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Biomedical subjects

R G Hahn

Publications and source records attributed to R G Hahn.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

An evaluation of early or delayed adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer undergoing oophorectomy.

We treated randomly 75 premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer with combination chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide and prednisone), either as an early adjunct to oophorectomy or as a delayed treatment upon appearance of progressive metastatic disease after operation. The group receiving early systemic chemotherapy enjoyed an improved response rate, an improved survival rate and, most importantly, an improved progression-free interval (median of 53 versus 17 weeks). With the exclusion of the group with early (within three weeks after oophorectomy) progression, the progression-free intervals had a median duration of 77 weeks in the early-treatment group versus 33 weeks in the control group. The early-progression group did exceedingly poorly, although systemic chemotherapy was employed at that juncture, having a median survival of 22 weeks as compared to 144 weeks in the immediate-treatment group and 105 weeks in the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A phase II study of triazinate (NSC 139105) in advanced colorectal carcinoma.

Triazinate (Baker's Antifol, NSC 139105) was given to 28 patients as a single agent in the chemotherapy of advanced colerectal carcinoma. The dosage utilized was 250 mg/m2 intravenously, administered daily in three consecutive days. Patients were evaluated at three weeks, six weeks, and then monthly until progression was evident. Various immunologic determinants (i.e., DNCB sensitization, immunoglobulins, recall skin tests, lymphocyte blastogenesis, and circulating lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells) were obtained prior to treatment and at each re-evaluation. The principal side effects were dermatitis, stomatitis, diarrhea, nausea, somnolence, and leukopenia. There was no discernable effect of Triazinate on the immunologic determinants tested. There was one complete response, and four partial responses, for an objective regression rate of 18%. This study suggests that Triazinate has a definite, though limited, effect on advanced colorectal carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

A clinical trial adriamycin (NSC 123127) in advanced sarcomas.

22 patients with advanced sarcomas received adriamycin, 20--25 mg/m2/day for three days each three weeks. Two patients manifested objective response for a median of five months. Eight patients had stable disease for a median of three months. Nausea and vomiting occurred in 21 of 22 patients; leukopenia in eleven of 22; thrombocytopenia in four of 22. There was no clinically significant cardiotoxicity. Our study indicates that this regimen for adriamycin was relatively ineffective in the management of these inoperable or metastatic malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Clinical comparison of adriamycin and a combination of methyl-CCNU and imidazole carboxamide in disseminated malignant melanoma.

The effects of adriamycin were compared to a combination program of methyl-CCNU and imidozole carboxamide (DTIC) in 44 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma. There were objective clinical responses in 6 of 21 patients with the combination of DTIC and methyl-CCNU who received this program as primary treatment and none in 23 patients receiving adriamycin as primary treatment. Secondary responses were not observed with either treatment regimen. Toxicity with the combination program included leukocyte depression (less than 3,000/cu mm) in 25% and platelet depression (less than 100,000/cu mm) in 40% compared to 52% leukocyte depression and 16% platelet depression after adriamycin. There were no responses after the combination treatment program in the absence of myelosuppression. There was nausea and vomiting in virtually all patients, which was moderately severe in one third of the patients receiving the combination and in only 10% of those receiving adriamycin. Alopecia developed in all who received adriamycin but in only 15% of the combination treatment group. The combination treatment response of 28% was of the same order as most response rates previously reported in this disease. This randomized controlled clinical trail found adriamycin without clinical benefit and not worthy of further trial in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Phase I study of a five-day intermittent schedule for 1,2:5,6-dianhydrogalactitol (NSC-132313).

Because 1,2:5,6-dianhydrogalactitol (NSC-132313 (DAG; the main conversion reaction product of the treatment of dibromodulcitol by mild akali or human serum) showed considerable antitumor activity in various mouse and rat tumor systems, a phase I study in 50 patients was conducted with five daily iv treatments repeated every 6 weeks. Thrombocytopenia was the dose-limiting toxicity. At a dose of 40 mg/m2/day for 5 days, the median platelet nadir was 31,000/mm3 and occurred on day 20; the plate count returned to normal within 8 days. At the same dose, the median white blood cell (WBC) nadir was 2,300/mm3 also on day 20-, the WBC count returned to normal within 7 days. Anemia, nausea, and vomiting were usually mild to moderate. No renal, hepatic, central nervous system, cardiac, or pulmonary toxicity was identified. Antitumor effects of DAG were observed in patients with renal, bladder, and small-cell lung cancers. An iv dose of 20-30 mg/m2/day for 5 consecutive days, repeated every 5-6 weeks, was recommended for phase II studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Phase II studies of dianhydrogalactitol and VP-16-213 in colorectal cancer.

Phase II chemotherapy trials of dianhydrogalactitol and VP-16-213 were conducted in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had measurable malignant disease which served as indicators of response to therapy. Dianhydrogalactitol was given in a 5-day course at a dosage of 30 mg/m2/day. Toxic reactions included nausea, vomiting, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. There was a definite tendency to a compounding of hematologic toxicity with repeated courses. No evidence of objective therapeutic response was observed among 30 patients treated. VP-16-213 was given at a dosage of 130 mg/m2 on Days 1, 3, and 5. Toxic reactions included nausea, vomiting, alopecia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. Hematologic toxicity was more severe in patients with elevated serum bilirubin levels. No evidence of objective therapeutic response was observed among 28 patients treated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

A double-blind comparison of intensive course 5-flourouracil by oral vs. intravenous route in the treatment of colorectal carcinoma.

This radomized double-blind study was designed to compare the therapeutic effectiveness of the oral and i.v. routes for 5-FU administered in intensive courses to 100 patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the large bowel, treated to equivalent levels of toxicity. An oral dose of 20 mg/kg day times 5 was found to produce comparable G.I., mucocutaneous, and hematologic side effects to a dose of 13.5 mg/kg day times 5 by rapid i.v. injection. Courses were repeated at 5 weeks. Nine of 47, or 19.1%, treated by the oral route have shown objective response, compared to 14 of 53, or 26%, treated by the i.v. route. If malignant hepatomegaly is considered alone, the response rates are 8 of 23, or 34.8%, by the oral route, and 7 of 22, or 31.8%, by the i.v. route. The mean duration of response for the oral group, 11.1 weeks, was shorter than for the i.v. route, 20 weeks, a statistically significant (p less than 0.02) difference. Serial serum 5-FU levels after two doses of 5-FU were determined by microbiological assay in 19 patients. For i.v. administration the curves were comparable among different patients as well as in the same patient. There was striking variability, however, for oral administration.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

An analysis of a multiple-drug program in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer utilizing 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone with or without vincristine.

Ninety patients with advanced breast cancer received a polychemotherapeutic program composed of 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone with or without vincristine as a control group in a series of four consecutive Phase II clinical trials of new drug programs. Objective regression rates were 59% without vincristine and 46% with vincristine. Projected mean length of regressions exceeds 1 year. Site of dominant disease, disease-free interval, or performance scale score (if score was 0, 1, or 2, ECOG scale) failed to influence response rates; decreasing response rates were noted as the length of time increased after menopause. No advantage existed in patients experiencing severe myelosuppression (nadir leukocyte count of less than 1,500/mm), and appreciable response rates occurred without significant myelosuppression. The addition of vincristine to the regimen failed to increase the response rates, and only increased toxicity. The program as outlined is reasonably tolerable and effective for this group of patients with advanced breast cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1975

Oral benzquinamide in the treatment of nausea and vomiting.

The clinical antiemetic effect of bezquinamide by oral route at a dosage of 100 mg 3 times daily was evaluated by a controlled double-blind method in 183 studies of patients treated with 5-fluorouracil. The incidence of nausea and vomiting in benzquinamide-treated patients was equal to that in placebo-treated patients and significantly higher than that in patients treated with prochlorperazine, 10 mg 3 times daily. Sedation was the only significant side effect observed, and this occurred at essentially equal rates in benzquinamide- and prochlorperazine-treated patients.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1975

Therapy of advanced colorectal cancer with a combination of 5-fluorouracil, methyl-1,3-cis(2-chlorethyl)-1-nitrosourea, and vincristine.

In a randomized, controlled study of 80 patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma, the combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), methyl-1, 3-cis(2-chlorethyl)-1-nitrosourea, and vincristine produced an overall degree to toxicity comparable to that of 5-FU used alone. At 10 weeks, a positive objective response rate of 43.5% was observed with the three-drug combination compared to 19.5% with 5-FU alone (P less than 0.5).

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1975

Clinical studies of methanol extraction residue fraction of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin as an immunostimulant in patients with advanced cancer.

Forty patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, all previous chemotherapy failures, were treated with a methanol extraction residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (MER) alone, administered intradermally in either weekly or every-4-week schedules. The only significant side effect was local cutaneous reaction ranging from papules through pustules to draining ulcerations. On the weekly schedule these reactions frequently reached a point of clinical intolerability. In spite of the advanced nature of their disease, 29% of the patients had increased reactivity to recall antigens; 57% showed an increased reaction to dinitrochlorobenzene challenge during MER therapy; 38% had significant increases in lymphocyte blastogenesis to phytohemagglutinin mitogen, 48% to concanavalin A, and 43% to pokeweed mitogen. Increases (greater than 25%) in immunoglobulins A, M, and G were also observed in 31, 41, and 28% of patients, respectively. MER therapy was associated with increased thymus-derived (T) and bone marrow-derived (B) cells and an increased ratio of T-cells to B-cells. Increases in those determinants reflecting cellular immunity (skin tests, phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A blastogenesis, and T-cells) showed a positive correlation with patient survival. Increases in those determinants associated with humoral immunity (pokeweed mitogen blastogenesis, immunoglobulins, and B-cells) had, if anything, a negative survival correlation. In comparing administration schedules, the weekly method produced more frequent increases in dinitrochlorobenzene response, more rapid increases with higher peaks in lymphocyte blastogenesis transformation, and more frequent increases in circulating T- and B-cells. The every-4-week method was associated with significantly greater frequencies of increases in immunoglobulins A and M. Of 36 patients with measurable disease, 3 showed greater than 50% objective responses, 2 showed a 25 to 50% response, and 1 showed a mixed response. MER is a potent simulus to cellular and humoral immunity in the patient with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. This stimulation may occasionally result in a clinically evident antineoplastic effect.

Adult↗