PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Gamoletti

Publications and source records attributed to R Gamoletti.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Surgical treatment of brain herniation into the middle ear and mastoid.

A series of thirty-five patients operated on for brain herniation into the middle ear and mastoid is presented. The etiologic factor was felt to be previous surgery in twenty-six cases, head trauma in four cases, chronic otomastoiditis in four cases, congenital dehiscence of the tegmen in one case, and subdural empyema in one case. Diagnosis and treatment of brain herniation are discussed. The mastoid approach for repair of tegmen defects from below with the use of homologous cartilage or autologous cortical bone is advocated. A combined procedure using the transmastoid approach plus a mini-craniotomy of the temporalis squama is suggested as an alternative treatment to middle cranial fossa repair for larger cerebral hernias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Unilateral seizures following vincristine intravenous injection.

A case of acute central nervous system toxicity following the intravenous injection of vincristine was observed in a patient treated with a chemotherapy regimen including cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisone for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The neurological symptoms consisted of right-sided epileptiform jacksonian seizures limited to the face, that lasted about 10 min, followed by spontaneous recovery. A cerebrospinal fluid study and computed tomographic scan of the brain failed to reveal any central nervous system lymphomatous involvement.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Failures with Plasti-Pore ossicular replacement prostheses.

Plasti-Pore ossicular prosthesis failures found in our series of 246 patients with regular follow-up are reported and analyzed. Extrusions as well as poor functional results (postoperative air-bone gap greater than 25 dB) of the prostheses with and without cartilage on top have been reviewed. The overall extrusion rate was 9.3%: a higher extrusion rate occurred with prostheses without cartilage (18.4%) than with cartilage (4.4%). Thirty-six patients among those with poor postoperative hearing improvement have undergone revision surgery: the main causes of failure were a short prosthesis, a fixed stapes or footplate, adhesions of the prosthesis to surrounding structures, and the displacement of the prosthesis.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1984

Histology of extruded Plasti-Pore ossicular prostheses.

Twenty-three Plasti-Pore ossicular prostheses removed from the human middle ear following partial or total extrusion were investigated by light microscopy. No specific tissue reaction other than the ingrowth of histiocytic cells elicited from the porous Plasti-Pore was found. The only histologic feature typical of extruded prostheses was the presence of granulocytes in all parts extruded. In our opinion this finding was the inflammatory reaction following the ischemic necrosis of tissue grown inside the pores and the superimposed bacterial colonization. We concluded that no histologic feature supports a biologic cause of extrusion, and that extrusion instead is related to biofunctional characteristics.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1982

Regenerated middle ear mucosa after tympanoplasty.

The surgeon's attitude towards the diseased middle ear mucosa during intact canal wall tympanoplasty has remained a controversial problem. Our approach consists of the complete removal of the irreversibly diseased mucosal lining. A planned staged operation has been carried out in most cases of tympanoplasty with the use of Silastic sheeting. At the time of the second operation, the middle ear and mastoid process appear to be lined by the regenerated mucosa and pneumatized. 54 mucosal biopsies taken during the second stage of the operation showed a normal flat, cuboidal and pseudostratified ciliated epithelium with functional features (secretory granules, microvilli and cilia). It is concluded that the diseased middle ear mucosa can be removed whenever necessary during staged closed-tympanoplasty operations because under the Silastic sheeting the mucosa will be regenerated within 12 months.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

Enhanced biofunctionality of plastipore ossicular prostheses with the use of homologous cartilage.

Functional results with Plastipore prostheses inserted in 150 staged intact canal wall tympanoplasties at our Clinic are reported. Two groups of patients have been reviewed: The first group consists of those cases in which the prosthesis is directly in contact with the tympanic graft (77 cases); the second one comprises all cases with interposition of homologous cartilage between the head of the prosthesis and the tympanic graft (73 cases). The aim of this article is to see whether extrusion rate and audiometric and impedance result differences exist between the two groups. We have found a 15.4 percent extrusion rate in the group without cartilage but only a 1.9 percent rate in the group with cartilage (9.3 percent is the overall extrusion rate). There were no substantial differences in functional results between the two groups. It is valuable to outline the different functional results between the two types of prosthesis: TORPs got 56.8 percent excellent results and 78.4 percent good results, while PORPs had only 47.7 percent excellent results and 60 percent good results. Normal compliance (static compliance greater than 0.3 cc) was found in 61.6 percent of cases without cartilage and in 46.7 percent of cases with cartilage.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1981

Malignant histiocytic tumour presenting as a primary uterine neoplasms: a cytochemical and electron microscopy study.

A 41-year-old woman was admitted because of uterine bleeding. The diagnosis of malignant histiocytic tumor was suspected from microscopic examination of the material obtained with diagnostic curettage. Total hysterectomy was performed a week later and a complete pathological examination of the specimens was performed. Cytochemical and immunoperoxidase stains and electron microscopy confirmed that the neoplastic cells were derived from histiocytic elements, i.e. from the mononuclear phagocyte system.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ossicular chain reconstruction with plastipore prostheses.

Proper reconstruction of the ossicular chain is a fundamental prerequisite for good hearing results in staged tympanoplasties. The history of modern middle ear surgery shows that various synthetic materials have been proposed in past years for sound conducting mechanism reconstruction but all gave discouraging results and were soon abandoned. Plastipore is a new plastic material that seems to be well tolerated in the middle ear, and it is commercially available as pre-formed prostheses. We are reporting our experience with 140 cases operated on in our clinic (92 TORPs and 48 PORPs). Two groups of patients are reviewed: the first group consists of the cases in which the prosthesis is in direct contact with the tympanic graft; the second one includes the cases with interposition of cartilage between the head of the prosthesis and the tympanic graft. The purpose is to see whether extrusion rate differences exist in the two groups. Functional results (evaluated after at least six months show an air-bone gap of less than 15 dB in 57 percent of cases and an air-bone gap of less than 25 dB in 82 percent of cases. Five extrusions are reported (3.57 percent). We believe that staged tympanoplasties and tympanic reconstruction with molded heterograft can explain the excellent hearing results and the low extrusion rate of the prosthesis.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1980

Erythrocytosis associated with thyroid tumor.

A patient with erythrocytosis is described. No other evidence exists for polycythaemia vera or a known cause of secondary erythrocytosis in this patient, and management with phlebotomy resulted in temporary normalization of hematologic parameters. Subsequently a cold thyroid nodule was found which was then surgically removed and turned out to be a papillary carcinoma (phi 2 cm) at histologic evaluation. Following thyroidectomy hematologic remission was observed which is still maintained 15 months after surgery. It seems to be the first reported case of erythrocytosis associated with thyroid tumor. X

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molded tympanic heterografts. Histologic evaluation.

The histologic appearance of the molded tympanic heterograft developed at the ENT Clinic of the University of Parma, Italy, is investigated with light and electron microscopy. Evaluation of the graft before insertion disclosed a unique structure of interwoven collagen bundles. Examination of grafted tympanic membrane showed a structure closely resembling the normal human tympanic membrane. The fate of the heterologous material and the host reaction to it are discussed in relation to histologic findings.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of recurrent cholesteatoma in closed tympanoplasty.

Recurrent cholesteatoma in a series of 534 staged intact canal wall tympanoplasties performed over a 10-year period has been reviewed for the present study. Overall detected incidence of recurrent cholesteatoma is 5.2% (28 of 534 operated ears). A steady decrease of recurrent cholesteatoma was found, however, in the second period of our surgical experience (1978 to 1982) when prevention techniques were adopted in all operations, resulting in a 1.07% incidence (four of 373 operated ears). Our present policy for prevention of recurrent cholesteatoma in intact canal wall tympanoplasties with mastoidectomy includes the use of plastic sheeting with thick Silastic, the repair of bony sulcus defects with cartilage shavings, staging of the operation with preplanned reexploration of the middle ear and mastoid, and transtympanic ventilation tube insertion in cases of refractory tubal insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chorda tympani nerve fibers in man.

Four normal human chorda tympani nerves were studied for quantitative data of nerve fibers. The average total number of nerve fibers was 5360 (range, 4941-6020). The average number of unmyelinated fibers was 1835 (range, 1518-2083), or 34% of the total. The diameters of myelinated fibers ranged from 1 to 7 microns, peaking at 2 microns. Most of the unmyelinated axons had a diameter between 0.5 and 2 microns. The importance of the quantitative evaluation of the chorda tympani nerve fibers is stressed in reporting structural changes.

Anthropometry↗