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Biomedical subjects

R Glineur

Publications and source records attributed to R Glineur.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Maxillary transversal expansion obtained by transpalatal distractor and Le Fort I osteotomy with posterior impaction of the maxilla, in one stage].

INTRODUCTION: The transpalatal distractor (TPD", Surgi-Tec, Bruges, Belgium) is a bone support device whose transversal expansion effect is well known in teenagers at the end of their growth and in adults. Surgical assisted rapid palatal expansion is usually carried out before the orthodontic treatment phase. The transversal gain is mainly seen at the anterior level, and can avoid, in some cases, extraction of bicuspids. It is difficult to correct a sizeable posterior transversal deficit using this technique, and patients presenting a complex dismorphosis must go through a second surgical phase to correct the vertical and sagittal abnormalities at the end of the orthodontic preparation. OBSERVATION: We describe a clinical case of posterior transversal surgical expansion, associated with posterior impaction of the maxilla, in one stage, at the end of orthodontic preparation. The osteotomies, the positioning of the distractor and the orthodontic apparatus enable the palatal transversal expansion to be modulated as required. DISCUSSION: The advantages and limitations of this therapeutic technique are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Expression of caspase 3 and p53 during physiological apoptosis and apoptosis induced by three teratologic agents during early craniofacial development of the mouse embryo].

The neural crest-derived mesectoderm gives rise to physiologic apoptosis areas in early vertebrate embryos. Certain teratologic agents increase this phenomenon. The purpose of this work was to detect caspase 3 (which is associated with the apoptosis cascade) and p53 in cell death areas, both during physiological apoptosis and during apoptosis induced by three agents (retinoic acid, methyl-triazene, irradiation). Antibody revelation was performed using the aBC peroxidase kit. Quantifications were also performed on histological sections. We observed caspase 3 uptake on some apoptotic and preapoptotic cells in control embryos, and in the embryos exposed to the three teratogens. Immunoreactivity generally preceded the development of cytological features of apoptosis. However, p53 was expressed only in the embryos exposed to ionizing radiation and methyl-triazene (an alkylating agent), but not significantly in embryos exposed to retinoic acid. The present results throw some light on apoptosis mechanisms in several teratologic conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Histologic and ultrastructural features of cell death both physiological and induced by two different teratogens in branchial arches of mouse embryo].

AIM OF THE STUDY: To observe and compare cell death process both physiological and associated with the administration of two different teratogens (irradiation and retinoic acid) inside cephalic mesectoderm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Irradiated mice: 2 Gy were administered to E 9 embryos. Retinoic acid: 60 mg/kg were gave to E 8 or E 9 embryos. E 9 - 9.5 and E 10 embryos were removed. E 9 - E 9.5 and E 10 control specimens were collected. We used semi-thin sections and ultra-thin sections observed with transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: The major process is apoptosis, which is increased in experimental embryos compared to control specimens. However, autophagy was observed in retinoic acid-treated embryos, while necrosis can rarely occurs after irradiation. CONCLUSION: If the common process seems to be apoptosis, both teratological models differs owing to their respective secondary features. These differences should be explained by the specific pathogenesis of both teratological agents: ligand-receptor reaction and Hox system disruption in retinoic acid administration, direct aggression against DNA and diffuse cell death process following irradiation. Furthermore, congenital malformations induced by these teratogens are quite different. This can be partially explained by a specific blow of different cellular subpopulations.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Heat shock proteins, embryogenesis and evolution].

We present results about immunohistochemical identification of several heat shock proteins (HSP'S) during mouse normal and teratological embryogenesis. Apoptotic cells express very specifically and precociously HSP 110. This fact permits to identify apoptotic cells before apparition of morphologic features of apoptosis, but also to quantify the process of cell death in some teratological models, particularly administration of retinoic acid. HSP 86 is expressed in some cell populations, and particularly permanent in germ cells. Our observations brought us to discuss the potential protective role of HSP on germ cells, and the consequence of their inactivation in the macroevolution process, as well as the role of apoptosis in teratology.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[The stomatology and maxillo-facial surgery department].

Initially devoted to emergencies, the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery has grown considerably since 1979. The department now consists of a Maxillofacial Surgery Unit supplemented by several specialised Units in charge of oncology, orthodontics and orthognathic surgery, implantology and all dental specialities. The main themes of research developed in the department include the healing process of oral tissues, the teratogenic effects of various compounds on the cranio-facial region, the study of apoptosis, the role of heat shock proteins, and the management of craniofacial dysmorphosis. These studies have a direct impact on patient management.

Belgium↗
PubMed2002

[A multidisciplinary approach to orthognathic surgery].

Orthodontists are precisely aware of their therapeutic limits in dealing with maxillofacial dysmorphia. Unstable results and iatrogenic lesions caused by alveolo-dental compensations for displacements of the skeletal base have convinced them of the importance of orthognathic surgery as a complement to their orthodontic treatments. Collaboration between the orthodontist and the maxillofacial surgeon begins as of the moment a displacement of the skeletal bases is established through clinical and cephalometric diagnosis. Due to factors related to their age and dental history, it is necessary to complement the therapeutic provision for adult patients with the provision of a multidisciplinary team. The dentist and the family doctor take part in the decision regarding the treatment to be administered, they provide advice to their patients and treat them according to the chosen therapeutic sequence. Other practitioners are involved, including the physiotherapist or speech therapist, depending on the clinical requirements. This multidisciplinary approach and collaboration are conducive to the quality of the results and patient satisfaction.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Orthodontic treatment in children and adults].

Orthodontics is concerned with the study of dental-maxillofacial development, and the analysis and treatment of anomalies in this development. The orthodontic approach commences with the monitoring of oro-facial functions as of the early stages of childhood (3 to 4 years). This first stage is chiefly preventative. Interceptive orthopaedic treatment is performed, if necessary, on young patients who have reached the mixed dentition stage. This treatment involves the use of fixed or removable braces to correct any irregularity in the maxillofacial development and dental malposition. The treatment for most dental malpositions commences as of the setting in of the secondary dentition (11 to 13 years). The movements of the teeth in the three precise spatial directions are defined with the use of fixed braces. Residual maxillary deformities (prognathism, retrognathism, laterognathism, etc.) are corrected at the end of the growth process or in adulthood through fixed orthodontic treatment combined with maxillofacial osteotomies. Adult patients are treated with the same fixed orthodontic techniques and according to a therapeutic protocol adapted to their specific dental or periodontal mutilations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Cranio-facial dysmorphism: experimental study in the mouse, clinical applications.

To obtain a better understanding of mandibulo-facial dysostosis and hemicraniofacial microsomia in man, the authors carried out a histologic and scanning electron microscope study of the facial malformations produced in mouse embryos by retinoic acid and methyl-triazene. The administration of 400 mg/kg 13 cis-retinoic acid (RA) to pregnant C57BL mice on day 9 of gestation produced anomalies of the cephalic extremity in the embryos resembling human mandibulo-facial dysostosis. The 64 embryos collected presented hypoplasia of the branchial arches or the snout in 79% of cases, auricular anomalies in 47% and ophthalmic anomalies in 12.5%. Fourteen NMRI mice on day 10.5 of gestation were treated with 1.5 mg (0.5 mg/kg) methyl-triazene (Methyl). The 126 embryos collected had developed a very high percentage of micromandibles and anomalies of both embryonic ears (94.6% to 100%). Finally, although the facial anomalies produced by retinoic acid resemble the human mandibulo-facial dysostosis syndrome, no correlation was found between hemicraniofacial microsomia and the administration of methyl-triazene.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1998

Effects of irradiation on facial development in mouse embryos.

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of irradiation on the craniofacial development of NMRI mouse embryos. Two populations of pregnant mice were irradiated with a single dose of 2 Gray on day 8 of gestation for the first population (Po. 1) and on day 9 of gestation for the second population (Po. 2). On gestational days 9 to 17, embryos were submitted to histological and scanning electron microscope examinations. The two populations of embryos presented a high percentage of centro-facial hypoplasia (74.7% for Po. 1 and 75% for Po. 2) which was more pronounced in the latter one. Ocular anomalies were present in 16% of the first population. Cases of anencephaly, cleft palate and anomalies of the central nervous system were found in both populations.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMed1998

Effects of irradiation and methyl-triazene on craniofacial development in mouse embryos: a semiautomated morphometric analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was a 2D-semiautomated morphometric analysis of craniofacial growth in nuclear magnetic resonance imaged (NMRI) mouse embryos. METHODS: The NMRI mouse embryos were exposed in utero to either a single dose of 2 Gy X-irradiation on day 9 of gestation (113 embryos) or to 1.5 mg methyl-triazene administered orally to their pregnant mothers on gestational day 10.5 (124 embryos). An additional group of 108 embryos was used as controls. Digitized pictures of embryos from gestational days 14 to 17 were taken in lateral right view using a video system. Landmarks were located and digitized for computerized analysis of growth changes in relation to developmental stages of the face. RESULTS: The results revealed that the snout of control embryos lengthens during the developmental period considered. The snout of embryos previously submitted to methyl-triazene displayed micrognathia, and all treated fetuses exhibited macroscopic signs of microcephaly with a reduced mandible. The snouts of irradiated embryos appeared shortened at the 14-day stage and continued to shorten as development proceeded. A shortening of the midface was detected macroscopically in 83% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The results of this morphometric analysis enabled us to trace the developmental progression of the induced dysmorphosis and to assess the differences compared with normal development.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1998

[The role of apoptosis during craniofacial development: concepts and importance in pathology].

Apoptosis is an essential common final pathway in numerous pathological conditions such as malignant tumors, HIV-related CD4 lymphocytes degeneration, neurodegenerative disorders, and in programmed cell death events during normal embryogenesis. Some teratogenic substances for man and laboratory mammals induce an increase of the apoptotic phenomenon, responsible for the occurrence of some precise cranio-maxillo-facial malformations. The study of cell death during normal or teratogenic embryonic development allows to analyse the cellular mechanisms implied in the control of the apoptotic phenomenon, together with its dysregulation ending in pathological processes. We review the cell death phenomenon during cephalogenesis, both during normal embryogenesis, or in teratogenic conditions known to induce cranio-maxillo-facial malformations.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1997

Myxomatous odontogenic tumor of the maxilla. An unusual case with squamous and mucoproducing epithelial component.

A tumor attached to the amelo-cemental junction of a third molar impacted in the maxillary tuberosity, consisted histologically of a myxomatous stroma, in which multicystic cavities lined by a columnar epithelium and mucoproducing cells, together with an aggressive squamous epithelial component were present. Although the diagnosis of polyp of the maxillary sinus cannot be excluded, this lesion most likely constitutes an unusual presentation for an odontogenic myxoma of the maxilla, in which an aggressive squamous epithelial component is present, along with a mucosecreting glandular component.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Noma: clinical and evolutive aspect.

Noma is a gangrenous stomatitis affecting children from developing countries. It may leave dreadful mutilations around the mouth, leading to esthetic disabling sequels and permanent trismus. Iconography of the acute stage and of sequels is presented in this paper, and pathogenesis of the disease is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The physiologic cell death areas in mouse embryo branchial arches: a morphologic and histochemical study with teratologic implications].

The association of a morphological study using semi-thin sections with a histochemical approach of the programmed cell death phenomenon in mouse embryo branchial arches permits to observe a spatio-temporal dorsoventral gradient. It also confirms that physiological cell death occurs in a mesectodermal population. The study of the increase of this process induced by retinoic acid administration provides some hypothesis which may explain the teratogenicity of the retinoid family.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Induced and genetic mouse middle ear ossicular malformations: a model for human malformative ossicular diseases and a tool for clarifying their normal ontogenesis.

Oral administration of 13-cis retinoic acid (RA) to pregnant mice on the 9th gestation day provokes important malformations of the middle ear ossicles, associated with a general kind of craniofacial dysmorphogenesis evoking the human mandibulofacial dysostosis. The malleus, incus and stapes are affected. The malleus exhibits a handle separated from its head and keeping a persistant relationship with the tubotympanic recess. The stapes makes no contact with the otic capsule. The malformation pattern is visible early as shown by the appearance of an abnormally curved Meckel's cartilage at day 12, followed by the development of atypically shaped ossicular anlagen. The mouse "far" (first arch malformation) mutation is responsible for minor ossicular abnormalities which disrupts the normal relationships between the stapes, Reichert's cartilage and stapedial muscle. The administration of RA to pregnant mice and the comparison with a genetically induced malformation (the mutation far) provides some interesting information about the postulated mechanisms of human middle ear dysmorphogenesis, as well as precious data about the features of normal ossicular primordia formation. The comparison of these features with human middle ear abnormalities as revealed by medical imaging sheds light on human malformation patterns and provides a better understanding of normal and abnormal radiologic ossicular aspects.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1991

Lectin histochemistry in the developing oto-maxillo-facial primordia of the mouse embryo.

The binding sites of several lectins (Con-A, SBA, WGA, PNA, RCA-I, UEA-I, DBA) were studied in the different tissues involved in mouse visceral cephalogenesis. As compared to various other lectins which have only a weak affinity for precartilaginous rudiments, PNA preceded by neuraminidase treatment shows a very strong fixation in the precartilaginous blastemata and their immediate environment. PNA receptors exist also on the enamel epithelium and mesenchymal sac. RCA affinity for blood vessels has also enabled detailed observations on the vascularization of the palatal shelves, particularly in area 3. Various other localizations have been described and correlated with other histochemical data.

Animals↗