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Biomedical subjects

R Higashi

Publications and source records attributed to R Higashi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the lung; report of a case].

We experienced a case of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the lung. The patient was 50-year-old woman. She had been pointed out a lung abnormal shadow on chest X-ray. A lung biopsy by a bronchofiberscope failed to diagnose, and an open lung biopsy under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) offered diagnosis as a MALT lymphoma. We performed the tumor resection (a upper-middle lobectomy of the right lung with hilar and mediastinal lymph node dissection under VATS). The post-operative course of the patient was uneventful and she has been free from the disease until now. MALT lymphoma has been a comparatively rare disease, but once the curative resection is performed the prognosis of the disease is good.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2000

Cerebellar hemorrhage after coil embolization for a ruptured vertebral dissecting aneurysm.

BACKGROUND: We present a case of ruptured vertebral dissecting aneurysm that exhibited cerebellar hemorrhage after successful embolization of the vertebral artery including the dissected site. CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old man suffered a sudden onset of severe occipital headache when he looked up. Computed tomography demonstrated subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography revealed a right vertebral dissecting aneurysm distal to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Endovascular embolization of the aneurysm was performed with preservation of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. The next day, the patient suffered a cerebellar hemorrhage in the vermis. The intracranial pressure was controlled by external ventricular drainage. The patient was discharged with mild cerebellar ataxia and bilateral abducens nerve palsy. CONCLUSION: In a case of vertebral dissecting aneurysm distal to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, blood circulation in the vertebral arterial system may change after embolization of the aneurysm. In our case, the preserved posterior inferior cerebellar artery might have been hemodynamically stressed postoperatively, resulting in cerebellar hemorrhage. Therefore, strict control of blood pressure is essential in the acute stage after occlusion of the aneurysm.

Aneurysm, Ruptured↗
PubMed1999

[Use of an expandable metallic stent in 4 patients with superior vena syndrome].

Recently developed expandable metallic stents have been adopted to superior vena cava syndrome with good results. We inserted stents into the superior vena cava in 4 patients with superior vena cava syndrome. The results were comfortable and no complications. We should consider the stenting as the first choice for superior vena cava syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A case of video-assisted thoracic surgery for congenital esophago-bronchial fistula].

A 42-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because barium esophagograpm showed an esophago-bronchial fistula with an esophageal deverticulum. He has had frequent episodes of cough at drinking water since childhood. A chest CT scan showed mild inflammatory change and bronchiectasis in the right S6. Division of the fistula by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed. There was no evidence of inflammation and adherent lymph nodes around the fistula. This case was diagnosed as a congenital esophago-bronchial fistula by operative findings and clinical course. The fistula was dissected easily and divided by an auto-suturing instrument. The affected lung could be preserved. The patient was discharged on the 10th postoperative day. VATS is an effective treatment for the patients of congenital esophago-bronchial fistula (Braimbrige type I and II), if they are not accompanied with pulmonary abscess or pleural empyema.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Thymic teratoma].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

Ultrastructure of the perineurial cell of the sciatic nerve in rats--a transmission and scanning electron microscopic study.

The perineurial cells of the sciatic nerve of mature albino rats were investigated by using light microscope (LM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The perineurium of the sciatic nerve was composed of several lamellae of thin perineurial cells which were held together by the zonula occludens and also by the zonula adherens. The TEM view of the perineurium revealed that the plasmalemma of the perineurial cells presented numerous caveolae similar to those described in the endothelial cells of blood capillaries. By SEM, the perineurial cells were very thin, flattened out with various shapes from rectangular to hexagonal, and arranged closely to each other in the fashion of a stone pavement around the nerve fascicles. It was possible to isolate the perineurium from the nerve and to demonstrate the cellular border of the perineurial cells by silver impregnation method. The SEM observation of the perineurial cells ascertained the figure of the cells which were seen in the silver-impregnated specimen under LM. The present authors have interest in the fact that shape and arrangement of the perineurial cells of spinal nerves resemble closely those of the myoid cells in the limiting lamina of the seminiferous tubules of the mammalian testes. The meaning and significance of the similarity between these two types of cells was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case of ruptured distal arch aneurysm associated with postoperative unilateral respiratory disorders].

This paper describes a patient with ruptured distal arch aneurysm associated with postoperative unilateral respiratory disorders whose life was able to be saved by surgery. The patient was a 68-year old male who underwent emergency surgery due to sealed rupture of distal arch aneurysm while preparing for selective surgery. Artificial graft replacement of the distal arch was carried out under centrifugal pump bypass. Respiration was controlled using differential lung ventilation (DLV) techniques. This was done because weaning from the respirator was difficult due to decreases in lung-thorax compliance on the opened chest side after surgery. Weaning from the respirator was achieved on the 10th day of illness after surgery. Postoperative prognosis of ruptured thoracic aneurysm is extremely poor, with high mortality being attributable to the fact that most patients are elderly and the incidence of respiratory and cardiovascular complications is very high. In addition, problems are often encountered in postoperative respiration management in patients with thoracic aneurysm who need open chest surgery. DLV seems to be a useful support in such patients who have underlying respiratory disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Anomalous caudal vena cava passing through the vertebral canal in a calf.

A 15-day-old female Holstein-Friesian calf with an anomalous caudal vena cava was examined macroscopically, roentgenologically, and histologically. The calf, weighing 43 kg, had severe scoliosis. A common renal vein merged into a single venous trunk formed by the union of the left and right common iliac veins. The trunk entered the vertebral canal through the left intervertebral foramen formed by the last (13th) thoracic and the first lumbar vertebrae. The trunk continued along the ventral side of the narrowing spinal cord inside the canal, and then ran out the left intervertebral foramen formed by the 8th and 9th thoracic vertebrae and emptied via the right azygos vein into the cranial vena cava. In contrast, the hepatic vein passed through the foramen vena cava independently of the trunk and entered the right atrium directly. The pathogenesis of the present anomaly may be explained as follows: The right subcardinal vein, failing to make connection with the liver, shunted directly into the right azygos vein derived from the right supracardinal vein. The body axis began to curve before ossification of the vertebrae occurred. Consequently, the developing right supracardinal vein, located close to the spinal cord, is thought to have become enclosed in the vertebrae with the spinal cord during the early fetal stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[An operative case of benign schwannoma originating in the intrathoracic vagal nerve].

A 50-years-old man was admitted with cough and abnormal shadow on the chest film. The tumor originated from the left vagal nerve in the antero-superior mediastinum. Subcapsular extirpation was performed to save the nerve function, since the tumor located in the site proximal to the branching point of the recurrence nerve. Pathological diagnosis was a benign schwannoma. Though H-E and Bodian stain did not show any nerve fibers in the schwannoma, postoperative hoarseness arose. In this country, 4 cases of subcapsular extirpation have been performed, but all of them had postoperative hoarseness. We think that postoperative hoarseness cannot be prevented by the subcapsular extirpation.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Scanning electron microscopic study of periendothelial cells of the rat cerebral vessels revealed by a combined method of corrosion casting and KOH digestion.

A combined method of corrosion casting and KOH digestion was used for the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation of the external walls of the blood vessels running on the surface and in the parenchyma of the rat cerebral cortex. The plastic resin which was preliminarily injected into the cerebral vessels reinforced the preservation of the vessel walls during the chemical digestion. Using the present method, the walls of blood vessels running on the surface and in the parenchyma of the cerebral cortex were clearly seen with SEM. The arterioles showed a rich arrangement of smooth muscle cells embracing the external surface of the endothelia, and the venules had sparse, flat smooth muscle cells. The capillaries were surrounded by many pericytes which were extremely similar to those seen in the other organs of the animals. There were observed two different kinds of pericyte. One type of the pericytes in the present specimens extended very long cytoplasmic processes parallel to the long axis of the capillaries. Another type of the pericytes had relatively short, broad and flat cytoplasmic processes radiated to embrace the capillary walls. The former was frequently seen in the capillaries on brain surface and in the parenchyma, whereas the latter was relatively rare. The availability of the present method was also discussed in comparison with the previous descriptions.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Scanning electron microscopic observations of the ependymal cell and the subependymal layer of the third brain ventricle in the rat.

This investigation was undertaken to clarify the three dimensional ultrastructure of the subependymal layer in relation with the ependymal cell layer in rat brain using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The subependymal layer existing below the ependyma of the third ventricle in the brain of mature albino rats was examined with S E M. The hypothalamus freshly excised after median sagittal section was treated by collagenase with or without trypsin for a short while to remove the ependymal cells at the ventricular wall. After the enzymatic pretreatment of the specimen, many ependymal cells were removed and the subependymal layer was partially exposed. Most of the ciliated ependymal cells remaining at the ventricular wall extended long, single basal processes which then penetrated into the subependymal layer. The subependymal layer was composed of a delicate framework of thin processes of glial cells, ependymal cells and, in addition nerve cells. Scattered among the neuropil just beneath the ependymal cell layer, there were relatively small, globular subependymal cells. Occasionally, there were large bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibres in the subependymal layer. The individual nerve fibres distinctly showed many axonal varicosities within the fibres. Intermingled with the nerve fibres, glial processes of various forms were present. The structure of the ependymal cells and the subependymal layer was compared with the findings already reported in the studies using light and transmission electron microscope.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Filipin-sterol complexes in golden hamster sperm membranes with special reference to epididymal maturation.

The distribution of membrane filipin-sterol complexes (FSCs) was qualitatively surveyed on freeze-fracture replicas of spermatozoa from the male reproductive tract and ejaculates of golden hamster. In the head, the acrosomal plasma membrane showed the strongest filipin labeling on the principal segment, but it was absent in the "quilt-like pattern" areas. These latter were observed in both caput and corpus epididymal spermatozoa, but were absent in mature spermatozoa. The postacrosomal plasma membrane had few FSCs and both the outer and inner acrosomal membranes were always negative to filipin. The nuclear membrane of the principal segment was constantly filipin-positive. The nuclear membrane of the postacrosomal region had more FSCs than that of the principal segment, particularly in mature spermatozoa. Many linear, "rod-like FSCs" were observed on the postacrosomal nuclear membrane of mature spermatozoa, especially in the uterine spermatozoan samples. In the neck, the plasma membrane had only a few FSCs. The redundant nuclear membrane was slightly filipin-positive, while the membrane scroll of mature spermatozoa was heavily labeled. In the tail, the plasma membrane of both the middle and principal piece was moderately labeled.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Distribution of intramembranous particles and filipin-sterol complexes in mouse sperm membranes: polyene antibiotic filipin treatment.

The distribution of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and membrane filipin-sterol complexes (FSC) was examined ultrastructurally in mouse spermatozoa from the male reproductive tract and ejaculates. IMPs were qualitatively analyzed on freeze-fracture replicas of glutaraldehyde-fixed tissue, while membrane FSC were quantitatively analyzed on replicas of filipin-treated cells. The distribution pattern of IMPs of mouse spermatozoa was fundamentally similar to that of other mammalian spermatozoa. 1) In the head, the plasma membrane had a heterogeneous population density, e.g., few IMPs on the acrosomal region, particularly few on the marginal segment, and somewhat regularly arranged IMPs on the postacrosomal region. The acrosomal membrane had many IMPs in hexagonal arrays. The nuclear membrane had many IMPs on the P-face, few IMPs on the variegated E-face, and an intense population density on the P-face of the basal plate. 2) In the neck, the plasma membrane had many IMPs with square arrangements of small IMPs in some areas on the P-face; the redundant nuclear membrane had a few IMPs on both P- and E-faces. 3) In the tail, the plasma membrane had diagonal rows of IMPs in some areas amongst larger IMPs on the middle piece, while it had "zippers" composed of IMPs running parallel to the axis on the principal piece. The distribution of sperm membrane FSC may be summarized as follows: 1) In the head, the acrosomal plasma membrane, which was heavily labeled with filipin, had much more FSC in the equatorial segment than in the marginal segment throughout the study. The postacrosomal plasma membrane generally had no FSC, but some sperm in ejaculates were slightly positive to filipin. The acrosomal membranes (both outer and inner) had no FSC. The nuclear membrane in the main part of the head had less FSC in vas deferens and ejaculated sperm than in the epididymal sperm. The nuclear membrane on the basal plate had no FSC. 2) In the neck, the plasma membrane had little FSC. The redundant nuclear envelope had scattered FSC with a higher incidence in the epididymal sperm than in those from the vas deferens and ejaculates. The membrane scroll, which was elongated from the extreme caudal end of the redundant nuclear envelope, had abundant FSC in the vas deferens and ejaculated sperm. 3) The tail plasma membrane (both middle and principal piece), which was weakly labeled with filipin, had less FSC in sperm from the vas deferens and ejaculates than in those from the epididymis. The limiting membrane covering the mitochondria had no FSC.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1985

Alterations in tight junctions of human endometrial epithelial cells during normal menstrual cycle--freeze-fracture electron microscopic study.

The structural change in the tight junction between human endometrial epithelial cells during the normal menstrual cycle was observed by means of freeze-fracture replica electron microscopy. Tight junctions between epithelial cells of the endometrial basal layer showed no alterations in structure during the menstrual cycle, while those between epithelial cells of the functional layer exhibited remarkable changes synchronized with the menstrual cycle; in the early proliferative phase, the tight junctions were composed of strands running mainly parallel to the luminal surface and the depth of the junctions from the luminal surface was 0.57 +/- 0.04 micron (Mean +/- S.E.), whereas in the late proliferative phase the junction formed a prominent network of strands 0.80 +/- 0.04 micron deep. In the early secretory phase, the junctions developed mostly as a complex network, and the depth was 0.96 +/- 0.04 micron. In the late secretory phase, the network consisting of the junctions looked disorderly and the depth of the junctions was reduced to 0.71 +/- 0.04 micron. As a conclusion, it was suggested that the tight junction in the human endometrial epithelium tended to develop or diminish according to the phase of the menstrual cycle.

Endometrium↗
PubMed1983

Quantitative analysis of zonulae occludentes between oviductal epithelial cells at diestrous and estrous stages in the mouse: freeze-fracture study.

The zonulae occludentes between oviductal epithelial cells were quantitatively analyzed at diestrous and estrous stages in the mouse, using the freeze-fracture technique. Zonulae occludentes were predominantly anastomosing at the diestrous stage, while they were predominantly parallel at the estrous stage. The lowest mean value of junctional strands comprising the zonulae occludentes was 5.3 +/- 1.6. Parallel-type zonulae occludentes had more strands than the anastomosing type. Secretory cells usually had more strands than ciliated cells. The shallowest mean depth occupied by junctional domain was 0.51 +/- 0.20 micron. The depth was usually somewhat greater in anastomosing-type zonulae occludentes than in the parallel type. It was also slightly greater in ciliated cells than in secretory cells. The depth was likely to be greater at diestrous stage than at the estrous stage. However, neither the number of strands nor the depth was significantly different between diestrous and estrous stages in homologous types of zonulae occludentes. On the basis of these results, the zonulae occludentes in oviductal epithelium are considered to be morphologically of a tight type at any time period throughout the estrous cycle. The results of lanthanum tracer experiments suggest that the zonulae occludentes in the oviductal epithelium do not always function as a barrier to the exogenous tracer. These morphological phenomena are discussed in relation to mouse fertilization in vivo.

Animals↗