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Biomedical subjects

R H James

Publications and source records attributed to R H James.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Resistance to activated protein C as an etiology for stroke in a young adult: a case report.

Resistance to activated protein C (R-APC) is an inherited, autosomal dominant, coagulation abnormality that is increasingly recognized as an important etiology for thromboembolic disease and stroke in young adults. This report describes the case of a 27-year-old woman taking oral contraceptives who experienced an acute thrombotic right hemispheric stroke. Three days after rehabilitation admission (33 days after stroke) she developed a left femoral deep venous thrombosis (DVT) despite appropriate prophylaxis. Further diagnostic workup for the stroke and DVT identified R-APC, possibly exacerbated by oral contraceptives, as the etiology. Hematology consultation recommended lifetime anticoagulation with warfarin. The patient's family history revealed that a 19-year-old cousin had died of a stroke several years earlier. Several months after discharge, an acute DVT occurred in the patient's 28-year-old brother, who tested positive for factor V Leiden, a genetic abnormality closely associated with R-APC. A thrombotic stroke occurred in her grandfather a few months later, but he was not tested. Her father demonstrated a "borderline" positive R-APC test and probably represents the genetic link. Indications for patient and family screening regarding R-APC and other forms of hereditary thrombophilia and implications for rehabilitation medicine physicians are discussed.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗
PubMed1993

Minimizing acarians and house dust in the tropics.

Dust collection and mite isolation by Furumizo's method occurred in 33 homes on days 0 and 14. The first application of Paragerm AK (23 homes) or placebo aerosol (ten homes) was done after vacuuming on day 14. The second (final) spraying occurred on day 28, immediately after vacuuming. Vacuum collections without spraying were done on days 56 and 84 in this randomized double-blind trial. With Paragerm, dust volume fell to 80.3% of initial levels by day 28, remained low at 87.9% (P < .05) on day 56, and then rose to 115.9% by day 84. In control homes, comparative dust values were 89.0%, 103.7%, and 109.9%. With Paragerm, mite concentration decreased to 70.8% by day 28 (P < .01), to 65% at day 56 (P < .025), and continued to fall to 47.7% by day 84 (P < .05). With control aerosol, mite numbers rose compared with initial values: 119.1% at day 28, 227.2% at day 56, and 125.1% at day 84. No adverse effects were observed in Paragerm homes besides odor (70% complained). The two asthmatic occupants improved symptomatically and took less medication following the Paragerm. In conclusion, Paragerm, used over 40 years in Europe, is an effective, nontoxic acaricide in Hawaii, acting promptly and for at least 2 months. It was also associated with diminished dust volume, important in nondust allergy.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1992

Photoaging effects on spectral transmittance of plastic filters.

We examined the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in combination with high levels of infrared (IR) radiation on the spectral transmittance of plastic filters. The biological action spectrum for damage to the human eye and skin changes dramatically in the 300-400 nm wavelength range. Cut-off filters used in this region to shape the spectrum of exposure sources are thus critical to the design of experiments which use broadband light sources. The changes in transmittance of three types of plastic filters were observed over an exposure period of 1000 h. One set of three filters was exposed mainly to UV radiation, while the other set was exposed to UV radiation plus IR radiation. Filters exposed to both UV and IR radiation showed spectral changes in their transmittance, while the filters exposed to UV only showed no measurable changes.

Eye↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of ketoprofen SR and sulindac in the elderly with rheumatoid arthritis.

The elderly (age > 65 years) are more vulnerable to side-effects induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We therefore performed a double-blind comparative study of ketoprofen SR and sulindac in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis, 65 years of age or older. Sulindac was chosen because of its possible renal sparing effects, and ketoprofen SR because of its short half life and sustained release delivery system. Eighty patients were entered. More patients withdrew from the study due to side-effects in the sulindac group; both treatment groups had a high incidence of side-effects during this study and during previous exposure to other NSAIDs, demonstrating that the elderly are susceptible to side-effects from NSAIDs.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Hexabrix 320R for C.T. (computed tomography)--patient tolerance and image quality.

A total of 367 patients were studied using Hexabrix 320 as intravenous contrast material during CT scanning. Adverse events were recorded and analysed with respect to patient age and risk category. Hexabrix 320 produced adequate image quality in all patients. Whilst minor adverse events were relatively common, only a few moderate adverse events were seen and no severe adverse events were observed. Hexabrix 320 was noted to be very well tolerated in the elderly and well tolerated by the high risk patient.

Adolescent↗