Biomedical subjects

R H Kirschen

Publications and source records attributed to R H Kirschen.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

The Royal London Space Planning: an integration of space analysis and treatment planning: Part I: Assessing the space required to meet treatment objectives.

The Royal London Space Planning process has evolved since 1985 to ensure a disciplined approach to diagnosis and treatment planning and to provide a record to justify treatment decisions for professional accountability. The analysis takes into consideration most aspects of a given malocclusion and aims to quantify the space required in each dental arch to attain the treatment objectives. Space planning also helps determine whether the objectives are likely to be attainable and helps in the planning of treatment mechanics and the control of anchorage. The process of analysis is divided into 2 sections. The first part consists of assessing the original malocclusion according to various component parts, any of which may have an effect on space if altered during treatment. These components are crowding and spacing, occlusal curves, arch width, anteroposterior position of labial segments, mesiodistal angulation, and incisor inclination. The second part of the analysis, which will be published in a separate article, deals with the effect of treatment procedures, such as extractions, tooth-size modifications, distal or mesial molar movements, as well as natural growth, on the space required. Space planning should be regarded only as a useful guide, as many areas of orthodontics-including growth, biological response, and patient compliance-cannot be controlled with total accuracy.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2000

The Royal London Space Planning: an integration of space analysis and treatment planning: Part II: The effect of other treatment procedures on space.

The Royal London Space Planning process is carried out in 2 stages. The first stage, assessing the space required to attain the treatment objectives, was described in Part I of this report, published earlier. In Part II, the process of integrating space analysis with treatment planning continues with consideration of the effects other treatment procedures have on space. These procedures include tooth enlargement or reduction, tooth extraction, the creation of space for prosthetic replacement, and mesial and distal molar movement. The effects of favorable and unfavorable growth are also considered. A brief case report is presented to demonstrate use of the Royal London Space Planning.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed1999

The influence of maxillary incisor inclination on arch length.

This ex vivo study was designed to investigate Andrews' hypothesis that there is a space implication when incisors are torqued correctly. A working model was constructed to allow acrylic typodont incisors of varying known values of inclination to be substituted into the model. The arch lengths of the various 'set-ups' were measured using a reflex microscope linked to a PC. In order to quantify the space requirement of clinical relevance for adequate incisor torque, the method was repeated by substituting replicas of patients' 'natural' incisors. For both acrylic and natural incisors it was found that, as the inclination of the teeth increased, there was an increase in all arch lengths, this being greater for the natural incisors. This larger increase for the natural incisors was related not only to their increased size, but was also dependent on the morphology of the incisor. Those incisors which were parallel-sided showed the greatest increase in arch length, whereas the incisors that were relatively triangular in shape showed the smallest increase. When the inclination of an 'average' set of 21/12 is increased by 5 degrees, an increase in the arch length of approximately 1 mm may be expected.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed1998

Task Group for Orthodontics Report.

The UK Specialist Review Group of the General Dental Council's Education Committee has been charged with taking forward the recommendations in the Chief Dental Officer's report 'UK Specialist Dental Training'. The Specialist Review Group has, in turn, established a number of specialty task groups. This report is from the Task Group for Orthodontics. It was submitted in May 1996.

Certification↗

PubMed1983

Lip and mentalis activity and its influence on incisor position--a quantitative electromyographic study.

In order to investigate both the relationship between perioral muscular activity and tooth position and also the clinical indicators of this activity, two quantitative EMG studies were carried out. The first investigated the reproducibility of the method in 16 adults. Subsequently, a study employing the same protocol was conducted on 41 subjects with untreated malocclusions. Activity was measured during speech, whilst chewing biscuit, swallowing saliva, resting, and in those subjects with incompetent lips, during lip-seal. In addition to the EMG recordings, measurements were taken from study models, lateral skull radiographs and of the clinical lip heights. In general between visits random variability was sufficiently small for the method to be applied experimentally. The results suggest that the effects of perioral muscular activity are determined by the presence or absence of competent lips. This was despite similar levels of activity in both groups except during chewing. Resting activity did influence incisor position in subjects with competent lips but the intermittent activity from chewing, speaking and swallowing, did not. No clinical indicators of the level of perioral activity were found.

Adolescent↗