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Biomedical subjects

R Goldwasser

Publications and source records attributed to R Goldwasser.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

A randomized comparison of oral misoprostol versus Foley catheter and oxytocin for induction of labor at term.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the efficacy and safety of oral misoprostol administered to patients with the efficacy and safety in a control group treated with a Foley catheter and oxytocin for induction of labor. STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred patients requiring induction of labor at term with a Bishop score of </=5 were randomized to receive oral misoprostol or a cervical Foley catheter plus oxytocin. Patients in the misoprostol group received 50 microg at 4-hour intervals for a maximum of 6 doses or until an adequate contraction pattern developed. Those in the control group had a Foley catheter inserted in the cervix, whereas oxytocin was administered intravenously by a standard incremental infusion protocol to a maximum dose of 36 mU/min. RESULTS: In multiparous patients the percentage delivered of their neonates within 24 hours and the median induction-to-delivery times were similar in the 2 groups. In nulliparous patients, however, delivery within 24 hours was significantly less likely in the misoprostol group (53.4% vs 82. 5%; P <.001), and the median induction-to-delivery time was longer (23.3 hours vs 17.2 hours; P <.01). There were no differences in the incidence of meconium, chorioamnionitis, low Apgar scores, or cesarean delivery. The incidence of hyperstimulation was higher in the oxytocin-Foley group (4.1% vs 13.1%; P =.02). CONCLUSION: Oral misoprostol is as effective as oxytocin-Foley catheter for inducing labor in multiparous women. Misoprostol appears less efficacious in nulliparous patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Effects of environmental tobacco smoke on objective measures of voice production.

OBJECTIVE: The effects of passive smoking on the voice and laryngeal structures of 20 female passive smokers and 20 age-matched nonsmokers were examined. METHODS: The voice evaluation consisted of acoustic, aerodynamic, and videostroboscopic analyses. RESULTS: Three passive smokers displayed mild edema or erythema. Passive smokers had higher mean flow rates and shorter mean maximum phonation times during sustained vowels at comfortable, low-, and high-pitch levels. However, means were only outside normal limits and significantly different from nonsmokers at high pitch. Variables such as the number of years and hours per day subjects were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke were considered. CONCLUSION: The majority of the variables indicated that vocal fold structure and function were not adversely altered by exposure to passive smoke. Differences between these results and clinical observations are highlighted.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The prevalence of IgG antibodies to spotted-fever group rickettsiae among urban and rural dwelling children in southern Israel.

The prevalence of IgG antibodies to spotted-fever group rickettsiae was studied in a sample of 1,055 healthy children aged 2-17 years, residents of the desert Negev region of southern Israel. Groups of children from 5 different places of residency were tested: (1) urban children from the city of Beer-Sheva; (2) children from Omer, a suburb of the city; (3) children from rural communes ("kibbutz"); (4) children from small agricultural settlements ("moshav"); and (5) seminomadic bedouin children. Overall 40 sera (3.8%) were positive by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay at a titer of 40. The prevalence rate was 3.6% in males and 4.0% in females. Age-specific prevalence rates for the 2-5, 6-9, 10-13 and 14-17 year old groups were 2.0, 5.4, 4.1 and 3.6% respectively. The prevalence rates by place of residency were: urban 3.3%, suburban 3.3%, "kibbutz" 3.8%, "moshav" 5.1% and seminomadic children 3.3%, and did not differ by socio-economic status as measured by degree of crowding. The results indicate that spotted fever is endemic in all human habitats in the Negev region. Our data do not support association to sex or socio-economic status of the children tested. Lack of cumulative prevalence rates with increasing age suggests that antibodies may wane to undetectable levels in the years following the infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1966

Prevalence of antibodies to arboviruses in various animals in Israel.

A serological survey of the prevalence of arbovirus antibodies in various mammals and birds was made in Israel during the years 1959-60, employing the haemagglutination-inhibition technique and using group-A and group-B antigens. High proportions of the animals of several species were found to be positive to group-B arboviruses. Most of these animals showed higher titres against the West Nile virus than against that of turkey meningoencephalitis, but in some cases there were higher titres against the latter virus. Group-A positive sera were also encountered, but in a smaller proportion of the tested animals. Most of the group-A positive sera were also group-B positive, and very few were group-A positive only.

Animals↗