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R Freese

Publications and source records attributed to R Freese.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Postprandial changes in platelet function and coagulation factors after high-fat meals with different fatty acid compositions.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the postprandial effects of three oils differing in their fatty acid composition on platelet aggregation and coagulation. The oils studied were low-erucic acid rapeseed oil (RO, oleic acid 54% of fatty acids), sunflower oil (SO, linoleic acid 64% of fatty acids) and butter oil (BO, saturated fatty acids 62% of fatty acids). DESIGN: The postprandial effects of three fat-loads were followed for 5 h. SETTING: Division of Nutrition, University of Helsinki. SUBJECTS: Twelve healthy female subjects (aged 23-38 years) were recruited among university students and employees. INTERVENTIONS: Postprandial lipaemia was induced by high-fat meals containing fat (RO, SO or BO) 1 g/kg of body weight, skim-milk powder, sugar, strawberries, and water. Each subject ingested each meal in three separate mornings after an overnight fast. The order of the meals was randomised. Blood samples were taken before and 1, 2.5, and 5 h after the test meal. RESULTS: All three test meals similarly affected platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma. Aggregation induced by collagen (0.6, 1 and 2.5 micrograms/ml) decreased during the 5-h period after the meals (P = 0.000). ADP-induced aggregation did not change during the follow-up period after any meal (P = 0.105-0.483). All fat loads increased factor VII coagulant activity (F VII:C) (P = 0.000), but in plasma fibrinogen concentration (P = 0.155) or antithrombin III activity (P = 0.278) no postprandial changes were found. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that high-fat meals have acute effects on platelet function and F VII:C in healthy women and that these effects are not mediated through the fatty acid composition of the meals.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Serious crimes during treatment in legal psychiatric commitment (section 63 StGB)].

The analysis of 11 cases of violent offenses committed during hospital order treatment in the Haina Forensic Psychiatric Hospital between 1985 and 1991 showed that biographical and forensic variables are more powerful predictors of dangerousness than treatment and psychopathological data. In more than half of these cases it was at least questionable whether the individuals had been placed correctly inside the hospital order system. In comparison to data found in inmate populations and a new study from North America the question arises as to whether the treatment might not have contributed to increase dangerousness in at least some of our cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of the effects of two diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids differing in their linoleic/alpha-linolenic acid ratio on platelet aggregation.

The effect of dietary linoleic/alpha-linolenic acid ratio on human platelet aggregation in vitro was investigated using low-erucic acid rapeseed oil and high-oleic acid sunflower oil as the major fat sources. In a cross-over study 20 healthy male subjects, average age 29 year (range 20-46 yr), followed experimental rapeseed oil (RO) and Trisun-sunflower oil (TSO) diets after their habitual diet for six weeks. Subjects were provided most of the fat containing foods but were allowed to eat other foods almost freely. Fatty acid compositions of the diets calculated from dietary records were as follows (saturated/monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fatty acids): RO diet 12.4/18.6/8.9% of total energy (en%) (linoleic/alpha-linolenic acid ratio 2.8) and TSO diet 11.8/17.8/8.3 en% (linoleic/alpha-linolenic acid ratio 28), respectively. Plasma cholesterol ester fatty acid composition proved compliance to the experimental diets. Platelet aggregations induced by ADP (1, 2 and 3 microM) or thrombin (0.12, 0.15 and 0.18 NIH/ml) were significantly enhanced and collagen-(1.5, 2.5 and 5.0 micrograms/ml) induced aggregation tended to be enhanced after the TSO diet compared with the RO diet. After the TSO diet platelet aggregation was enhanced from the level of the habitual diets by one thrombin (0.18 NIH/ml), one collagen (1.5 micrograms/ml) and all three ADP concentrations. The diets had no effect on antithrombin III activity. Results show that platelet aggregation in vitro decreases as the ratio of linoleic acid to alpha-linolenic acid decreases in diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1992

Rapeseed oil and sunflower oil diets enhance platelet in vitro aggregation and thromboxane production in healthy men when compared with milk fat or habitual diets.

In this highly controlled trial, 26 normolipidemic men (average age 28 years, range 18 to 60) were fed a baseline diet high in milk fat (MF) (fat 36% of energy, saturates 19%, monounsaturates 11%, polyunsaturates 4%), followed by a diet high in sunflower oil (SO) (fat 38% of energy, saturates 13%, monounsaturates 10%, polyunsaturates 13%) and another diet high in low erucic-acid rapeseed oil (RO) (fat 38% of energy, saturates 12%, monounsaturates 16%, polyunsaturates 8%). All diets were mixed natural diets with the same cholesterol contents. The baseline milk fat diet was given for 14 days and the oil diets for 24 days in a blind cross-over design. The platelet in vitro aggregation (slope %/min) induced by 1, 2 and 3 microM ADP and collagen (25 micrograms/ml PRP) was highly significantly (p less than 0.001) increased after both oil diets when compared with the results from the milk fat diet. The aggregation pattern determined by threshold collagen concentration confirmed increased collagen sensitivity of the platelets after the rapeseed oil diet (p less than 0.001). The enhancement of platelet aggregation was associated with increased in vitro platelet thromboxane production after the oil diets vs. the milk fat diet (p less than 0.05 after the sunflower oil diet and p less than 0.001 after the rapeseed oil diet).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Nyktometric examinations on eye function in diabetic retinopathy (author's transl)].

By means of nyctometry we examinated in a group of normal persons and in a group of juvenile diabetics if the adaptability of the adaptation system in possible under various conditions of initial adaptation. It appears, that nondiabetics possess a sufficiently reactive functional system, while in diabetics, we found a defective functional reaction of the adaptation system because of beginning retinopathy.

Adolescent↗