PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Günther

Publications and source records attributed to R Günther.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Psychomotor disturbances in psychiatric patients as a possible basis for new attempts at differential diagnosis and therapy. V. Evaluation of psychomotor training programs in depressed patients.

Parts I-III of this series used psychometric assessment of motor performance in psychiatric patients and indicated a "psychotic-motor syndrome" (PMS) in schizophrenic and affective psychoses, which was not found in "neurotic"/reactive or healthy persons. Part IV yielded signs of concomitant brain dysfunction in these patients, demonstrated by EEG mapping as well as other (SPECT/PET) neuroimaging methods. Apart from this "basic science" interest into the pathophysiology of endogenous psychoses we engaged in the development of motor training programs using the PMS as "target" syndrome. We hypothesized, that motor training would not only improve disturbed motor behaviour, but ameliorate other symptoms of psychopathology also. These assumptions were supported in the first two independent studies involving n = 45 and n = 31 ICD-9 mono- and/or bipolar endogenous depressed patients, respectively (the studies on schizophrenic patients being reported finally as part VI of this series, along with the final version of our modified motor test battery). Examples of the motor training programs are provided in this paper, although the final version of the complete programs will be published separately for space reasons and for better availability for routine clinical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae TRG1 gene is essential for growth and encodes a lumenal endoplasmic reticulum glycoprotein involved in the maturation of vacuolar carboxypeptidase.

We have isolated and mapped to the left end of chromosome III a single-copy gene (TRG1) encoding a 72-kDa glycoprotein, by screening a yeast genomic library with a DNA probe specifying the catalytic center (APWCGHCK) of thioredoxin-related proteins. the TRG1 gene sequence predicts an amino-terminal leader peptide, two thioredoxin-like domains, five N-glycosylation sites and a carboxyl-terminal HDEL retention signal. The TRG1 protein shows about equal sequence similarity to a mammalian multifunctional protein family residing in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and to a putative cytosolic alpha form of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C. Haploid cells do not survive TRG1 gene disruptions, unless an additional wild-type copy is generated by interchromosomal transposition. Antibodies raised against synthetic amino- and carboxyl-terminal epitopes recognize a pair of lumenl ER glycoproteins (gp70/72) and a cytosolic 48-kDa protein. A 1.8-kilobase TRG1 transcript was translated by a reticulocyte lysate into a 60-kDa protein, which was translocated and processed to a 72-kDa glycoprotein in the presence of ER membrane vesicles. The TRG1 gene was placed under the control of the galactose-inducible and glucose-repressible GAL1 promoter, leading to growth arrest in glucose media. Glucose repression of the TRG1 gene caused the disappearance of gp72 and the accumulation of procarboxypeptidase. Our data indicate that the TRG1 gene encodes a growth essential lumenal ER glycoprotein involved the maturation of vacuolar carboxypeptidase.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Percutaneous ureteral occlusion. Methods, results, problems].

One hundred and nineteen transrenal occlusions of 77 ureters were carried out in 71 patients. Thirty-one ureters were occluded by means of glue and in 21 Gianturco coils were introduced at the same time. Forty-six ureters were occluded by means of disposable silicone-filled latex balloons. Seventeen out of 31 ureters treated with glue (55%) and 32 out of 46 ureters with balloons (70%) were permanently occluded. On 42 occasions, re-occlusions had to be carried out, the average period from the initial occlusion being 2.5 weeks for glue and 19.5 weeks for balloons. In nine out of the 119 ureteric occlusions (7.5%), there were mild complications; these were easily treated and were of no consequence to the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Two germ cell lineages with genomes of different species in one and the same animal.

Cytological evidence for two germ cell lineages, each with the DNA-content of one of the parental species only, was obtained for certain males of the hybridogenic water frog Rana esculenta (R. ridibunda x R. lessonae) by means of DNA flow cytometry. The approach was based on the 16 +/- 2% difference in the DNA-content of genomes of the parental species. Two types of germ cells were observed in six out of 39 males studied from populations where such males did exist. The term 'hybrid amphispermy' is proposed for the phenomenon. Occurrence of the 'hybrid amphispermy' suggests that the direction of elimination (i.e., which genome being eliminated) is determined in R. esculenta by the relative activity of putative elimination-inducing factor(s) in each of the parental genomes, which can alternate from cell to cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Genome elimination in diploid and triploid Rana esculenta males: cytological evidence from DNA flow cytometry.

Cytological aspects of hemiclonal (meroclonal) inheritance in diploid and triploid males of the hybridogenetic frog Rana esculenta (Rana ridibunda x Rana lessonae) have been studied by DNA flow cytometry. The fact that the R. ridibunda genome contains 16% more DNA than the R. lessonae genome provides the ability to discern cells containing genomes of any species from the water-frog complex under study. Data are presented showing that elimination of the R. ridibunda genome occurs in hybridogenetic males from certain populations. In triploid males, the cytogenetic mechanism of hemiclonal inheritance is simpler than in diploids: after the elimination of a genome (always the genome in the minority in the triploid set; "homogenizing elimination"), no compensatory duplication of the remaining genetic material is necessary, as it is in diploids. The process of elimination can be visualized in triploid males by using DNA flow cytometry to identify cells in the special phase of the spermatogonial cell cycle that we termed the E phase.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Shielded vaginal applicators for line-shaped 192Ir sources for use in the irradiation of cervix cancer].

The possibility is investigated to use shielded vaginal applicators for "line-shaped" 192Ir-sources to irradiate cervical carcinoma. Using segment-shaped absorbers of heavy metal the dose can be reduced in ventro-dorsal direction in area of rectum and bladder with irradiation of cervical carcinoma up to a factor of 2 in dependence of rectum and bladder position. Selecting a suitable source position and source standing time a dose reduction can be realized in cranial direction up to two centimetres from the portio.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of early biologic and psychosocial risk factors on mental performance and disease-promoting behavior of adult medical patients].

UNLABELLED: Early biological and social risks were related to measures of cognitive functioning and illness behaviour in adult patients. RESULTS: 1. Self-reported data on risks in early developmental stages are consistent with longitudinal data and theoretical assumptions. 2. Patients with biological risks show deficits in fluid abilities and signs of mild cerebral insufficiency. 3. Socially handicapped patients tend to coronary-prone behaviour and report more emotional strain while coping with complex problems.

Arousal↗
PubMed1990

[Cognitive structure and risk of myocardial infarct].

In a psychophysiological experiment with 18 patients with cardiovascular disorders but without infarction we proved the influence of habituallized cognitive structures on reactivity under mental load. We used the concepts of different causal attribution (Explanatory style: Peterson and Seligman) and psychic regulation of activity and action (Activity style: Günther). It can be shown that patients with pessimistic explanatory style as well as with diffuse psychic activity control show coronary-prone reaction patterns under load (indicators: cortisol and triglycerids in serum).

Arousal↗
PubMed1979

[Adrenal and extra-adrenal phaeochromocytoma: diagnostic features and localisation by determining plasma catecholamines (author's transl)].

Urinary catecholamines and urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid confirmed the diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma in ten patients. In two of seven a modified glucagon test significantly aided confirmation of the diagnosis. In all patients the tumour was localised both by catecholamine determination in blood from the vein draining into the inferior vena cava (IVC) and by adrenal phlebography. Site of the adrenal tumour was definitively determined by the high catecholamine level in the adrenal veins and by phlebography. Three extra-adrenal tumours, a thoracic and two abdominal ones, were localised by high catecholamine levels in blood from other veins draining into the IVC. Vanillylmandelic acid determinaion was unreliable in the diagnosis of small phaeochromocytomas.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[Percutaneous drainage of the biliary tract by means of a fine needle (author's transl)].

Temporary pre-operative and post-operative as well as permanent palliative percutaneous biliary-tract drainage was performed in 12 patients with biliary tract obstruction; in three the drainage was internal and in nine external. Main indication of the method is permanent palliative decompression in cases of inoperable malignant tumour with obstructive jaundice. Pre-operatively, percutaneous biliary tract drainage serves as a temporary measure in order to perform an operation after decompression of the biliary tract and improving the patient's general condition. The only serious complication was biliary peritonitis after a drainage catheter had slipped out.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1979

Effect of cryptands on cardiac Purkinje fibres.

Cryptands are possibly useful synthetical models for passive ion carriers in biomembranes. Five mainly Na+ and K+ complex forming cryptands were studied in cardiac Purkinje fibres by means of standard microelectrode technique. Even at high concentrations the cryptands 22, 221 and 222 showed no effect. Possibly they are not lipophilic enough to accumulate within the membrane. The more lipophilic cryptands 222B and 222D caused a decrease of overshoot and maximal rate of rise (Vmax), a pronounced loss of plateau and a shortening of the action potential, while the resting potential was only slightly depolarized. 222B made some fibres inexcitable at normal resting potentials; only by increase in stimulation voltage a regular response was obtained. After about 20 min both cryptands (5 x 10(-5) mol/l) depolarized the fibres leading to irreversible inexcitability. The availability of the fast sodium current ("h infinity"-curve) was measured using Weidmann's (1955) technique. With 222B the h infinity-curve-showed a shift in the hyperpolarizing direction, and the maximal Vmax was diminished.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1979

Maleic acid induced aminoaciduria, studied by free flow micropuncture and continuous microperfusion.

The injection of 200 mg/kg BW maleic acid was found to be a suitable dose for exploring the experimental Fanconi syndrome by micropuncture techniques in rats. In clearance experiments, the fractional excretion of glycine, L-alanine, L-aspartate and taurine was measured. After intraperitoneal administration of maleic acid the excretion of these amino acids was increased in the range between the 20-fold and the 230-fold. Free flow micropuncture experiments showed that the reabsorption of these amino acids is reduced drastically along the whole proximal tubule. Continuous microperfusion experiments lead to the result that, in maleic acid pretreated rats, the reabsorption of 14C-glycine from the proximal convolution was strongly inhibited. It was found, furthermore, that after blocking the saturable glycine transport by L-phenylalanine, the remaining reabsorption of glycine (corresponding to passive diffusion) was exactly the same with and without maleic acid. Microinfusion experiments with 8 mumol.1(-1) L-3H-alanine into the early distal tubule showed a fractional recovery of 103 +/- 4.2% (S.D.) in the control and of 101 +/- 6.5% in presence of maleic acid. It is concluded that maleic acid inhibits the saturable reabsorption mechanism of amino acids along the proximal tubule. Passive permeability of the tubular membrane does not seem to be altered by maleic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of liver haemodynamics by spleno-portography in portal hypertension (author's transl)].

In 68 patients arterial and portal blood flow were measured by angiodensitometry in the course of routine, indirect splenoportography. Results were compared with those already published, with investigations of a model and with animal experiments. It was shown that, given certain underlying conditions, reliable results can be obtained even in the presence of a pulsatile flow and incomplete contrast mixing. Compared with other procedures, the method has the advantage of providing a complete picture of liver haemodynamics in the course of routine splenoportography in a simple way and without affecting the patient further. As a result the indications for performing a shunt and the choice of the shunt technique can be more accurately determined.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1979

[Percutaneous nephropyelostomy in children (author's transl)].

Percutaneous nephropyelostomy with a fine needle technique was performed successfully in 20 out of 21 children with urinary tract obstruction. The procedure was of value in assessing the recovery of renal function and for measuring perfusion pressure. As a therapeutic measure the method was used to preoperatively in children who were severly ill, and post-operatively for the treatment of complications after surgery on the urinary tract. A complication seen in two children was repeated dislodgement of the catheter.

Age Factors↗