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Biomedical subjects

R Hackett

Publications and source records attributed to R Hackett.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Pathologic effects of ESWL on canine renal tissue.

The introduction of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has provided an avenue for dealing with many urinary stones noninvasively. The margin of safety for the kidney during shock wave administration is largely undefined. A pilot study was performed where six kidneys in five female mongrel dogs were shocked. Group A kidneys were given 1,776, 4,500, 6,000, or 8,000 shocks, respectively, at 18-24 kV. Group B kidneys received 1,600 and 8,000 shocks (18-24 kV). The number of shocks per electrode ranged from 500 to 4,538 and averaged 2,490. The dogs were sacrificed forty-eight to seventy-two hours (Group A) or twenty-eight to thirty-two days (Group B) post-treatment. Modest damage (hematoma and/or interstitial hemorrhage) was noted in all kidneys. Evidence of permanent change (fibrosis) was noted in both Group B kidneys. Complete necrosis of the kidney was not seen after administration of 8,000 shocks. These preliminary data indicate that lithotripsy can, in some circumstances, produce renal damage in the canine model.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Diagnosis of bacteriuria in men: specimen collection and culture interpretation.

Bacteriologic criteria for diagnosing urinary tract infections in men have not been well defined. For determination of the bacterial colony count in voided specimens that most accurately reflects bladder bacteriuria, culture results were compared for voided urine and bladder urine (obtained by suprapubic aspiration and urethral catheterization) from men with various genitourinary problems. Bladder bacteriuria was found in 36 (47.3%) of 76 sets of specimens from 66 individuals. Culture results of bladder specimens showed excellent agreement with those of clean-catch midstream-void and uncleansed first-void specimens (weighted kappa = 0.924 and 0.906, respectively). The criterion for clean-catch midstream-void specimens that best differentiated sterile from infected bladder urine was growth of greater than or equal to 10(3) cfu of one predominant species/ml; this definition had a sensitivity of 0.97 and a specificity of 0.97. Uncleansed first-void specimens were equally sensitive (0.97) but less specific (0.91-0.92) in detection of bacteriuria. Pyuria (greater than or equal to leukocytes/mm3) and irritative genitourinary symptoms showed modest correlations with bladder bacteriuria.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

Surgical cannulation of a hepatic vein in dairy cows utilizing diagnostic ultrasound.

Use of a diagnostic ultrasonography unit in the placement of hepatic vein catheters is described. Diagnostic ultrasound proved to be a safe and rapid means of identifying the hepatic venous circulation. It provided a clear visual guide in an otherwise blind surgical procedure and allowed for a precise determination of catheter placement. Thus, the method could be used to advantage in other types of catheterizations. Use of ultrasonography reduced the duration of surgery by 50 to 75%, thereby minimizing the risks associated with long-term general anesthesia and reducing recovery time.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The effects of self-attention and public attention on eating in restrained and unrestrained subjects.

Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of self-attention and public attention to food intake on eating by dieters and nondieters. Female dieters ate the greatest number of candies ad lib after consuming a forced two-milk shake preload; the addition of either self-attention or implied public attention, through the manipulated availability of a waste basket for the disposing of candy wrappers, inhibited eating substantially. For nondieters, the preload itself inhibited candy consumption, which declined further only under conditions of public attention to candy intake. In a second experiment, self- and public attention again inhibited the cookie consumption of preloaded dieters, but preloaded nondieters were not influenced by the attention manipulations, eating minimally in all conditions. Nondieters who were not preloaded, however, did reduce their intake in the two attention conditions. Implications for regulatory self-control were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Renal papillary changes in patient with calcium oxalate lithiasis.

We report the case of a white woman with bilateral renal calculi that were removed by bilateral nephrolithotomies. The morphology of renal tubular stones and the changes in papillary tissue were studied by light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The stones were made of calcium oxalate and were intratubular. Large calcium phosphate deposits were present in the interstitium. There was a marked interstitial fibrosis and tubular epithelial hyperplasia.

Calcium Oxalate↗