of the condition. The development of sensitive pregnancy tests, a constant improvement in ultrasound, introduction of laparoscopy and last, but not least, an increase in the degree of awareness amongst the general public have led to a much earlier diagnosis of tubal pregnancies. Therefore, it is possible to treat tubal pregnancies in a more conservative fashion operatively but also medically.

Dinoprost↗
PubMed1990

[Clomiphene citrate ointment in the local treatment of condylomata acuminata].

The hypothesis underlying local treatment of Condylomata acuminata with clomiphene citrate is based on the assumption that susceptibility to this disease in women depends on the relative amount of oestrogen receptors in the affected, as opposed to the unaffected areas. We postulate blockade of these skin receptors after local application of clomiphene citrate ointment. A pilot study was conducted in 15 patients aged 20-33 with Condylomata acuminata. After only 2 months a complete remission was recorded in 12 patients (= 80%).

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

[Tumor markers and creatine kinase in the differential diagnosis of tubal pregnancy].

In the present study we tried to evaluate the cancer marker CA 19-9, CA 12-5, CA 15-3 as well as the enzyme creatine-kinase (CK) whether they are of any diagnostic value in cases of tubal pregnancies. 15 patients with laporoscopically verified tubal pregnancy were compared with 15 patients with normal intrauterine pregnancies of the same age. Except one case of elevated CK in a patient with tubal pregnancy all other values were within the normal range. We concluded, that tumor markers and CK are inefficient for preoperative differential diagnosis in cases of tubal pregnancies.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1989

[A new method of treating tubal pregnancy using prostaglandin F2a and E2].

The present paper reports on the treatment of 30 tubal pregnancies verified by laparoscopy by means of intratubal prostaglandin (PG) F2a and systemic PG E2. Tubal pregnancy was successfully treated in 25 patients; three patients exhibited side effects. The comparison with surgical management showed better results concerning the tubal patency in the PG-treated group. Further studies should clarify whether this technically simple procedure is superior to the existing methods.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1989

Prostaglandin injection for termination of tubal pregnancy: preliminary results.

A variety of conservative surgical techniques is available for the termination of ectopic pregnancy with preservation of the tube. We report on a new treatment by means of intratubal prostaglandin F2 alpha application followed by intramuscular administration of a prostaglandin E2 derivative (sulprostone) for 3 days. Only 5 of the 30 patients enrolled had to undergo laparotomy later. The results were compared with those obtained by different surgical procedures during the 2 preceding years. Hysterosalpingography was performed in 12 patients of the prostaglandin treated group and 14 of the surgically treated group. Tubal patency was demonstrated in 11 patients of the PG group but only in two patients of the surgically treated group.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of tubal pregnancy with prostaglandins: a multicenter study].

In this prospective multi-centre-study, the new treatment of tubal pregnancies by means of local prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha and systemic PG E2 application was compared to the usual surgical technique of eliminating the conceptus. In 71 patients treated with PG, the method proved to be successful in 81%; 21 patients (19%) required surgical intervention later. With an initial beta-hCG level of 2500 mIE/ml, the success rate increased to 88%. The duration of hospitalisation was significantly reduced in the PG group compared to the patients treated by primary operation (3 +/- 1 versus 6 +/- 2 days). In the PG-group, only 2 of 24 hysterosalpingograms showed tubal occlusions after treatment, whereas occlusion was present in 3 of 8 patients of the surgically treated group. Four subsequent intrauterine pregnancies in the PG-group occurred compared to none in the surgical group. PG treatment of tubal pregnancy in patients with a low initial beta-hCG value (less than 2500 mIE/ml) revealed promising results with regard to reduced postoperative morbidity and future fertility.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1989

[The course of atrial natriuretic peptide, aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone in normal pregnancy].

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), consisting of 28 aminoacids, is a recently discovered cardiac hormone involved in blood-volume homeostasis. Pregnancy is associated with an increase in blood volume expansion, therefore an increase in ANP-concentration would have been expected. To test this hypothesis ANP, Aldosterone and Vasopressin, concentrations of 229 women with normal pregnancies at different gestational ages were measured and compared with values found in a non-pregnant control group of 24 women. Mean plasma ANP was increased during pregnancy, but significant differences were noted only after 36 weeks of gestation. Also plasma aldosterone increased significantly during pregnancy, whilst vasopressin levels showed no significant change compared to the non-pregnant group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Initial experiences with a levonorgestrel-ethinyl estradiol combination for interception].

Several authors have reported on reliable postcoital contraception, using an estrogen/gestagen combination. These studies in more than a hundred women showed, that the unprotected intercourse in less than 50% took place around ovulation. Pregnancy rates from 0.7 to 2.6% were observed. From October 1987 to July 88, 50 women after unprotected intercourse around ovulation were included in our study. From one to 44 hours after intercourse, 0.5 mg levonorgestrel + 0.1 mg ethinylestradiol (Tetragynon) were administered orally. The same dose was repeated 12 hours later. Cervical secretion, LH- and E2 and P-serum levels at the time of the first administration were determined and side effects and bleeding patterns were registered. In one third of the women, we observed slight side effects. The bleeding resulted 5 to 29 days after the first tablet administration. Shortened menstruation cycles were seen more often than prolonged cycles. Bleeding duration was only slightly prolonged. Two pregnancies occurred - both women vomited immediately after the first medication and disregarded the order to visit our department again as quickly as possible. Tetragynon is not appropriate for regular contraception and should only be used in emergency situations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Is induction of labor indicated in prolonged pregnancy? Results of a prospective randomised trial.

In 345 women with a favorable cervical score at due date, labor was either induced by means of intravaginal application of tablets containing 3 mg of prostaglandin E2 or spontaneous onset of labor was awaited until the 42nd week of pregnancy. Eighty percent of the nulliparae and 96.3% of the multiparae of the induction group gave birth within 24 h of the administration of the first tablet. All pertinent delivery intervals were significantly shorter in this group compared to those women where spontaneous onset of labor was awaited. The rate of operative deliveries was lower in the induction group. With the exception of 1 fetal death 3 days after due date, fetal outcome was excellent in both groups. Elective induction was at least equivalent to awaiting the onset of spontaneous labor and was not associated with higher complication rates due to the method of induction.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Prophylactic perioperative use of clindamycin and metronidazole in vaginal hysterectomy without pelvic floor repair.

We studied the effect of perioperative clindamycin (3 x 600 mg in 100 ml 0.9% saline), metronidazole (3 x 500 mg in 100 ml 0.9% saline) and a placebo (3 x 100 ml of 0.9% saline) in 120 patients having a vaginal hysterectomy without colporrhaphy. The rate of postoperative urinary tract infections was significantly higher in the placebo group, but there was no significant difference between the three groups in the days of postoperative fever (a temperature above 37 degrees C) or in the length of hospital stay. One patient on placebo had a vault infection and another had a fever of unknown origin.

Adult↗