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R G Strauss

Publications and source records attributed to R G Strauss.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A statistical model for estimating donor postdonation platelet counts after plateletpheresis.

BACKGROUND: To avoid the need, in serial apheresis donors, either to delay plateletpheresis until a predonation platelet count is completed or to obtain a postdonation count after each procedure, a statistical model has been developed to predict the postdonation platelet count from the donor predonation platelet count, weight, and hematocrit. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Predonation and postdonation platelet counts were measured in two groups of approximately 100 consecutive donors (Group A to test the model and Group B to validate it), and the postdonation counts were calculated with the model. Using stepwise multiple linear regression from donor data, estimated postdonation platelet counts were found to be comparable to the postdonation platelet counts actually measured. RESULTS: Estimated postdonation platelet counts x 10(9) per L (mean +/- SD) for each group, respectively, were Group A, 195 +/- 35, versus actual platelet counts of 195 +/- 39 (p = 0.43), and Group B, 183 +/- 36, versus actual platelet counts of 189 +/- 34 (p = 0.14). Sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were Group A, 57 and 99 percent and Group B, 62 and 99 percent. CONCLUSION: For most serial apheresis donors, application of this predictor model should preclude the need to obtain an extra postdonation platelet count.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1994

Concurrent comparison of the safety of paid cytapheresis and volunteer whole-blood donors.

BACKGROUND: Historically, paid blood donors were found to transmit hepatitis at higher rates than volunteers. In those older studies, paid donors frequently were recruited from prisons or slum areas--a finding consistent with the belief that monetary payment in itself did not necessarily lead to the high-risk status of commercial blood. Instead, it was the population base from which the donors were recruited that was important. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Today, cytapheresis donors are in great demand. Because payment is one incentive that might entice donors to undertake the increased commitment of repeated cytapheresis donation, the results were studied of infectious disease history and laboratory testing performed concurrently in 917 volunteer whole-blood donors and 1240 paid cytapheresis donors, who were enrolled in distinct programs at the DeGowin Blood Center from October 7, 1987, through November 30, 1990. RESULTS: When first, repeat, and overall donations made by these donors were evaluated separately, paid cytapheresis donors were found to exhibit no increase in infectious disease history or test results beyond those of volunteer whole-blood donors. CONCLUSION: Thus, paid cytapheresis donors, when managed within a formal program, should not necessarily be presumed to be more dangerous than volunteers, from an infectious disease aspect. However, definitive proof of safety (comparison of transfusion-transmitted infection rates in two groups of patients receiving blood components exclusively from either paid cytapheresis or volunteer donors) was not pursued by long-term follow-up studies.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1994

Granulocyte transfusion therapy.

Although the efficacy of therapeutic granulocyte transfusions as treatment for progressive infections in severely neutropenic patients is supported by the medical literature, this form of therapy is not widely accepted because it has been extremely difficult to transfuse an adequate dose of compatible granulocytes. Recently, the possibility has been raised to greatly increase the number of granulocytes collected by stimulating normal donors with recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Accordingly, it is reasonable to reassess the possible role for granulocyte transfusions as therapy for progressive bacterial, yeast, and fungal infections.

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of plateletpheresis with a standard and an improved collection device.

A blood cell separator with a specialized separation chamber ([TNX-6]CS-3000 Plus) was developed for the collection of platelet concentrates with higher platelet yields and lower white cell contamination than obtained with the standard blood cell separator (CS-3000). To compare these devices, normal donors were scheduled for paired plateletpheresis procedures spaced 4 weeks apart, with one procedure using the CS-3000 Plus and the other using the CS-3000. Overall, the platelet yield per unit (mean +/- SEM) was 4.3 +/- 0.1 x 10(11) with the CS-3000 Plus versus 3.7 +/- 0.1 x 10(11) with the CS-3000 (p < 0.001), and the white cell contamination per unit (mean +/- SEM) with the former was 2.4 +/- 0.7 x 10(6) versus 84.1 +/- 21.1 x 10(6) with the latter (p < 0.001). The sequence of procedures (i.e., the order in which the devices were paired) was selected randomly, and similar results were found regardless of sequence. When donors with predonation platelet counts of > or = 200 x 10(9) per L (n = 21) were studied separately, 76 percent of the collections by the CS-3000 Plus contained > or = 4 x 10(11) platelets versus 34 percent of those by the CS-3000 (p < 0.01), and 93 percent of the collections by the former contained < 5 x 10(6) white cells (69% contained < 1 x 10(6)) versus 0 percent of those by the latter (p < 0.01). Thus, platelet collections with the TNX-6 chamber consistently demonstrated high platelet yields and strikingly low white cell contamination--qualities that justify converting standard devices to devices with a TNX-6 chamber.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1993

National acceptability of American Association of Blood Banks Pediatric Hemotherapy Committee guidelines for auditing pediatric transfusion practices.

In 1989, guidelines for the auditing of pediatric transfusion practices were developed by the Pediatric Hemotherapy Committee of the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) and made available to AABB members. A survey of members who requested the guidelines was conducted to determine how consistent the guidelines were with local transfusion practices and how useful they were for the conduct of audits. The majority of respondents indicated that the recommended audit criteria agreed with local practices and that most of them could be applied to their transfusion practice audits with little or no modification. An exception was that criteria for the transfusion of platelets to premature infants were considered by some to be too liberal. However, after review of the comments and the published information available, the committee elected not to revise the guidelines pertaining to platelet transfusions for premature infants. Bearing in mind that audit criteria are intended to identify circumstances in which transfusions are acceptable as reasonable therapy without need for further justification, rather than to serve as indications for transfusions, the AABB Pediatric Hemotherapy Committee guidelines for auditing pediatric transfusion practices are fairly representative of national practice.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed1993

Efficacy of preoperative donation of blood for autologous use in radical prostatectomy.

To determine the amount of blood lost, the number of transfusions, and the effectiveness of preoperative autologous blood donation in radical prostatectomy, 163 patients' records from 1987 to 1991 were reviewed at four university hospitals and three community hospitals. Calculated red cell volume lost was 1003 +/- 535 mL (mean +/- SD), which corresponds to 44 +/- 18 percent (mean +/- SD) of total red cell volume. Preoperative donation of blood for autologous use reduced the rate of transfusion of allogeneic blood from 66 to 20 percent (p < 0.001). Of the patients who donated 1 to 2 units, 32 percent received allogeneic blood; 14 percent of those who donated 3 units received allogeneic blood. Donation of 4 units reduced the allogeneic transfusion rate to 11 percent. However, as the number of units donated increased (1-3 units), the units not transfused also increased (0-21%). Ninety-one (56%) of 163 patients donated fewer than 3 units. Autologous blood donation is effective in minimizing the transfusion of allogeneic blood to radical prostatectomy patients, but many patients do not donate enough blood (< 3 units). The donation of 3 units of blood for autologous use is recommended for patients who undergo radical prostatectomy.

Aged↗