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Biomedical subjects

R Goswamy

Publications and source records attributed to R Goswamy.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Subendometrial-myometrial contractility in conception and non-conception embryo transfer cycles.

This study describes the characteristics of subendometrial-myometrial contractions seen on transvaginal sonography on the day of embryo transfer in assisted conception cycles and their significance for pregnancy outcome.A total of 112 cycles were studied where three embryos with minimal or no fragmentation were transferred. Transvaginal sonography was performed just prior to embryo transfer. A sagittal view of the uterine cavity was obtained and the ultrasound probe was held steady for 2 min. The video recorded image was analyzed at normal, three and five times normal speed. The frequency (contractions/min), direction (fundally or cervically directed) and length (entire cavity or localized) of contractions were noted. Conception and non-conception cycles were compared by determining the standard error of difference between means and proportions and the confidence intervals. The mean frequencies of contractions in the conception and non-conception cycles were 2.09 (SD = 0.8) and 1.92 (SD = 0.85), respectively. A total of 57.6% of cycles in the conception group and 46% in the non-conception group had contractions directed towards the cervix. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in any of the parameters studied. However, when frozen embryo replacement cycles (n = 40) were studied separately, the incidences of fundally directed contractions were 28.6% and 66.7% in conception and non-conception cycles, respectively. This was statistically significant. Comparison of cycles resulting in miscarriage with those leading to pregnancies beyond 16 weeks revealed no statistical difference in the characteristics of the contractions. We concluded that subendometrial-myometrial contractions studied on the day of embryo transfer (luteal day 2) do not predict the outcome in in vitro fertilization cycles.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Clinical evaluation of the heterologous oocyte penetration (HOP) test.

The heterologous oocyte penetration (HOP) test, using zona-free hamster oocytes, was used to assess the fertilising capacity of human spermatozoa. There was good correlation between the ability of ejaculated spermatozoa to penetrate the zona-free hamster oocytes and intact human oocytes. Using epididymal spermatozoa, the HOP test results showed that the ability to penetrate oocytes was acquired during their passage through the epididymis. Applied clinically, the HOP test enables a group of infertile men to be identified with a functional defect of their spermatozoa; these men may not be identified at routine seminal fluid analysis. Men with two negative HOP test results were confirmed as being infertile since their wives, if normal, conceived rapidly when donor spermatozoa were artificially inseminated.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Real-time ultrasonography for determination of ovarian morphology and volume. A possible early screening test for ovarian cancer?

The accuracy with which ovarian morphology and size can be determined by a real-time, ultrasound mechanical sector scanner was assessed. Both ovaries of 11 climacteric women appeared morphologically normal by ultrasonography and these findings were confirmed at laparotomy the following day. The correlation coefficient between ovarian volumes determined by sonar and those obtained by direct measurement at operation was 0.97. In a series of 31 postmenopausal women in whom clinical examination was unremarkable, both ovaries were identified by sonar in 26 subjects (84%) and a cystic ovary was diagnosed in 1 patient. Ovarian morphology in the other 25 subjects appeared normal and the range of volumes was from 1.47 to 10.43 cm3 with an arithmetic mean of 4.33 cm2 +/- 1.91 (SD). The mean difference between the volumes of the right and left ovaries was 1.48 cm3 +/- 1.19 and the percentage mean difference was 42.88% +/- 32.05. An ovary with a volume more than twice the size of its fellow should be regarded with some suspicion because ovarian volumes within individuals are clearly related (correlation coefficient = 0.82). The potential of the technique as a screening test for the early detection of ovarian cancer warrants further evaluation.

Climacteric↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of the heterologous ovum penetration test to predict the fertilising capacity of human spermatozoa.

The ability of human spermatozoa to penetrate zona-free hamster ova in a heterologous ovum penetration (HOP) test was compared with the fertilisation of human oocytes in 54 normospermic couples. Concordant results were seen in 45/54 (83%) cases. However, false-positive HOP test results occurred in 5/45 (11%) couples and false-negative results in 4/9 (44%) couples. The data suggest that a positive HOP test result is a good indication that fertilisation will occur, although a negative HOP test result does not necessarily mean that fertilisation will not take place.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study of respiratory failure in organophosphate and carbamate poisoning.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical profile and cholinesterase levels of subjects of organophosphate and carbamate poisoning and to identify those subjects who would require ventilatory support. DESIGN: Prospective, observational study. SETTING: Intensive care unit of a tertiary care urban hospital. SUBJECTS: Fifty-two patients admitted with a diagnosis of organophosphate or carbamate poisoning. OUTCOME MEASURES: Subject survival and ventilator requirement. INTERVENTION: Treatment with atropine and pralidoxime and mechanical ventilation for patients with respiratory failure. Clinical features were monitored at every stage, and blood for plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase levels was collected on admission. RESULTS: According to the ingested poison, subjects were divided into four groups: organophosphates (13 subjects), mixed organophosphate and carbamate (18), carbamates (13), and a fourth miscellaneous group (8). Dyspnea and vomiting were the most common symptom and miosis and cyanosis were the most frequently observed signs. Plasma and red cell cholinesterase levels were lowest in the mixed poison group and highest in the carbamate group. Twenty-seven subjects developed Type I respiratory failure and 7 had Type II respiratory failure. Mechanical ventilation was required in 31 subjects. Overall 33 subjects survived. A scoring system, on a point scale of 16, was developed using miosis, unconsciousness, fasciculations, and plasma cholinesterase levels to predict ventilator requirement. CONCLUSION: This study helps to identify at an early stage those patients with organophosphate or carbamate poisoning who would ultimately require ventilatory support. We found miosis, unconsciousness, fasciculations, and a low plasma cholinesterase level to be of greatest predictive value.

Adolescent↗