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Biomedical subjects

R Henrion

Publications and source records attributed to R Henrion.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Domestic violence during pregnancy: screening and management].

Because pregnant women are seen regularly for prenatal visits and most often develop a feeling of trust with the health care providers, pregnancy offers an important opportunity to detect domestic violence. Visible physical lesions are obvious signs of domestic violence but detection is much more difficult when the signs are limited to various sequelae, exacerbation of chronic conditions, psychosomatic problems, or obstetrical complications. It is even more difficult when the disorders are essentially psychological. If there is the slightest doubt, the clinician should, after gaining the patient's trust, ask a few simple questions. When domestic violence is discovered, the physician should evaluate its severity, note all useful elements in the medical record, and as required, write a medical certificate declaring temporary disability. The patient needs treatment but also information and support. It may be necessary to report the case to the judiciary or administrative authorities.

Female↗
PubMed2001

[Two-year follow-up of an opioid-user cohort treated with high-dose buprenorphine (Subutex)].

AIM OF THE STUDY: Care for opioid users changed greatly in France in 1996 when general practitioners (GP) were allowed to prescribe high-dose sublingual buprenorphine (Subutex((R))) for maintenance treatment of major opioid dependence. In order to evaluate treatment benefits, a prospective epidemiological 2-year follow-up was initiated in May 1996 with the participation of 105 French GPs. METHODS: A cohort of outpatient opioid users who started high-dose sublingual buprenorphine maintenance therapy at study onset or who had recently started were included in a prospective epidemiological study by GPs involved in management of drug abusers. Patients were followed for 2 years with collection of standardized information at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. The main evaluation criteria were follow-up by the same GP throughout the study and retention in the care system 2 years later. For patients who fulfilled these criteria, secondary end points were analyzed: information about buprenophine prescription, social status, and hepatitis B and C and HIV seroconversions. RESULTS: The 101 GPs included 919 patients and 909 were analyzed 2 years later. At study onset, a majority of the patients (70.6%) were taking an ongoing maintenance treatment, 10.5% had previously received such a treatment and the treatment was initiated for 18.8%. At the end of the study, 508 patients (55.9%) were still being followed by the same GP and 101 (11.1%) were followed by another healthcare provider (another GP, hospital or specialized center). No information about the care giver was available for 82 patients (9%). Among the other patients, 123 (13.5%) were lost to follow-up, 24 (2.6%) had moved, 23 (2.6%) were incarcerated, 11 (1.2%) had successfully discontinued drug usage and 7 (0.8%) had died. Other reasons for unsuccessful follow-up by the same GP were mainly (for 6 patients each): relapse, switch to methadone, no medical information, non-compliance with scheduled controls. Among the patients followed by the same GP, declaration of heroin and drug intake significantly decreased (p<0.001), and social status (GAF scale) and TMSP evaluation significantly improved (p<0.001). The social situation (housing condition and work) also improved significantly (p<0.001). The rate of buprenorphine treatment was 84% with longer and less fractionated prescriptions. The HBV, HBC and HIV seroconversion rates were low in this high-risk population (2.7%, 4.1% and 0.8% respectively). CONCLUSION: This two-year follow-up of 909 opioid users showed that nearly 70% of the patient remained within the healthcare system, mainly with the same GP or more rarely with another practitioner. Among the 508 patients still followed by the same GP, maintenance treatment with high-dose buprenorphine was observed in more than 80% of the patients. These patients had a significantly improved social status, a significant decrease in drug intake and a significant improvement in their social adaptation and severity of drug abuse.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Lack of behavioural risk factors for squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in HIV-infected women.

HIV-infected women have a high prevalence of abnormal Papanicolaou smears and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. A multiparametric analysis of epidemiological and behavioural risk factors has been performed in a cohort of 204 HIV-infected women in an outpatient clinic with the aim to investigate risk factors associated with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in HIV-seropositive women. The prevalence of SIL in the study population was 35.7%. Univariate and multivariate analysis of demographic, behavioural and immunological variables only identified cigarette smoking > 20/day and CD4+ cell counts < or = 200 x 10(6)/L as risk factors significantly associated with SIL in the study population. We found no epidemiological/behavioural risk factors specifically associated with SIL in HIV-infected women as compared with the general population. The results suggest that the high prevalence of SIL in HIV disease is related to acquired immune deficiency in HIV-seropositive women.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Papanicolaou smears in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive women during follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcome of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive women. METHODS: Papanicolaou smears were followed-up prospectively in a group of 60 HIV-positive women every 6 months for 18 months. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of SIL at 18 months was 9% in 27 women who presented with normal Papanicolaou smears at entry. In 33 women who initially presented with SIL, the rate of persistence of cervical lesions was 95% (18 of 19) in untreated patients and 61% (eight of 13) in women who underwent surgery. In women with low-grade SIL, the persistence or progression of cervical lesions was observed in 92% of the cases (12 of 13). No invasive cancer was observed during the 18 months of the study period. CONCLUSION: Although the long-term outcome of SIL in this population remains unknown, our results emphasize the high rate of persistence of SIL and the relative inefficiency of conventional treatment in HIV-infected women. These findings contrast with the natural history of SIL in immunocompetent women.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[HIV seropositivity and desire for children].

Growing numbers of women and men who are HIV infected and aware of their serostatus, want to have children. Gynecologists are involved in the dilemmas of counseling those couples about reproductive decisions. For HIV infected women, pregnancy is contra-indicated, mostly because of the risk of transmission to the fetus/infant. However, no rational argument can abolish the desire of many young women to have children in the face of the life-threatening infection. The clinical and immune status of the would-be mothers, her partner's serostatus and the availability of family members to rear an orphaned child, must be considered. For seronegative women with HIV-infected partners, after confirming that seroconversion is not occurring, the partner's clinical and immune status must be evaluated. The risk of transmission through unprotected intercourse increases with the degree of immune suppression in the partner. The couple's stability and the woman's motivations for becoming pregnant must also be carefully evaluated. About one third of such discordant couples separate after the birth of their child. For selected couples who have clearly decided to attempt pregnancy, the objective of reproductive counseling is to reduce their risk of heterosexual transmission. The partner's sperm should not be used for insemination because techniques have not yet been established to eliminate HIV from sperm preparations. Insemination with HIV-negative donors' sperm can be considered. An alternative is the "natural" method, consisting in having unprotected intercourse only during ovulation. Administration of zidovudine to the man in order to reduce the amount of virus excreted has been discussed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1993

Virus excretion in the cervicovaginal secretions of pregnant and nonpregnant HIV-infected women.

In order to estimate the prevalence of viral excretion in cervicovaginal secretions, we made a cross-sectional study of 55 HIV-infected women. The patient population was diverse, including pregnant and nonpregnant women in different disease stages from three centers. Virus replication was found in the cell-free supernatant from 12 of 55 cervicovaginal samples (21.8%) by coculture on the CD4-positive cell line CEM-C113. In addition, cell-associated virus was detected in five of a subgroup of 22 samples testing negatively on cell-free supernatant. The prevalence of HIV in the cell-free supernatant was not related to disease stage, zidovudine therapy, transmission group, or history of sexually transmitted diseases. Excretion of HIV was significantly higher in our population of pregnant women (eight of 21, 38%) compared with an unmatched group of nonpregnant women (four of 34, 11.8%; p = 0.04). These results provide evidence of cell-free virus shedding as well as the presence of cell-associated virus in the genital secretions of HIV-infected women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

HIV infection at outcome of pregnancy in the Paris area, France.

The prevalence of HIV infection in women at end of pregnancy, irrespective of outcome, was determined in a comprehensive survey of both women and medical centres during successive 4-week periods in four areas of the Paris region, France. Blood samples were tested anonymously for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and HIV-2. Of the 11,593 blood samples 0.40% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-0.51) were positive for HIV-1 and 0.02% (95% binomial interval [BI] 0.002-0.065) for HIV-2. Seroprevalence was higher among women with ectopic pregnancy (2%) (95% BI 0.24-7.04); the rate in women having an elective or therapeutic abortion was more than twice that in those delivering babies (0.70% vs 0.28%, p less than 0.05, relative risk 2.54, 95% CI 1.36-4.75). Studies with neonatal HIV seroprevalence as a surrogate for HIV prevalence in pregnant women would underestimate prevalence in these women.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗