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Biomedical subjects

R Hartge

Publications and source records attributed to R Hartge.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[On the incidence of knots in the umbilical cord (author's transl)].

The mechanisms of the development of knots in the umbilical cord are described. The different types of knots are enumerated. The causative factors for the development of a knot in the umbilical cord are discussed. This paper is based on a statistical evaluation of the deliveries of the Maternity Hospital of the University of Bonn from 1967-1970. These data have been adopted from the Author's M.D. Thesis of 1972. At the end of the paper the comparative anatomy of the umbilical cord complications is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1978

[Fetomaternal immune reaction in normal and pathologic pregnancies].

Pregnancy-specific diseases such as pre-eclampsia/eclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation do certainly influence the feto-maternal immunological links; this effect may be primary or secondary. In vitro methods to measure quantitatively the maternal cellular immune response and its sensitivity to humeral serum factors are discussed. Trophoblast cells grown in macro- and microcultures under standardized conditions were exposed to the cytotoxic effect of a suspension of maternal lymphocytes derived from peripheral venous blood; the concentration of lymphocytes was titrated. In a second titration series we tested the influence of maternal serum on the lymphocytotoxic effect; trophoblast and lymphocyte cell numbers were kept constant. The results give some evidence that in the absence of maternal serum the lymphocytotoxicity is diminished in cases with poor fetal growth or with pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, if compared with the conditions found in cases of normal term pregnancies. If, however, maternal serum was present, the known anticytotoxic effect of the serum became only evident in the normal term controls, whereas the cytotoxicity increased with rising serum concentrations in cultures derived from cases with intrauterine growth retardation or pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. One possible explanation would be the presence of cytotoxic serum factors in those cases. In the discussion the different aspects of feto-maternal immune relationship in healthy subjects are analysed and an attempt is made to correlate the findings of different authors. It is most likely that the maternal immune responses (directed specifically and non-specifically against fetal antigens) do vary continuously in pregnancy.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

Low thymic weight in small-for-dates babies.

The thymic weights of 20 growth-retarded babies dying at or about birth were found to be less than normal for their birth weights. It is suggested that small-for-dates babies that survive may be immunodeficient as are children who suffer from extrauterine malnutrition.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1978

[Long-term cultures of trophoblast cells and mixed trophoblast cultures as a model for in-vitro studies (author's transl)].

Trophoblast cell-cultures provide a much promising model for qualitative and quantitative in-vitro-examinations of immunological, morphological and biochemical items. In the present paper an attempt has been made to analyze the light-microscopically identificable morphological modifications of the cultured cells under standardized culture-conditions in a temporary order. Furthermore, a number of single cases is presented in which mixed cultures of trophoblast cells with heterologous cells of embryonic origin and with cells derived from adult malignoma were tried.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

[Immunological relations between mother and child during pregnancy (author's transl)].

The relations between the maternal and foetal organisms during pregnancy are partly very complicated and remain inexplicable. Blastocyst, trophoblast, embryo and foetus have membrane antigens at a very early stage, and the immunocompetence of the foetus develops already during the second third of the pregnancy period. Many non-specific factors are involved in preventing the castingoff reaction of the foetal organism. The trophoblastic tissue is probably of central importance. The focal point of interest in trophoblast tissue research is probably the testing of the local action of HCG and HPL and perhaps also AFP, as well as the question whether cellular and nuclear fusions occur in the region of the syncytiotrophoblasts and the decidual base, or if leucocyte antibodies can block the HLA antigens or the trophoblastic surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[The history of breast feeding].

The significance of breastfeeding, as considered millenniums ago, has been handed down by numerous contemporary reports and illustrations. The woman who suckles her baby has even since held an exceptional position in social life. In this essay the author describes the breastfeeding customs of far ancient people such as Egyptians, Greek, Romans and Indians. As a conclusion one might say that even today breastfeeding did not lose its importance for the relation between mother and child. It is an encouraging matter of fact that--unmindful of their emancipation--many "modern" mothers retain the breastfeeding habit. What would happen if breastfeeding was generally discredited, if mothers from all different countries would abandom breastfeeding in order to adopt bottle-feeding their children? Undoubtedly, that would not only cause a notable increase of the risks for the children's survival--which are due to many secondary factors--but, furthermore, it would mean an important expenditure for the budget for national economy which cannot be justified.

Art↗
PubMed1976

[Infant nutrition in West Africa].

The breastfeeding-customs of Westafrican tribes are described. Details are given about the duration of the suckling-period, about the nourishment of the baby after breastfeeding has been reduced and about the application of indigenous lactogenic substances. The relations between mother and child as well as the relations between wife and husband during the suckling-period are illustrated; the dangers of a precocious weaning from breastfeeding and the dangers due to the application of wrongly prepared bottle-milk are discussed.

Africa, Western↗