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Biomedical subjects

R Greiner

Publications and source records attributed to R Greiner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pathologic data of prognostic significance for remission induction in advanced ovarian carcinoma.

Sixty-eight patients with "advanced ovarian carcinoma" were entered into an ongoing phase-II trial for remission induction with cis-platinum (DDP) 80 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 followed by forced saline diuresis, melphalan (L-PAM) 12 mg/m2 i.v. on day 2 and hexamethylmelamine (HMM) 130 mg/m2 p.o. X 14 days from days 8-21 in six monthly cycles following operative resection and/or staging. Fifty-one patients were evaluable for response, ten had not completed six courses and could not be assessed, two patients died early (one probably of toxicity), and five patients refused treatment and follow-up. Thirty-Two patients had serous, endometrioid or undifferentiated carcinomas of the ovary. Of these, 11 (35%) achieved a pathologically proven complete remission (CR), five (16%) were NED after second-look (residual disease in ovary or removed omentum with all other biopsies and cytology washings negative), eight (32%) achieved a partial remission (PR), and three (12%) had progressive disease. None of the seven patients with clear-cell carcinoma and none of the three patients with Mullerian tumor of the ovary responded. Six of nine patients with tumors of uncertain origin or proven metastasis to ovary did not respond to treatment. These preliminary results indicate that advanced ovarian carcinomas form a heterogeneous group of recognizable neoplastic diseases with striking variation in response to treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Use of the titanium-coated hollow screw and reconstruction plate system in bridging of lower jaw defects.

Clinical results obtained with hollow titanium screws and reconstruction plates in the bridging of mandibular bone defects of 17 patients are described. Following implantation the newly forming bone establishes direct contact with the sprayed titanium surface of the screw and the underside of the plate and permeates the screw. The stability of anchorage therefore increases with the duration of implantation. The reconstruction system also allows salvaging of small fragments such as the condyloid process. The adjustable, individually shaped, mandibular condylar prosthesis permits precise restoration of articular guidance on the reconstructed side while preventing incorrect loading of the opposite joint. The clinical results confirm the recently published findings from animal studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

New concepts in the reconstruction of mandibular defects following tumor resection.

The results of experiments with a new reconstruction plate used to bridge defects in irradiated and nonirradiated mandibles of dogs are presented. The principles of fixation of the plate with hollow titanium powder-sprayed screws and a titanium mesh for stabilizing the autologous cancellous bone are discussed. The direct contact between the surface of the screw and the bone, as well as proliferation of bone into the hollow screw, are demonstrated by light and scanning electron microscope studies. Autologous cancellous bone fixed with the new mesh leads to bridging of the defect even in irradiated areas.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography prior to second-look operation in advanced ovarian cancer.

Twenty-six patients treated with chemotherapy for ovarian cancer underwent a second-look laparotomy after clinical response (or in the absence of evidence of progressive disease). Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) was performed before this operation. Five patients (19%) who had been demonstrated as being free of disease by computed tomography were found to have a tumor larger than 1 cm. Computed tomography sensitivity was good in detection of lymph node metastases (83%), average for pelvic residual tumor (63%) and the omentum (50%), and low for other peritoneal locations (11%). Before second-look operation, the computed tomography scan provides useful surgical information about residual disease in retroperitoneal lymph nodes. However, negative computed tomography findings do not exclude residual tumor or confirm complete remission and therefore cannot replace the second-look laparotomy at this time.

Female↗
PubMed1982

[Stomach cancer. Spontaneous course, therapy and prognosis].

The incidence of gastric cancer in Switzerland has decreased remarkable in the last fifty years and now constitutes 4% of all newly diagnosed neoplasms. Nutrition plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this tumor. The pathology, natural history and the staging of stomach cancer are reviewed, with special emphasis on early gastric cancer. Radiological and gastroscopic diagnosis is correct in almost all cases. Surgery remains as it was 100 years ago when Billroth performed the first gastrectomy, the only curative treatment. In the last few years combination chemotherapy for gastric cancer has been markedly improved, and with modern cytostatic regimens objective tumor responses are achieved in one third to half of patients. The value of adjuvant chemotherapy in radically resected patients remains to be proven. The poor prognosis of gastric cancer can be improved by early diagnosis, better understanding of the pathogenesis of this tumor, elimination of carcinogens from our food and incorporation of effective systemic treatment in the primary treatment plan for stomach cancer.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[Current possibilities of reconstruction of the lower jaw in bony defects following tumor resection. Animal experiments and clinical results].

The animal experimental methods as well as the clinical application in patients and histological results of a new reconstruction plate for use in bridging defects in the lower jaw are discussed. The principles of fixation of the plate with hollow titanium powder sprayed screws and a titanium mesh for stabilising the autologous cancellous bone are also given. Resection was carried out in irradiated and non-irradiated mandibles of dogs. The direct contact between the surface of the screw and the bone as well as proliferation of bone into the hollow screw are demonstrated by light and scanning electron microscope studies. New methods for the evaluation of the interface between implant and bone are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Spermatogenesis after fractionated, low-dose irradiation of the gonads ].

58 patients (50 retrospectively, 8 prospectively) who received post-operative radiotherapy for seminoma, constitute the patient population with which the tolerance dosage for spermatogenesis following low-dose fractionated radiation of the gonads was determined. Field arrangement and caudal field limit were the parameters which determined the amount of the dose to the gonads. Total doses of less than 100cGy, with daily doses of 3 to 5 cGy, permit a complete recovery of spermatogenesis within 14 to 22 months. The occurrence of an azoospermia can be expected 3 to 5 months after initiation of irradiation, lasting for 5 to 6 months. Doses of more than 100 to 150 cGy permit only partial recovery of spermatogenesis and doses of more than 150 cGy can lead to permanent azoospermia. In the absence of evidence of mobile spermatozoa in the ejaculate more than 2 years after radiotherapy, no repopulation of the seminiferous tubules can be expected. After receiving ionizing radiation, the stem cells of the spermatogonia have only a very limited capability for repair, regeneration and compensation. This is the reason for the very high sensitivity of the spermatogenesis to low-dose fractionated radiation of the male gonads.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Colorectal cancer. Progress and unsolved problems].

This review deals with colorectal carcinoma, the most frequent malignant tumor in western countries aside from skin cancer. Epidemiologic data confirm the crucial role of nutrition in the pathogenesis of these tumors. The pathology and natural history of colorectal cancers are reviewed. Screening programs have yielded encouraging first results. In recent years surgery of rectal cancer has been improved by the introduction of a new stapling device permitting more sphincter-saving operations. Pre- and postoperative radiotherapy as an adjuvant to surgery are important elements in the primary management of rectal carcinoma. Radiotherapy is often effective in palliating pain, bleeding, and mucous discharge. Chemotherapy of colorectal cancer is still unsatisfactory. The prospects for adjuvant chemotherapy are discussed. The often dismal outlook for patients with colorectal cancer will be more promising if etiological factors can be eliminated, early diagnosis improved and chemotherapy ameliorated.

Colonic Neoplasms↗