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Biomedical subjects

R Frahm

Publications and source records attributed to R Frahm.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Computerized tomography diagnosis of scaphoid fracture and pseudarthrosis in comparison with roentgen image].

Twenty eight patients with fourteen acute scaphoid fractures and fourteen with scaphoid non-union were examined with standard X-rays in two planes, special scaphoid projections and computed tomography. Nine scaphoid fractures were revealed by both standard X-rays and CT, whereas four fractures could only be detected by CT. Computed tomography should be used when there is clinical suspicion of scaphoid fracture but standard radiographs remain negative. All carpal bones should be examined. Fourteen patients with suspected scaphoid non-union were examined. In twelve patients, scaphoid non-union seemed to be complete in standard X-rays, whereas CT showed a bony bridge between the proximal and distal fragment. Another patient showed bony union. Two patients showed no non-union in standard X-rays. One was confirmed after a Matti-Russe procedure, but the bone graft was dislocated, causing restricted wrist motion. One scaphoid non-union was demonstrated by CT. Two patients showed signs of additional carpal fractures. Diagnostic applications of CT for scaphoid non-union include the determination of the exact location of the fragments and the evaluation of post-traumatic cysts, thus simplifying pre-operative planning.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Computed tomography of the superior and inferior ankle joint].

Computed tomography of the tibotalar and subtaler joints in standardised planes produces comparable images irrespective of examiners. Traumatic, degenerative or neoplastic lesions of the joint surfaces are shown without superimposition. Intraosseous changes can be localised exactly in relation to the joint. Assessment of possible fractures in children is simplified by simultaneous imaging of soft tissues and bone. Diagnosis of traumatic lesions of ligaments or tendons and dislocation of tendons by bone fragments is possible only on CT-images. After injection of air loose intra-articular bodies can be recognised much more satisfactorily with computed tomography than with conventional arthrography.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1991

[Hypersupination dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint after distal radius fracture].

Following an intraarticular distal radius fracture of the scaphoid, scapholunate dissociation and fracture of the ulnar styloid process without dislocation, the distal radius fracture healed with rotational deformity. In the course of conservative treatment, a dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint in locked hypersupination developed. Due to the locked rotational deformity, standard X-rays were difficult to assess. Only with the help of a CAT-scan, were the authors able to visualize the distal radioulnar joint dislocation and later control the postoperative result.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Diagnostic applications of wrist arthrography.

Arthrography of the wrist joint as a dynamic examination aids in confirming lesions of interosseous ligaments of the triangular fibrocartilage complex and soft tissue. The results of arthrography in 185 wrists, classified according to age of patients and pathological disorders with or without trauma demonstrate mostly post-traumatic discus lesions in younger patients. Older patients have an increase in pathological findings with a similar distribution between ligaments and discus. Soft-tissue injuries or discus lesions can be confirmed or excluded before osteoplastic surgery for distal radius fractures or reconstruction of ligaments in cases of carpal instability. Pathological changes of biomechanics of the hand and wrist are noticed more often and consequently are treated surgically. Arthrography of the wrist joint is a valuable means of diagnostic imaging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Computed tomography of the wrist].

CT is a diagnostic tool that allows imaging of the wrist, wrist joint and distal radioulnar joint in the axial plane without superimposition. The differentiation of bone, joint space and soft tissue is possible in a single examination. This is helpful in the diagnosis of traumatic, degenerative or malignant lesions of bones together with the soft tissue reactions. Further information can be obtained by means of three-dimensional reconstructions.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Angular measurements of the hindfoot in CT].

The absence of soft tissue superimposition on bone makes CT greatly superior to conventional radiographs, even using special views, for demonstrating the hind foot. Views derived from both methods are compared. Semicoronary and transverse planes have been defined in relation to specific points in the tarsus. In the semicoronary plane, the calcaneus-valgus angle varies from +10 degrees (valgus) to -10 degrees (varus) and the sustentaculum angle varies from 18 to 28 degrees. In the transverse plane, the plantar talocalcaneal angle is 60 degrees to 70 degrees and the calcaneal-cuboidal angle is 20 degrees to 35 degrees. These values are based on measurements of 62 normal feet. They are valuable for judging quantitatively posttraumatic deformities, displacement of fragments and operative results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Pathologic changes in the hindfoot angle following fracture of the calcaneus].

Forty fractured calcanei (13 without and 27 with involvement of the joint) were examined by CT and the angle of the hind foot measured. Following a typical compression fracture there is a negative calcaneus-valgus angle, i.e. varus deformity of the tuberosity fragment. The sustentaculum angle is increased. There are changes in the talo-calcaneal and calcaneo-cuboidal angles. The length ratio of calcaneus to talus is reduced. Reproducible measurements make it possible to compare the results of operative correction and of changes in shape following conservative treatment, e.g. during weight-bearing.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Adaptive behavior of mature newborn infants following obstetric pain control with peridural fentanyl].

Obstetric pain relief using fentanyl epidurally is a safe and efficient method. In this study the effects of this obstetric analgesia on the adaptation pattern of 26 eutrophic newborns in the first hour of live have been estimated with cardiorespirograph in comparison with a normal groups. We did also determinations of acid-base-balance in arterial blood of umbilical artery and in hyperemic capillary blood of newborns. There were significant differences in basal frequency and the duration till the beginning of resting phase in the cardiorespirogramm. The differences to normal newborns may be correlated to the slight increase of partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the newborns following obstetrical analgesia. During the first hour of life newborns can good compensate. There is no sedation of newborns by fentanyl.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1989

[A case of secondary abdominal pregnancy].

It is reported on a seldom case of ectopic pregnancy. Secondary implantation of pregnancy in the omentum majus after rupture of fallopian tube with acute intraabdominal bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Indications for computerized tomography of the wrist joint and carpal bones].

Twenty-nine patients with thirty-one fractures of the distal radius and persistent pain or disability had computed tomography of the radio-carpal and distal radioulnar joint. We found incongruity of the distal radio-ulnar joint in six patients. Ten patients had a rotational malalignment in supination. Seven patients suffered from rotational malalignment in pronation. The ability to quantify rotational malalignment and to have images of the degenerative arthritis following these disorders without superimposition aids in selecting surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Tuberculous bilocular cystic hygromas of the right hand and forearm].

A rare complication of bone tuberculosis is bicameral hygroma of the hand and forearm. The transverse separation is caused by the retinaculum flexorum. Tendons can be destroyed by inflammatory changes of the synovial fluid. Experience with the few patients treated so far suggests that total extirpation combined with tuberculostatic therapy is necessary for the attainment of a cure.

Forearm↗
PubMed1989

[CT diagnosis of malalignment following distal radius fracture].

Examination of 29 cases of fracture of the distal radius with restricted motion or persistent pain in 22 patients showed that most had been caused by incongruity of the distal radioulnar joint or by rotational malalignment in supination or pronation. Imaging of the distal radioulnar joint without superimposition enables us to detect whether disorders of the joint facets are impeding movement. Exact knowledge of the malalignment aids in the planning of osteoplastic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Radiologic diagnosis following compound fracture of the distal radius with special reference to computed tomography].

After complicated distal radius fractures with persistent symptoms, a variety of radiological methods may be indicated, including plain films, magnification views, examination under stress and arthrography. CT accurately differentiates abnormalities of the distal radio-ulnar joint and aids in deciding on surgical treatment. Demonstration of degenerative changes and of subluxations is much more satisfactory in the third plane, since there is no superimposition.

Elbow Joint↗