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Biomedical subjects

R G Green

Publications and source records attributed to R G Green.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Evaluating FACES III and the Circumplex Model: 2,440 families.

Previous evaluations of the Circumplex Model's curvilinear hypothesis using FACES instruments have yielded conflicting results. A review of the different research procedures and samples used in those investigations revealed that none of the studies had samples large and/or heterogenous enough to test the curvilinear hypothesis adequately. The present study evaluates the curvilinear hypothesis of family functioning and the concurrent validity of FACES III with a sample of optimal size (N = 2,440 families) and diversity. The lack of support for the curvilinear hypothesis in this "greenhouse" sample is explained by different findings for the two FACES III subscales. There was no relationship between the study's measures of well-being and the adaptability subscale and a linear relationship between these measures and the cohesion subscale. Implications of these findings for the continuing use of the FACES III and for the Circumplex Model of Marital and Family Systems are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Arthroscopic and endoscopic skills: a method of assessment.

An aptitude test has been designed to assess the psychomotor ability of surgeons under the special conditions and difficulties of endoscopic surgery. Results show increased errors and inferior tracking skill when images are rotated or reflected under test conditions simulating endoscopy. This indicates that more than simple hand-eye co-ordination is required to perform good endoscopic surgery. Interestingly, a proportion of trainee surgeons found adaptation to these altered conditions difficult to master. This aptitude test might usefully identify junior surgeons who would benefit from extra tuition at instructional endoscopic courses. The implications for the selection and training of surgeons are discussed.

Aptitude Tests↗
PubMed1988

Daily relaxation modifies serum and salivary immunoglobulins and psychophysiologic symptom severity.

This study investigated the effect of daily relaxation on concentrations of serum immunoglobulins A, G, and M and secretion rates of salivary immunoglobulin A (S-IgA). Twenty-four volunteers were randomly assigned to practice a relaxation technique daily for 3 weeks and 16 to a waiting list control condition. Blood and saliva samples were collected before and after a supervised 20-min relaxation session at the beginning and end of the 3-week practice period. S-IgA secretion rate increased significantly (p less than .001) after 20 min of relaxation. A longer-term practice effect also occurred in that the increase in secretion rate in "before to after" relaxation samples was higher (p = .014) in subjects who had practiced relaxation once a day for 3 weeks than in waiting list control subjects practicing for the first time. Serum IgA (p less than .001), IgG (p less than .001), and igM (p less than .05) increased significantly over the 3-week practice period. Relaxation may be a self-regulating strategy affecting both humoral and cellular divisions of the immune system.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The Beavers-Timberlawn model of family competence and the circumplex model of family adaptability and cohesion: separate, but equal?

An empirical examination of the association between instruments measuring the Beavers-Timberlawn Model of family competence and the Circumplex Model of adaptability and cohesion is presented. Even when triangulated measures were utilized to control for the divergent methods of data collection traditionally employed to operationalize these models of family health, family competence as measured by the Beavers-Timberlawn Family Evaluation Scales was either minimally (mothers) or not associated at all (fathers and children) with balanced and thereby optimal dimensions of adaptability and cohesion as measured by the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales. Methodological and substantive explanations for the surprising lack of association between measures of these two prominent family assessment models are explored and short- and long-range implications for the growth and practice of family therapy are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Stress and accidents.

Three types of stress are described: environmental stress, acute reactive stress, and domestic or life stress. Each of these is discussed and the evidence relating the stress to accidents is evaluated. This evidence is drawn from laboratory experiments, surveys, and accident and incident reports. It is concluded that there is good reason to link some forms of stress with accidents; possible ameliorative measures are suggested.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1985

The effects of mild hypoxia on a logical reasoning task.

In an attempt to replicate the findings of Crow and Kelman (1969) and Denison et al. (1966), which suggest that the performance of novel tasks can be impaired at altitudes below 3,050 m, 150 subjects were divided into five independent groups and their performance tested on a logical reasoning task. One group was tested at ground level in a lecture room; the remaining groups were tested in a decompression chamber, one at 305 m, one at 2,440 m, one at 3,050 m and one at 3,660 m. Significant differences were identified between the 'lecture room' and 'chamber' groups in both speed of work and error rate (p less than 0.05); this finding is interpreted as the effect of apprehension on the naive subjects. A significant difference was found between the group tested at 3660 m and the remaining groups for error rate (p less than 0.05); this finding is interpreted as the effect of apprehension on the naive subjects. A significant difference was found between the group tested at 3660 m and the remaining groups for error rate (p less than 0.05) but not for speed of work. However, no effect of altitude on the way in which the task was learned could be demonstrated.

Altitude↗
PubMed1979

Pupillary responses to pictures and descriptions of sex-stereotyped stimuli.

An attempt was made to replicate Hess and Polt's (1960) report of sex differences in pupillary responses to sex-stereotyped pictures. Some methodological refinements were used that seem desirable for future studies. College men and women were either shown or told they would be shown pictures of a semi-nude man, a semi-nude woman, a baby, and a landscape. With resting pupil size as covariate, a three-factor analysis of covariance did not show sex differences in response to visually presented stimuli. Men responded more to verbal than visual mode of presentation and more than women to verbal stimuli. Contrary to previous results, men responded as much or more than women to verbal or visual presentation of baby stimuli. The verbal or anticipatory mode seems to be at least as sensitive as the visual and eliminates problems of control of visual materials.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1979

Effect of induced cyclic changes of deep body temperature on task performances.

Performance of three tests was studied during induced cycles of deep body temperature between limits of 37.8 degrees C and 38.9 degrees C. During heating phases skin temperature was 38.8 degrees C and during cooling it was 36.1 degrees C. A verbal transformation test, performed at the midpoint of each temperature cycle, showed no significant effect from the large differences in skin temperature and subjective comfort between heating and cooling. The test was considered to be insufficiently difficult. A pursuit rotor test and a colour/word interference test, performed at the end of the heating and cooling phases, showed mean decrements in performance of 15% and 4%, respectively. These results are related to the measured levels of deep body and skin temperature and to subjective assessments of comfort.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Joint Committee on Aviation Pathology: V. The psychologist and flying accidents.

Flying accidents which are caused by human factors short-comings are an area of legitimate concern to the psychologist. This paper briefly reviews and assesses some of the ways in which psychologists have attempted to tackle the problems in terms of personality, skill, and environmental and domestic stress. It is suggested that the evidence is such as to suggest that it is not any single one, but the various possible combinations of these factors which are important.

Accident Proneness↗