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Biomedical subjects

R Henry

Publications and source records attributed to R Henry.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Statistical analysis of trends in urban ozone air quality.

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the use of some statistical methods for examining trends in ambient ozone air quality downwind of major urban areas. To this end, daily maximum 1-hr ozone concentrations measured over New Jersey, metropolitan New York City and Connecticut for the period 1980 to 1989 were assembled and analyzed. This paper discusses the application of the bootstrap method, extreme value statistics and a nonparametric test for evaluating trends in urban ozone air quality. The results indicate that although there is an improvement in ozone air quality downwind of New York City, there has been little change in ozone levels upwind of New York City during this ten-year period.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1992

A national model of faculty development in addiction medicine.

Increasing the number of faculty with expertise in addiction medicine is one of the challenges facing the medical community in the 1990s. To meet this challenge, the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine created a faculty development course to increase the expertise of family practice faculty involved in teaching residents. The authors describe the development, implementation, and consequences of the five-day intensive course that was taught to 165 participants at ten sites in 1990. The participants' self-reporting before and three months after the course showed significant increases in the numbers of participants who taught addiction medicine in eight of 11 clinical situations. The authors conclude that the course represents a model of faculty development in addiction medicine that is applicable to other specialties and health professions.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1992

The management of acute laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis (croup): a consensus view.

The management of croup relies upon the traditional clinical skills of observation and examination. Parental involvement is essential and the appropriate reassurance of the patient is important. Endotracheal intubation is required only in a small percentage of children whose airway is compromised to such a degree as to produce fatigue and/or near occlusion.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

Comparison by race of total serum IgG, IgA, and IgM with CD4+ T-cell counts in North American persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

European patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection have been reported to have lower titers of anti-p24 antibody than Central African HIV seropositive patients. Recently, black HIV positive patients in the United States were reported to be more likely to have detectable anti-p24 antibodies, less p24 antigenemia, and higher combined serum immunoglobulins than white HIV positive patients. We measured individual total serum immunoglobulins in 853 HIV positive patients (94% male; 58% white and 42% black) on their initial medical evaluation and compared them with CD4+ T-cell counts. Blacks had notably higher IgG levels (p = 0.001) across the entire spectrum of CD4+ T-cell counts. Serum IgM levels were slightly higher in blacks. IgA levels were not significantly different between the races, although the trend (p = 0.006) was toward higher levels in whites. We also measured these three serum immunoglobulins in 60 HIV seronegative, healthy blood donors (30 black and 30 white). In this control group, blacks had statistically higher IgG and IgA levels than whites. A review of the literature prior to the HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome epidemic also supports the view that racial differences in IgG levels are not specific for HIV infection. We speculate that racial differences in humoral immunity, independent of geography or strain of HIV, may account for differences in anti-HIV antibody levels and HIV antigenemia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of cyclic fatty acid monomers isolated from heated fats.

The analysis of hydrogenated cyclic fatty acid monomers isolated from heated linseed and sunflower oils is achieved by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of their pentafluorobenzyl esters. Collisionally activated dissociation of the carboxylate anions produced by electron-capture ionization shows remote charge-site fragmentation that allows location of cyclopentane and cyclohexane rings by examining the resulting mass-analysed ion kinetic energy spectra. Oxidative ozonolysis of the methyl esters of the unsaturated cyclic fatty acid monomers allows location of some double bonds. However, preliminary results obtained with remote charge fragmentation of synthetic unsaturated models make this approach an alternative for double bond location in the cyclic fatty acid monomers isolated from heated fats.

Cyclopentanes↗
PubMed1991

Psychological frailness and strength in an AIDS-affected community: a study of seropositive gay men and voluntary caregivers.

Addressed both the psychological frailness and strength in an AIDS-affected community. The gay community in Sydney, Australia, was represented by men who were seropositive (n = 60) and voluntary caregivers (n = 60). They were compared with two samples of men outside the gay community, who were ill with non-AIDS-related medical conditions (n = 30), and well (n = 30). Their psychological frailness and strength were measured by content analysis scales. Both the seropositive men and the caregivers showed the frailness of anxiety, indirectly expressed anger and helplessness, but also the compensating strength of greater personal competence and good feeling relative to the other men. The men who were seropositive or had other illnesses showed the predicted frailness of anxiety and depression but neither indirectly expressed anger nor helplessness. The seropositive men and caregivers of the gay community differed from each other only in the high levels of depression of the former.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography of bile salt conjugates: application to pig bile.

The high-performance liquid chromatographic separation and quantitation of conjugated bile salts from pig bile is reported. Synthetic standards and bile samples were chromatographed on a C18 reversed phase column using acetonitrile/water/tetrabutyl ammonium phosphate as an isocratic mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Detection of the ion-pairs was at 214 nm. The method permits efficient separation of all conjugated pig biliary bile salts without prior modification or treatment of the samples. Analysis of 12 pig biles showed that 85% of the bile salts are conjugated to glycine. The three main conjugated bile salts were glyco-3 alpha,6 alpha,7 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid (GHC), glyco-3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid (GCDC), and glyco-3 alpha,6 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid (GHDC). Glyco-3 alpha-hydroxy-6-oxo-5 beta-cholanoic acid (G3 alpha 6oxo), tauro-3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid (TCDC), tauro-3 alpha,6 alpha,7 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid (THC), and tauro-3 alpha,6 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid (THDC) were found to contribute each for 4 to 5% to the total. An excellent correlation was found between the sum of conjugated bile salts quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and values obtained by conventional enzymatic assay. Simplicity, efficiency and relative rapidity of the method render it suitable for routine analyses.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The effect of ricin B chain on the intracellular trafficking of an A chain immunotoxin.

Covalent linkage of the A chain of ricin to the LICR-LOND-Fib75 monoclonal antibody produced an immunotoxin, Fib75-SS-ricin A, which demonstrated immunospecific toxicity to human bladder carcinoma cells in tissue culture (Forrester et al., 1984). The present studies have shown that ricin B chain potentiates the toxicity of the immunotoxin by two orders of magnitude and also significantly increases the rate of protein synthesis inhibition. Using immunoelectron microscopy, the receptor-mediated endocytosis and intracellular routing of the immunotoxin was studied with and without ricin B chain treatment after immunolocalisation of the conjugate. Fib75-SS-ricin A was internalised by the EJ cells predominantly in uncoated pits and vesicles and directed to the endosomes. Some degradation of the complex appeared to take place in multivesicular endosomes at early timepoints and 24 h after internalisation, most of the immunotoxin was found in lysosomes. Some ricin A chain epitopes were detected in Golgi vesicles. Cells treated with immunotoxin and ricin B chain endocytosed the complex predominantly in coated pits and coated vesicles. Using pre-embedding immunoperoxidase techniques, ricin chains were found in the whole Golgi complex and most of the conjugate escaped lysosomal degradation. Internalised immunotoxin was recycled back to the plasma membrane in an active form associated with vesicles which appeared to be derived predominantly from multivesicular endosomes. A similar mode of recycling has recently been reported (McIntosh et al., 1990) for ricin holotoxin in the same cell line. These observations may explain the potentiating effect of toxin B chains in the antibody-directed targeting of toxin A chains.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Assessment and treatment of childhood asthma.

In June 1990 a meeting of Paediatric Respiratory Physicians was held near Adelaide. The guidelines for assessing and treating asthma as prepared by the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand for the management of patients with asthma was considered. Although not explicitly stated, these guidelines were designed for adult asthmatics. There was complete agreement that a companion statement was needed to take into account differences between the management of children and adults. This document fulfils that role. Further recommendations are found in a statement prepared by Australian and New Zealand respiratory paediatricians following a workshop in June 1989. This present statement should be read in association with the previous documents.

Asthma↗
PubMed1991

Survival after neonatal myocardial infarction.

These are case reports of two children with structurally normal hearts and with normal coronary arteries, who survived myocardial infarction in the early neonatal period. They are only the third and fourth reported survivors of neonatal myocardial infarction and the first in which hypercholesterolemia is postulated to have played an important role. The most likely cause of the myocardial infarction was thrombosis or thromboembolism. Changes in hemostatic function associated with hypercholesterolemia may be relevant.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1990

Diurnal cardiovascular patterns in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats.

This study was designed to determine whether diurnal patterns of blood pressure, heart rate, or locomotor activity differed among two substrains of Wistar-Kyoto rats, derived originally from Charles River or Taconic Farms stock, or the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Cardiovascular parameters were continuously monitored over 24 hours. Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were statistically different among the three groups both during the lights-on (rest) and lights-off (active) phases of the cycle with blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats greater than that of Wistar-Kyoto rats from Taconic Farms, which was greater than that of Wistar-Kyoto rats from Charles River. The largest difference in arterial pressure between Wistar-Kyoto/Taconic Farms and Wistar-Kyoto/Charles River was during the lights-on period. Heart rates of all rats decreased during the lights-on period; Wistar-Kyoto/Charles River had the largest decrease (-70 +/- 5 beats/min), Wistar-Kyoto/Taconic Farms had the least (-17 +/- 2 beats/min), and in spontaneously hypertensive rats the decrease was intermediate (-29 +/- 3 beats/min). The pronounced diurnal variation in pressure and heart rate exhibited by Wistar-Kyoto/Charles River was not present in either Wistar-Kyoto/Taconic Farms or spontaneously hypertensive rats. Blood pressure magnitude correlated with locomotor activity during both periods, although all groups showed minimal activity during the rest period. Observed differences between Wistar-Kyoto/Charles River and Wistar-Kyoto/Taconic Farms were not due to a lack of or an abnormality in baroreceptor reflex function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The emotional reactions of HIV antibody positive men.

This study was concerned with the emotional reaction of men who are HIV antibody positive, and with whether their expression of enjoyment is better viewed as the result of rigid defending or flexible coping. A sample of these men was matched with samples of patients with other major illnesses and well controls. Enjoyment was found to be more frequently expressed in the two ill samples, as were anxiety, depression and helplessness. The HIV antibody positive patients expressed more anger, and yet more competence, than the other patients. These patterns of emotional reaction proved to be modified by different levels of enjoyment in a manner more indicative of coping than defending, because depressive emotions appeared to be reduced when some enjoyment of life was apparent. The implications of these findings for health professionals working with people who are HIV antibody positive are discussed.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1989

A summary of 7q interstitial deletions and exclusion mapping of the gene for beta-glucuronidase.

Three patients are described with different phenotypes and differing de novo interstitial deletions of the long arm of a chromosome 7. The first patient has a deletion with loss of the proximal 7q11.23 band. Only three other cases have been reported with this particular deletion. Our second case shows mild dysmorphism similar to the other four patients reported with deletion of bands 7q21.12----21.3. Our third patient has a deletion of the 7q22.1----32.2 segment and has many of the phenotypic features of the other reported cases of del 7q22----32. GUSB, the gene for beta-glucuronidase, has been localised to the 7cen----q22 region. Analysis of beta-glucuronidase levels in blood leucocytes of our patients has helped more precisely to assign this gene locus to 7q21.11 or 7q22.1.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

Necrotizing fasciitis in a renal transplant patient.

We have described a 28-year-old diabetic woman who had necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum three years after receiving a living related renal transplant. The diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis was made early and she was referred to a tertiary care center where she received radical perineal debridement and aggressive medical and surgical follow-up. Necrotizing fasciitis in a transplant patient is rare; review of the literature shows few cases and no survivors. Our patient has returned to a normal life despite continuation of all immunosuppressive therapy throughout the entire hospital course. In addition, she had a good cosmetic result despite the large necrotic perineal infection. Her survival can be attributed to early diagnosis and referral, immediate and extensive debridement, and aggressive protein replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Assay of chorionic gonadotrophin, follicle-stimulating hormone and alpha-fetoprotein in the efferent blood in germinal tumors of the testis].

Assays of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and alpha-foetoprotein were performed in peripheral blood and spermatic vein in 73 cases of testicular germ cell tumors. This study showed that the detection sensitivity of hCG is up to 40 times higher in the efferent blood of the tumor than in peripheral blood and that the drop in FSH concentrations often precedes a trophoblastic transformation. These results are of particular interest in the search for a minor trophoblastic or embryonic component. As a result, we propose a new strategy leading to a more efficient diagnosis and an adequate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Assay of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection].

A sensitive and specific method for the determination of plasma S-DHA by gas chromatography (GC), with fused silica capillary column (stationary phase SE 54) and electron capture, after solvolysis of the sample and purification by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is described. The interest of the new internal standard (5 alpha androst-9(11)-ene-3 beta ol-17-one) for the determination of the DHA by GC is shown. The analytical characteristics of this method as well as a comparative study of the values obtained by this method and by radioimmuno-assay are described.

Chromatography, Gas↗