Radioimmunoassay of angiotensin II in rat plasma.
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Angiotensin II↗
Biomedical subjects
R Hepp
Publications and source records attributed to R Hepp.
Effect of long-term treatment with high doses of guanethidine on sperm transport and fertility of rats.
1. Male rats treated with guanethidine 25 mg/kg daily for eight weeks had no demonstrable ejaculatory function immediately after cessation of treatment. Four weeks later, ejaculatory function had returned in two-thirds of the males, and after eight weeks, all males were able to deposit sperm in the vagina. However, fertility had returned at that time in only two of the nine males. On the basis of these findings it might be expected that fertility would return in the other males after a more prolonged observation period.2. At autopsy, 66 days after cessation of treatment, the vasa deferentia were congested and filled with viscous material, and along their course dilated regions and pseudocysts containing sperm debris and spermatozoa were found.3. The isolated ducts of the guanethidine-treated males showed a markedly increased response to noradrenaline if compared with ducts from control rats. Response to tyramine was similar in both treated and untreated rats. In view of the increased response to noradrenaline it may be concluded that the noradrenaline stores, which are sensitive to tyramine, were still reduced 66 days after guanethidine treatment had been stopped.
Animals↗
The hypophysis controls expression of SNAP-25 and other SNAREs in the adrenal gland.
SNAP-25 (Synaptosomal Associated Protein of 25 kDa), in association with two other SNARE (soluble NSF attachment protein receptor) proteins, syntaxin and Vesicle Associated Membrane Protein, VAMP, is implicated in regulated and constitutive exocytosis in neurones and neuroendocrine cells. Our previous studies have shown that it is expressed more by noradrenergic than adrenergic chromaffin cells in the rat adrenal gland. Since certain hormones under hypophyseal control play an essential role in determining chromaffin cell phenotype, the present study examined the effect of hypophysectomy on SNAP-25 expression. Hypophysectomy was found by immunoblotting and RT-PCR analysis to increase adrenal gland SNAP-25, syntaxin-1 and VAMP-2 levels, without modifying the relative expression of SNAP-25 isoforms: immunocytochemistry showed a dramatic increase in SNAP-25 expression in former adrenergic chromaffin cells. Since adrenal glucocorticoids are considerably reduced by hypophysectomy, the effect of corticosterone replacement therapy was investigated. This did not change levels of SNAP-25, syntaxin-1 or VAMP-2. SNARE expression was also unmodified in pheochromocytoma cells treated with a synthetic glucocorticoid. In contrast, subcutaneous injection of hypophysectomized rats with thyroid hormone decreased adrenal SNAP-25, demonstrating the potential importance of the pituitary-thyroid axis. The current data thus demonstrate that the hypophysis exerts an inhibitory control on adrenal gland SNARE proteins. They suggest that glucocorticoids are unlikely to be directly responsible for this but provide evidence that thyroid hormones are implicated in this phenomenon. The putative role of hormonal regulation on SNARE function is discussed.
Adrenal Medulla↗
[Joint infections following intra-articular injections].
The results of treatment after joint infections caused by articular injection or puncture, were examined in 198 patients. The state of arthrosis and the range of joint motion were chosen as objective criteria; the patient's personal opinion was also assessed. The duration of hospital stay--average 12.8 weeks--was longer in conservative treatment than in patients who received operative therapy. When patients were operated early during their hospitalisation, they had better radiological results and postoperative range of motion. However, in patients who received early operative treatment due to severe infections, range of postoperative motion was most restricted. The importance of limited indications and thorough information of the patient must be stressed considering 15 deaths during therapy.
Adolescent↗