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Biomedical subjects

R H Burke

Publications and source records attributed to R H Burke.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Cytokine activation of antibacterial activity in human pulmonary macrophages: comparison of recombinant interferon-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

We examined the ability of two recombinant human cytokines, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rHu-GM-CSF) and interferon-gamma (rHu-IFN-gamma) to activate antibacterial mechanisms in human pulmonary macrophages (PM) and peripheral blood monocytes (PBM). Growth of Legionella pneumophila (LP) was assessed in PM or PBM which had been exposed to either rHu-IFN-gamma (500-1000 u/ml) or rHu-GM-CSF (1 to 10,000 u/ml). In both PM and PBM exposed to 500 u/ml rHu-IFN-gamma, growth of LP was reduced compared to cells exposed to media alone. By comparison, exposure of these cell types to rHu-GM-CSF had no detectable effect on bacterial replication. In order to investigate potential mechanisms accounting for this observation, the effect of these cytokines on the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-releasing capacity of cells was studied. Exposure of PM and PBM to rHu-IFN-gamma (500 to 1000 u/ml) resulted in increased production of H2O2 triggered by phorbol myristate acetate; when subjected to the same experimental conditions, rHu-GM-CSF-exposed cells exhibited no increase in H2O2 production. To further clarify the role of rHu-IFN-gamma-induced augmentation of oxidative metabolism on cellular inhibition of bacterial growth, an amount of catalase capable of completely neutralizing extracellular H2O2 was added to cells before and during infection. This did not abrogate the antibacterial activity of rHu-IFN-gamma. These studies demonstrate that rHu-IFN-gamma but not rHu-GM-CSF is capable of augmenting the capacity of PM and PBM to restrict LP growth. These data suggest that the antibacterial activity of rHu-IFN-gamma in this system may involve oxidative as well as nonoxidative mechanisms.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

Immediate cranial nerve paralysis during removal of a mandibular third molar.

Cranial nerve palsy is a rare complication of dental extraction. This article presents a report of an incomplete seventh nerve paralysis and branch third nerve palsy occurring during extraction of a mandibular third molar. Diagnostic and treatment considerations are discussed, including a review of pertinent neuroanatomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Lingual artery hemorrhage.

Lingual artery hemorrhage is a rare sequela of intraoral biopsy. This article presents a report of life-threatening bleeding caused by a laceration of the lingual artery during biopsy of a lesion in the floor of the mouth. Diagnostic and treatment considerations are reviewed. The minor anatomic triangles of the neck are outlined, with appropriate direct external vessel ligation.

Arteries↗
PubMed1979

Electromyography after lateral pterygoid myotomy in monkeys.

Neuromuscular patterns of five female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were studied to determine the effect of laternal pterygoid myotomy on the function of selected groups of masticatory muscles. Activity characteristics of the lateral pterygoid muscle were recorded as early as four days postoperatively. By the end of the second postoperative month, bilateral lateral pterygoid muscle activity was demonstrated in all animals. In all cases, it closely resembled preoperative patterns of lateral pterygoid muscle function. The activity was observed regardless of whether an inert barrier was used to prevent reattachment of the muscle. The results of this study indicate that the lateral pterygoid myotomy does not have a long-term effect of inhibiting the function of the lateral pterygoid muscle.

Animals↗