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Biomedical subjects

R Greco

Publications and source records attributed to R Greco.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Exercise-induced arrhythmias: angiographic correlation and follow-up.

The meaning of exercise-induced arrhythmias was studied in 409 patients who underwent a maximal treadmill test, coronary and ventricular angiography and were followed for 31 +/- 10.6 months. The original population consisted of 1720 patients, of whom 520 were assigned to a group of known or strongly suspected coronary artery disease (Group I) and 1200 were assigned to a group with low likelihood of coronary artery disease (Group II). This division was based on age, history and symptoms. Two hundred and forty-seven (47.5%) patients of group I and 218 (18%) of group II developed ventricular premature beats during the exercise test or the recovery period. The test was positive in 378 (72.6%) patients of group I and in 190 (15.8%) of group II. A complete invasive angiographic study was performed in 233 (44%) patients of group I and 176 (14.6%) of group 2. Exercise-induced ventricular premature beats (VPBs) predicted neither coronary anatomy nor subsequent coronary or surgical events, but a weak relationship was observed with a lower ejection fraction among group I patients. On the other hand, a positive test was predictive of coronary anatomy in both groups and of coronary events in group I. We conclude that, despite a higher prevalence of exercise-induced ventricular premature beats among patients with definite coronary artery disease, an exercise test presenting ventricular premature beats as the only abnormality should not be classified as positive. Patients with such results require further investigation.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1984

[10-year survival after myocardial infarction. Longitudinal study of a hospital population].

In this study, 321 patients discharged from hospital after an acute myocardial infarction were followed for 10 years or until death. Death rate was 46.4% and 30.8% of all fatalities was sudden. In over 80% of the cases death was from cardiac causes and frequently occurred out of hospital. Univariate analysis showed that age, female sex, previous infarction, diabetes, heart failure during hospitalization, heart murmur, NYHA class III or IV, post-infarction angina, intraventricular conduction defects, cardiomegaly, ST displacement, were all associated with an increased death rate. A positive exercise test 6-17 months after infarction, was associated with a 4-fold mortality increase. Bypass played a minor role in this series since only 6.8% of the patients underwent this operation. A nonfatal infarction recurred in 71 patients (22.1%) with an annual rate of 2.2%. Annual death rate after the first 2 years of follow-up was 3.9%, as in most recent reports on survival after myocardial infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Derivatives of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-7,8,8-trimethyl-3-phenylamino-4,7-methano-2H-ind azo le with hypotensive and hypoglycemic activities. II.

A series of N-substituted thioureas (II) and some ureas (III) were synthesized in excellent yields by reaction of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-7,8,8-trimethyl-3-phenylamino-4,7-methano-2H-indazole with alkyl, aryl isothiocyanates and isocyanates, respectively. On the whole compounds (II) and (III) showed hypotensive and in some cases hypoglycemic activity in rats. Effects on heart rate in rats, infiltration anesthesia in mice and antiacetylcholine activity in vitro are also reported.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1983

Mast cell histamine release induced by doxorubicin and the inhibitory effect of fructose 1,6-diphosphate.

Doxorubicin (DXR) (10(-4) mol/l) causes histamine release from isolated rat mast cells. At lower doses (range 10(-8) mol/l-10(-5) mol/l) the drug failed to evoke secretion. In the 10(-5) mol/l-10(-4) mol/l range there is a significant decrease of the ATP intracellular levels. Fructose 1,6-diphosphate (FDP) produced a sharp increase of the ATP content of the DXR treated cells. In particular, FDP pretreatment inhibited the DXR stimulated histamine release.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

[Prevalence of hyperkinetic arrhythmias in a healthy infantile and adolescent population: correlations between standard ECG, stress test and dynamic ECG].

We evaluated 250 males and 250 females 4 to 17.99 years old, randomly recruited among school-children. Cardiac and other diseases were excluded. All the subjects were studied with a standard ECG iun the standing and supine position for a minute. Three hundred children underwent a treadmill exercise test according to Bruce's protocol and 50 of them had a 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitoring. Sinus arrhythmia was present in 94% of the children in supine position and in 87% of them while they were standing. Only one child had atrial and ventricular premature beats. In a boy a slow ventricular tachycardia was recorded. One child had a WPW and a girl a short PR interval; both were asymptomatic. The exercise test did not induce any arrhythmias and the slow ventricular tachycardia, in the previously mentioned boy was suppressed during exercise and reappeared during the recovery period. The premature beats were greatly reduced in the child who had them during the standard ECG recording. The 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitoring showed only minor degrees of premature atrial and ventricular beats in 24% of the children studied by this method. The maximum number of premature beats was 39 in 24 hours and never exceeded the first grade of Lown's classification. We conclude that a good correlation exists among the three employed techniques in the study of the prevalence of tachyarrhythmias in healthy children. This is the first study that compares these three techniques in a pediatric population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in infancy with digitalis, adenosine-5'-triphosphate, and verapamil: a comparative study.

The treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) in infancy with digitalis, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and verapamil is reported. Treatment was successful in about 90% of the patients treated with ATP and verapamil and in 61--71% of the patients treated with digitalis (Lanatoside C). Verapamil terminated the tachycardia within 2 minutes of administration in most instances and ATP in less than 1 minute. Digitalis, however, took as long as 2 hours; it was therefore excluded as the drug of first choice in emergencies, and is better suited for treating patients with poor hemodynamics. Side effects with ATP are common but short-lived. With verapamil, side effects are rare, but may be serious if certain contraindications are not taken into account. Digitalis in the dose used in this trial rarely produced side effects. We conclude that ATP or verapamil is the drug of first choice for quick termination of PSVT in infancy.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1981

D-penicillamine induced changes on rat mast cell cyclic GMP levels.

The cGMP accumulation in rat serosal mast cells was measured after cell treatment with D-penicillamine, a sulphydryl containing compound. Preincubating the cells with increasing doses of the drug causes a decrease of basal level of the nucleotide. In cells activated with the degranulating agent 48/80 there is a sharp increase in cGMP intracellular levels. D-Penicillamine prevents the nucleotide accumulation caused by compound 48/80, decreasing even the steady-state level in activated cells. The effect on cGMP metabolism does not correspond to an inhibition of histamine release.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Comparative accuracy of cross-sectional echocardiography and cineventriculography for left ventricular evaluation after myocardial infarction.

223 patients with a previous myocardial infarction (MI) 29-68 years old, have been studied in a double-blind manner both by 2D-Echocardiography and cineventriculography. 5 cross-sectional views and 2 angiographic projections have been employed in order to assess the presence of aneurysm and the motion of the left ventricle. The left ventricle has been divided into 5 anatomic regions: interventricular septum, anterolateral, posterolateral, apical and inferior walls. By cineangiography an aneurysm was diagnosed in 89 patients (one pseudoaneurysm); by 2D-Echo in 83 patients an aneurysm was diagnosed, whereas in the 6 remaining patients the Echocardiogram was nondiagnostic (specificity 100%, sensitivity 93%). Concerning regional motion characteristics, 997 (89%) of 1115 regions were visualized and 905 (91%) correctly identified according to the angiographic findings. Of 92 discrepancies (9%): 64 were attributed to 2D-Echo (69%) and 28 (31%) were attributed to cineangiography; most of the discrepancies attributed to echo resulted from minor grades of asynergy which caused unresolved disagreements between the Echo and angiography findings. It is concluded that Cross-sectional echocardiography is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of aneurysm of the left ventricle (specificity 100% and sensitivity 93%) and for the study of wall motion characteristics. In cases with generalized abnormality of left ventricle motion, resulting in a picture of congestive cardiomyopathy, 2D-Echo can be a substitute for cineangiography. In all other instances both techniques can provide more complete information on ventricular wall abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Pulmonary stenosis with intact interventricular septum: qualitative and quantitative analysis of the vectorcardiogram (author's transl)].

Eighty-one patients suffering from pulmonary stenosis with intact interventricular septum were divided into two groups according to their age: Group I (greater than 2 years), Group II (less than 2 years). In Group I, patients with RVSP up to 50 mmHg have been included in subgroup A; patients with RVSP from 50 to 90 mmHg in subgroup B, patients with RVSP greater than 90 mmHg in subgroup C. In Group II forms with RVSP less than or equal to 60 mmHg have been considered moderate and forms with RVSP greater than 60 mmHg severe. The rotation and duration of the QRS loop on the various planes, presence of a terminal slowing, the ratios 0,01"/LMSV and 0,02"/LMSV, the LMSV and the RMSV in order to assess the most significant vcgraphic parameters to predict severity of the stenosis have been analysed. A fair correlation has been found between RMSV and RVSP (r = 0,55 in Group I; r = 0,54 in Group II). The AA. conclude that a counterclockwiseloop on the H plane and the presence of a terminal slowing are the most reliable parameters for recognizing the light forms, while the clockwise loop on the H plane and a markedly increased voltage of RMSV indicate more severe stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Acute treatment with verapamil of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and atrial flutter in paediatric age (author's transl)].

43 patients, 3 days to 12 years old, presented 68 paroxysms of supraventricular tachycardia and 2 crises of atrial flutter. 6 patients had a WPW syndrome and only 7 had an associated cardiac disease; the remaining had no other complaint but the arrhythmia. Verapamil, administered in the dose of 0.125-0.25 mg/Kg intravenously, interrupted critically the tachycardia in virtually all cases. The flutter was converted to atrial fibrillation with a slower ventricular rate. No adverse effects were observed but in two cases: one had a cardiac arrest promptly relieved and another a ventricular bradycardia corrected by atropine. Both cases had received an overdose of the drugs.

Age Factors↗