Biomedical subjects

R Gonsette

Publications and source records attributed to R Gonsette.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Effect of mitoxantrone on MRI in progressive MS: results of the MIMS trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of mitoxantrone (Mx) in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) on MRI. METHODS: A total of 194 patients with worsening relapsing-remitting or secondary progressive MS were treated with Mx 12 mg/m2 (n = 34), Mx 5 mg/m2 (n = 40), or placebo (n = 36) at 3-month intervals IV over a 2-year period. In preselected MRI centers unenhanced and Gd-enhanced MRI scans were performed at month (M) 0, 12, and 24 in a non-randomized subset of 110 patients and non-selected for MRI criteria. The primary MRI outcome measure was the total number of MRI scans with positive Gd enhancement per group. RESULTS: Twelve mg/m2 Mx failed to reach a significant difference from placebo as measured by the primary MRI outcome at month 12 (p = 0.431) and 24 (p = 0.065). Secondary MRI outcome measures: 5 mg/m2 Mx influenced favorably the number of Gd-enhancing lesions only at month 24 (p = 0.004), but not at month 12 (p = 0.095). Twelve mg/m2 Mx reduced the number of T2-weighted lesions at month 24 (p = 0.027) and showed a positive trend at month 12 (p = 0.069), but not 5 mg/m2 Mx. The number of active MR lesions showed a strong trend toward reduction in the 12 mg/m2 Mx group only at month 24 (p = 0.054). All comparisons are vs placebo, and unadjusted for baseline incidence. CONCLUSIONS: In the MIMS trial 12 mg/m2 Mx does not reduce the number of MRI scans with positive Gd enhancement at month 12 and 24 vs placebo. Results of secondary MRI outcome measures are suggestive of a positive impact of 12 and 5 mg/m2 Mx on some of the Gd enhanced and unenhanced MRI measures as expected from other Mx MRI studies in the past.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Bladder cancer in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with cyclophosphamide.

PURPOSE: We define the risk of bladder cancer in multiple sclerosis related to the use of indwelling catheters and cyclophosphamide administered as an immunomodulating agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 2,351 patients with multiple sclerosis referred to the National Center for Multiple Sclerosis. RESULTS: Of the 2,351 patients 2 women and 5 men (0.29%) had bladder cancer. Of the 850 chronically catheterized patients the incidence was 0.7%. One patient with cancer performed intermittent catheterization for a rate of 0.23% in this group. In a subgroup of 70 patients treated with cyclophosphamide 5 chronically catheterized patients (5.7%) had bladder cancer. Hematuria was the most common presenting symptom. These data were compared with those in the literature on bladder cancer in spinal cord injury. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a possible synergistic role of cyclophosphamide and chronic catheterization in the induction of secondary bladder cancer. Regular cystoscopy is warranted in these patients to allow early detection of bladder tumors. Nitric oxide metabolism may be an important factor in the carcinogenesis of this type of bladder cancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1983

[Anatomo-clinical study of a neuronal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease].

A 79 years-old man suffered gait disturbance for more than ten years. During the last year the gait worsened. Twenty days after having developed a right hemiparesis, he died from cardiorespiratory failure. Neurological signs were characterized by cogwheel rigidity, distal paresis and amyotrophy of the legs. E.M.G. demonstrated a denervation; ulnar conduction velocity was 38 m/s. The sural nerve biopsy showed a loss of myelinated fibres and no onion-bulb-like formations. A sister (72 years) and two nephews (51 and 39 years) also suffer gait disturbance. The E.M.G.'s demonstrate denervation of the legs. The amplitudes of the motor and sensory nerves are reduced and conduction velocities range between 39 and 59 m/s. Pathologic examination of the propositus showed recent left frontal subcortical infarction, partial neuronal depopulation of the substantia nigra and Lewy inclusions. Microscopic examination of the spinal cord showed integrity of the posterior columns, anterior and posterior spinal roots, cauda equina, and of a thoracic posterior root ganglion. The anterior horns showed a mild gliosis and a slight neuronal depopulation with a few pale or atrophic neurons and very rare neuronophagias. This is believed to be the first autopsy report of a dominant sensory motor neuropathy of the neuronal type. The relative integrity of the spinal cord suggests that the peripheral motor and sensory neurons are affected to the greatest degree at their distal extremity.

Aged↗

PubMed1977

Biochemical findings in multiple sclerosis IV. Isoelectric focusing of the CSF gamma globulins in multiple sclerosis (262 cases) and other neurological diseases (272 cases).

Despite enormous efforts to find a specific laboratory test for multiple sclerosis, agar gel electrophoresis of the CSF proteins has remained the next to the best one. This study presents evidence that thin layer polyacrylamide isoelectric focusing of the CSF gamma globulins is by far superior for this purpose. In effect, about 91% of the 262 multiple sclerosis patients studied had oligoclonal fractions present in the very alkaline region of the pH gradient. Of the same group of patients only 65% did show pathological results when studied by agar gel electrophoresis. Of the 272 CSF samples from patients suffering from other neurological diseases, only about 7% showed the presence of oligoclonal bands in the same region of the pH gradient, when submitted to isoelectric focusing.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

An experimental permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier by electric field application.

This work investigates the method of 'transcerebral electrolysis' in rabbits previously used by other authors (e.g. G. Bourguignon). The observation of the animal, with EEG record, and the macroscopic and microscopic studies, have allowed to precise the physical parameters which do not damage the brain functions: current intensity of not more than 5 mA, applied on large electrodes. In this manner, without traumatization of the brain, the blood-brain barrier allows passage of many substances (dyes, tracers, drugs) and this permeability remains for several days.

Animals↗

PubMed1972