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Biomedical subjects

R Guimarães

Publications and source records attributed to R Guimarães.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Epidemiological research in Brazil].

The current epidemiological research in Brazil is described. Secondary data sources were consulted, such as the year 2000 database of the Brazilian Directory of Research Groups and the National Board of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). The criterion to identify a group as a research one relies on the existence of at least one research line in the field of epidemiology, as defined by the group leader. After identifying the defined universe of epidemiological research, which included 176 groups and 320 different research lines, the following issues were presented and discussed: the relationships between research financing and health research, focusing on CAPES (Coordination Center for the Advance of University Professionals) graduation programs, public health research and epidemiological research, geographic and institutional distribution and outreach of the current epidemiological research, the researchers and students directly participating in epidemiological research, research topics and patterns of disseminating research findings; the journals where papers in its fullness were published; the financial support of the epidemiological research focusing on the 23 officially recognized graduate programs in public health field.

Brazil↗
PubMed2001

A new technique for the use of intrathecal fluorescein in the repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea using a hypodense diluent.

The intrathecal injection of fluorescein is used in the diagnosis and treatment of skull base liquoric fistulas since it allows precise localization of the site of drainage. The fluorescein is always diluted in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) resulting in a hyperdense solution in relation to the CSF. For this reason it is necessary to put the patient in the Trendelenburg position for 30 to 40 minutes so that the fluorescein reaches the cerebral cisterns and is visualized at the level of the fistulae. From October 1997 to May 1999 intrathecal fluorescein in a hypodense solution was used in the repair of 23 skull base defects associated with CSF rhinorrhea. This hypodense solution was obtained by diluting 0.5 cm3 of 5% fluorescein in 10 cm3 of distilled water. This solution density is 1001, which is hypodense when compared to CSF (density range 1004-1006) and therefore allows fluorescein to reach rapidly the cerebral cisterns when the patient is recumbent. The author discusses the advantages and the lack of complications with the use of fluorescein in a hypodense solution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Public awareness and attitudes toward epilepsy in different social segments in Brazil.

PURPOSE: To assess public awareness and attitudes toward epilepsy in Brazilians of different cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. BACKGROUND: Several studies have examined public awareness and attitudes toward epilepsy in various countries but there are no equivalent data for Brazil or South America. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have applied the survey proposed by Caveness and Gallup, with some modifications and adaptations to four groups (I-IV) of subjects: I--105 individuals accompanying patients to the Ophthalmologic outpatient clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); II--93 students recently admitted to medical and nursing school; III--101 senior non-medical students; and IV--69 senior medical students. Group II, III, and IV were students at UNICAMP. RESULTS: Individuals with a low socioeconomic standing had a poor profile of familiarity, knowledge and attitudes toward epilepsy. The pre-university and university students had a relatively good profile when compared to the published international polls. Senior medical students had an excellent level of familiarity and knowledge, but showed no change in their objection to having a son or a daughter marry an epileptic person. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that there is a clear-cut relationship between the level of education and the individual's familiarity and attitudes toward epilepsy. Effective elimination of the prejudice toward epilepsy requires specific training and not just general, superficial information about the condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Transesophageal echocardiography in patients treated with ventilation at a polyvalent intensive care unit].

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has a definite role in general ICUs where its indications are now generally accepted. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has widened the diagnostic scope of ultrasonic and doppler technology, partly by resolving the physical limitations of TTE. In this article the authors comment on their series of TTEs and TEEs, pointing out advantages, the diagnostic and therapeutic implications, especially in artificially ventilated patients. They conclude by emphasising the need to establish TEE as a routine diagnostic tool in general ICUs.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The role of echocardiography in intensive care].

Echocardiography hasn't played yet a major role in the majority of the noncardiac intensive care units, specially the ones with general multi-care profile. In the past few years an increasing number of patients admitted have an important cardiac component, reason why we emphasize the role of this non invasive diagnostic tool. It's easily performed, may be repeated as many times as necessary, thus providing a quick diagnosis of the disease, its repercussions and medical or surgical interventions.

Critical Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Three years of AIDS. Experience of the Curry Cabral Hospital with HIV infections (1985-1988)].

The AA. present a retrospective study on their experience with HIV positive patients, followed on the Infectious Diseases Department of the Hospital Curry Cabral, in Lisbon. This study was done in 90 patients seen since 1985 till March 1988. From the 90 patients, 81 were HIV--1 positive, 6 HIV--2 and 3 HIV1 + HIV2 positives. It is presented their distribution by sex (Male = 97.8%), age (mean--36.5 years), risk groups (homosexuals--64.4%, heterosexuals--21.1%, IVDA--7.7%, blood-related--5.6%), and their Walter Reed and CDC classifications. It is emphasised the increasing incidence of infected people along the years and an unexpected high rate of heterosexual males infected. It is also pointed the incidence of Kaposi (22%), Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (55.6%), and Criptococosis (13.9%) in the WR6 group. The mortality rate was 31.3% for WR5 and 63.9% for WR6. We calculate some Relative Risks for clinical situations matched with risk groups and immunological status (meaning the T Helper lymphocitic count), and measured their statistical significance with the chi-square test. Besides the immunodeficiency, it was mentioned the associated lymphadenopathy and dermatological lesions, the HIV encephalopathy and the constitutional symptoms of the wasting syndrome.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗