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Biomedical subjects

R Herold

Publications and source records attributed to R Herold.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Further evidence for a role of arachidonic acid in glucocorticoid teratogenic action in the palate.

Arachidonic acid produces a significant reversal of the production of cleft palate by cortisone in the offspring of sensitive strains of mice in vivo. Arachidonic acid in nanogram per milliliter concentrations also produces a significant reversal of the cortisol inhibition of the programmed cell death of the medial edge epithelium of palatal shelves in vitro. This corrective action of arachidonic acid in vitro is significantly blocked by indomethacin at a nanogram per milliliter concentration which selectively inhibits the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and/or thromboxanes at the level of cyclooxygenase. These results support the hypothesis that the inhibition of arachidonic acid release and subsequent prostaglandin and/or thromboxane production by glucocorticoids is involved in the teratogenic action of glucocorticoids and demonstrate that one site of this action is the inhibition of epithelial loss.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Hemodynamic effects of inotropes during hypothermia and rapid rewarming.

The hemodynamic effects of propranolol, lidocaine, and dopamine were studied in anesthetized, mechanically ventilated dogs, cooled to 25 degrees C with a venovenous shunt through a heat exchanger. After 1 h at 25 degrees C, the shunt was converted to an arteriovenous shunt which remained functional until the study was completed. Before rewarming, the authors treated each group of 8 dogs with intravenous doses of the drugs: group 1: 10 ml saline as control; group 2: propranolol 0.3 mg/kg; group 3: 50 mg lidocaine initially, followed with continuous infusion of 40-50 microgram/kg.min; group 4: dopamine infusion at 12 microgram/kg.min; and group 5: lidocaine as in group 3 and dopamine as in group 4. For the dopamine-treated groups, 2 min of infusion was allowed; in all other groups, 5 min elapsed after injection before the hemodynamic data were recorded. The hemodynamic data were collected at esophageal temperatures of 25, 30, and 37 degrees C. The findings were: (1) hypothermia impaired cardiovascular function; (2) lidocaine and propranolol had minimal hemodynamic effects during hypothermia; lidocaine was physiologically more desirable than propranolol; (3) dopamine, alone or combined with lidocaine, reversed the cardiovascular depression from hypothermia; the improvement was equivalent to rewarming by as much as 5 degrees C; and (4) at the completion of rewarming, cardiovascular recovery was more complete with dopamine/lidocaine-treated animals compared to untreated and propranolol-treated animals. Based on these findings, these inotropes appear to be safe adjuncts to resuscitation during hypothermia.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Lidocain poisoning. 5 patients with letal (2 patients) and reversible course].

A report is presented on two cases of lethal intoxication with lidocain. One death occurred after paracervical anesthesia for legal abortion and the other after accidental oral administration. In three instances intoxication occurred during intensive care for ventricular arrhythmia. Immediate therapy in these cases led to rapid and complete recovery. The clinical signs of lidocain, intoxication are discussed and appropriate treatment for prevention of lethal complications is outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Immunofluorescent evidence for the similarity of amelogenins in calf, mouse and pig teeth.

Antiserum was prepared to fetal bovine enamel matrix and was used to localize the amelogenins in developing bovine molars by immunofluorescent microscopy. Amelogenins could be identified to preameloblasts, secretory ameloblasts, stratum intermedium cells, and the newly deposited enamel matrix. Mature enamel matrix did not fluoresce except in a thin line along the DEJ and adjacent to the ameloblasts. Immature enamel matrix of murine and porcine teeth fluoresced when treated with antiserum to bovine enamel matrix. No other portions of tooth buds or other tissues reacted with the specific antiserum.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quality management within the competence network of paediatric oncology and haematology].

The competence network paediatric oncology and haematology aims at improving the structure of paediatric oncology and haematology as a whole focussing in particular on the quality of clinical trials and study centres. This implicates the following measures: (1) Employment of research and trial assistants in order to improve the quality of documentation and study management in the participating hospitals. (2) Building up of an Internet portal to provide medical information for non-professionals, for patients and their families as well as for health professionals. (3) The project "Study Assistance" supports study centers during the process of writing and examining new treatment protocols so that they are in compliance with the Good Clinical Practice criteria, formal criteria and statutory provisions. It presently works on a structural standardisation of study protocols and case record forms in order to improve their usability. In addition, the working group "Quality Assurance in GPOH Study Centres" is engaged in developing a quality management system for study centers.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Concepts of the Society of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology (GPOH) and the German Competence Network in Paediatric Oncology and Haematology for the quality controlled development in paediatric oncology].

For more than 30 years Paediatric Oncology has striven to achieve an optimum of care for children with cancer everywhere. The consistency of diagnostic procedures and treatment within successive therapy studies has yielded high cure rates. Meanwhile the focus has moved to placing the quality control of diagnostics and treatment into the hands of experts in the field, accommodating new requirements of the health care system. We report on the already realised and the future concepts and methods employed in improving the quality in institutions and studies with the support of the German Competence Network in Paediatric Oncology and Haematology (Kompetenznetz Padiatrische Onkologie und Hamatologie, KPOH). The issue of per-patient flat rate funding is raised, and structural requirements to be fulfilled by Centers of Paediatric Oncology are presented and discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The "quality house pediatric oncology" as an instrument for improving the performance of the trial centers].

The project group "Central Trial Support" of the German Competence Network Pediatric Oncology and Haematology supports the members of the Society of Pediatric Oncology and Haematology in their effort to cope with the growing statutory, ethical and administrative requirements for therapy optimization studies (investigator-initiated, non-profit clinical trials). By these quality improvement measures the studies will become more revisable and reliable, but at the same time their processing will become more and more complex. The basic instrument of the project group "Central Trial Support" will be the so-called "Quality House" which has been built up in order to improve the performance of the associated study centres and to help put a systematic quality management system into practice. The "Quality House Pediatric Oncology" comprises detailed descriptions of the activities of all trial center co-workers. Its process map details all operational sequences which constitute an efficiently performing trial center. The so-called value adding processes are explained step by step, and the associated specific tasks are assigned to each respective co-worker. At each process step, the person in charge will have explanatory descriptions at her/his disposal and - if necessary - further problem solving means as well as references to possible optimization measures (e. g. Standard Operating Procedures and other documents). The German Competence Network Pediatric Oncology and Haematology will be implementing this electronic quality management system in trial centers which will convince both sponsors and authorities of the compliance with requirements and standards.

Child↗