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Biomedical subjects

R H Yonemoto

Publications and source records attributed to R H Yonemoto.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Is SP1 (pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein) elevated in cancer patients?

Pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein, SP1, was measured in serum by competitive double antibody radioimmunoassay. Very low levels of SP1 or SP1-like activity were found in only 2 out of 85 sera from patients with cancer of the digestive tract, breast cancer, melanoma, and sarcoma, in 2 out of 11 sera from patients with infectious diseases, and in none out of 15 sera from non-pregnant healthy individuals. SP1 thus does not seem to be ectopically produced in vivo by the types of cancer studied, but is probably highly specific for the normal and malignant trophoblast.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Immune responses in the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the breast. Effects of adrenalectomy.

We set out to answer the question, "Is the effect of adrenalectomy associated with or mediated through the immune response?" Eleven patients were studied preoperatively and postoperatively by in vitro immunologic tests. The assay system used included absolute T cell counts, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) blastogenesis, leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) after contact with 3M potassium chloride breast antigens, and blocking as measured in the blastogenesis and LAI assays. Good correlation was found between favorable clinical response to adrenalectomy and a rise in the number of absolute T cells, an increase in LAI positivity, and a decrease in blocking as measured by LAI blocking assay, but no correlation was seen in PHA blastogenesis assays. The association of clinical objective responses and improved immune responses is of significance.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1977

Leukocyte adherence inhibition by soluble tumor antigens in breast cancer patients.

The authors modified and refined the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Assay (LAI) first described by Halliday, et al. in 1972 by standardizing the protein concentration of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) and by utilizing paired normal tissue extracts as controls to eliminate interference of HL-A histocompatibility antigens and organ-associated antigens. When dose response studies were performed, a progressively larger percentage of patients reacted to the LAI test with increasing concentration of tumor extracts, but the optimal concentration was found to be 200 mug/ml, where 42 out of 66 (63%) leukocytes from 54 breast cancer patients reacted to the breast cancer extracts. At this dose range, only three out of 39 (7%) normal donors and four out of 30 (13%) patients with other types of cancer were positive. When breast cancer patients were tested against TAA of colon cancer and malignant melanoma, one of 24 (4%) and two of 24 (8%), respectively, were positive. Although a higher response rate (72%) was noted in Stage II disease, this was not statistically different from Stage I and Stage III disease. Likewise, no difference was noted in LAI at varying phases following the mastectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Randomized sequential hormonal therapy vs adrenalectomy for metastatic breast carcinoma.

One hundred sixty-one postmenopausal and 65 premenopausal women, a total of 226 patients with metastatic breast carcinoma, were included in this randomized study to evaluate the merits of adrenalectomy as the primary mode of therapy as compared to the customary sequential hormonal manipulation. The 145 evaluable postmenopausal patients were randomized as follows: (1) primary additive hormone therapy first followed by adrenalectomy and (2) primary adrenalectomy followed by chemotherapy and/or additive hormone therapy. When 76 patients in group 1 were compared with 70 patients in group 2 regarding their survival time, there was no essential difference, but the response rate was 20% vs 38.6%, a significant difference. The 55 evaluable premenopausal women were randomized into two groups: (1) oophorectomy followed by adrenalectomy; (2) adrenalectomy-oophorectomy as primary mode of therapy. The response rate in group 1 was 17.4% as compared with 41.9% in group 2, but again there was no difference in the survival time among these two groups. When sequential hormonal manipulation was utilized, only one-third of these patients were subjected to adrenalectomy because of their rapidly deteriorating condition. Adrenalectomy performed as a secondary procedure showed a lower response rate but the total survival time was comparable with primary adrenalectomy patients.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1976

In vitro activity of the fatty acyl desaturases of human cancerous and noncancerous tissues.

The microsomal desaturase activity of human cancerous and noncancerous tissues was measured in vitro using 1-14C, -11, 14-eicosadienoic and 1-14C-oliec acids as substrates. Tissues used were a case of ovarian cancer, a urinary bladder cancer, a rectal cancer, and a non-specific colonic ulcer with appropriately normal tissues. When 11, 14-20:2 was used as substrate, radioactive tetraene and triene were produced. The tetraene was identified by radio gas chromatography as arachidonic acid (5, 8, 11, 14-20:4), and the triene had a retention time of 5, 11, 14-20:3. Thus, the possibility arises that a delta8 desaturase was involved. In the delta6 desaturase, with the urinary bladder cancerous tissue, the desaturase activity appeared to be decreased in comparison to neighboring tissue, whereas with the colonic cancer tissue, the desaturase appeared to be relatively increased, though the number of samples was inadequate for confidence.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Bilateral adrenalectomy for advanced breast cancer: a 21 year experience.

Of 680 patients who had bilateral adrenalectomies for metastatic breast cancer, 583 were evaluable. Two hundred and nine patients (36 percent) responded (180 objective, 29 subjective responders) for at least 6 months. Age, menstrual status, prior response to oophorectomy, disease-free interval, involved organ systems, and incidental splenectomy were correlated with adrenalectomy response. Patients aged 21 to 35 years did poorly (23 percent response rate), whereas 41 percent of patients aged 51 to 65 responded. Menstrual status appeared to have no effect upon whether or not a patient responded to adrenalectomy. Oophorectomy responders benefited from adrenalectomy 40 percent of the time and oophorectomy failures responded in 27 percent of the cases. Patients with a disease-free interval of zero to 2.5 years responded to adrenalectomy at a rate of 31 percent whereas patients with a free interval greater than 2.5 years responded at a rate of 50 percent. When a single visceral organ or any combination of bone and soft tissue was involved, the average response rate was 39 percent. However, when multiple visceral organs or a single visceral organ with any combination of bone or soft tissue was involved, the response rate dropped to 26 percent. Sixty-six patients had splenectomies at the time of adrenalectomy with a 44 percent response rate, whereas nonsplenectomized patients had a 35 percent response rate. The median survival rate of 209 adrenalectomy responders was 26 months; it was 10 months for 374 nonresponders. The 5 and 10 year survival rates for adrenalectomy responders were 18 and 7 percent, respectively, and zero percent for adrenalectomy nonresponders. The patients who received greatest benefit from adrenalectomy in this series were aged 51 to 65 years, had a disease-free interval greater than 2.5 years and had metastases limited to a single visceral organ or any combination of bone and soft tissues.

Adolescent↗