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Biomedical subjects

R Holub

Publications and source records attributed to R Holub.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Fixed-dose single administration of Pegfilgrastim vs daily Filgrastim in patients with haematological malignancies undergoing autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

Infectious complications are frequent events in patients undergoing high-dose cytotoxic chemotherapy with subsequent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). To evaluate whether a single subcutaneous injection of pegfilgrastim (6 mg) is as safe and effective as daily filgrastim (5 mug/kg/day), 60 consecutive autologous stem cell transplantations performed for various haematological malignancies have been analysed. In total, 24 patients undergoing 30 consecutive PBSCT received a single subcutaneous injection of 6 mg pegfilgrastim on day 5 after transplantation and were compared retrospectively with 30 patients receiving 5 mug/kg/day of filgrastim starting from day 7 post transplantation. The mean duration of grade 4 neutropenia in the pegfilgrastim and filgrastim groups was 8.3 and 9.5 days, respectively (P=0.047). The results of the two groups were not significantly different for incidence of febrile neutropenia and toxicity profile. However, duration of febrile neutropenia (1.6 vs 3.0 days) and total days of fever (1.73 vs 4.1) were different (P=0.017 and 0.003, respectively), favouring the pegfilgrastim arm. Consequently, a higher incidence of transplants with documented infectious complications associated with the filgrastim group could be observed (56 vs 26%) (P=0.02). A single injection of pegfilgrastim administered at day 5 post transplant shows comparable safety and efficacy profiles to daily injections of filgrastim.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

20-year experience with operations for popliteal artery aneurysm.

At the 2nd Department of Surgery, St. Anne's University hospital Brno, a total of 76 operations for popliteal artery aneurysm were performed in 67 patients in the last 20 years, in period 1985-2004. 63 operations were elective and 13 urgent. For reconstruction, autologous saphenous vein was used in 53 cases, vascular prosthesis in 15 cases, and a cryopreserved vein allograft in 3 cases. In 5 cases, amputation for advanced lower limb ischaemia was performed without arterial reconstruction. Elective operation is indicated in all patients with popliteal artery aneurysm, and it is associated with a relatively low risk for the patient. In fact, it is a preventive operation. In the acute stage, there is a higher risk of complications and (potential) amputation (Fig. 1, Ref. 8).

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed2003

Multiple sclerosis characteristics in African American patients in the New York State Multiple Sclerosis Consortium.

The objective of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) in African American (AA) patients in the New York State Multiple Sclerosis Consortium (NYSMSC) patient registry. The NYSMSC is a group of 18 MS centers throughout New York State organized to prospectively assess clinical characteristics of MS patients. AAs comprise 6% (329) of the total NYSMSC registrants (5602). Demographics, disease course, therapy, and socioeconomic status were compared in AA registrants versus nonAfrican Americans (NAA). There was an increased female preponderance and a significantly younger age at diagnosis in the AA group. AA patients were more likely to have greater disability with increased disease duration. No differences were seen in types of MS and use of disease modifying therapies. Our findings suggest a racial influence in MS. Further genetic studies that consider race differences are warranted to elucidate mechanisms of disease susceptibility.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Distal crural bypass as a limb salvage procedure--case report].

The authors present a case of a patient with a progredient moist gangrene of the right foot. In this patient, amputation of the lower limb was indicated because of an unfavourable angiographic finding, after unsuccessful conservative treatment. With regard to the fact, that the patient had undergone amputation of the other lower limb in the crus, revision of the posterior tibial artery was decided. Preoperative angiography did not confirm the previous unfavourable angiographic finding. After the implantation of a distal crural venous bypass (posterior tibial artery--supramalleolar part), healing of the extremity occurred in a relatively short time period. The authors agree with the opinion that distal crural and pedal bypasses cannot be always indicated on the basis of routinely performed angiography. Revision of crural arteries and possible preoperative angiography can change the situation and lead to the salvage of the limb.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Overall and regional lung function in dogs exposed acutely to ozone.

Regional distribution of ventilation and overall function of the lungs were compared in anesthetized, paralyzed, mechanically ventilated dogs exposed to ozone. Three animals were exposed at each concentration (0,0.13,0.22, and 0.45 ppm ozone) for 3 hr. There were no significant changes in pulmonary flow resistance, dynamic compliance, or flow rates derived from maximum forced expiratory maneuvers. The distribution of inspired gas was determined using air containing 13N and a positron camera to follow wash-in in each of 80 or more regions of the lung. The mean wash-in time (T) and its standard deviation did not change in sham-treated dogs, but T increased by 40 to 100% in exposed animals. Dogs showing increases in T also had increased frequency dependence of compliance (correlation significant at P less than 0.05). The changes in 13N wash-in reflected less uniform distribution of ventilation, with the greatest disparity occurring between central and marginal regions. Altered regional mechanical function, in the absence of overall changes, suggested that the initial effect of ozone was on the small airways. The measurement may be a sensitive indicator of acute irritation in the lung periphery.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cellular response to basic protein and T suppressor cells in multiple sclerosis.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and two control groups, patients with neurologic diseases other than MS and healthy individuals, were examined for their cellular response to basic protein (BP), suppressor cell activity elicited by concanavalin A (ConA) and enumeration of T gamma cells. Lymphocytes from patients with active and chronic progressive MS showed the highest blastogenic stimulation in response to BP, the lowest ConA-induced suppression and the lowest absolute and relative number of T gamma cells. Lymphocytes from patients with nonactive or slowly progressive MS showed BP blastogenic stimulation similar to or slightly higher than that of the control groups. The ConA suppressor activity and the absolute and relative number of T gamma cells in the nonactive MS group were within normal ranges. The results indicate that although hypersensitivity to BP may be accompanied by deficient immunoregulatory activity, there is no pattern in the sequence of events. In addition, in some instances, changes in the immunoregulatory cells occurred with little or no effect on the cellular response to the neural antigen.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗