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Biomedical subjects

R Honda

Publications and source records attributed to R Honda.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical study of combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, ifosfamide, 5-FU (CIF therapy) of inoperable adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma of the lung].

Forty seven patients with inoperable adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a combination of cisplatin (25 mg/m2), ifosfamide (1.5 g/m2), 5-FU (1.0 g/m2 c.i.) on day 1 through 4. The overall response rate (PR) was 34.8% with 16 partial responses. The median duration of response was 81 days. The median duration to show 50% decrease was 27 days. The median survival time was 359 days for all evaluable patients and 555 days for responders versus 196 days for non-responders. The side effects were mild and tolerable. The response rate of CIF therapy was same as the one reported in recent years but the survival time for responders was long and side effects were mild, suggesting that CIF therapy is an effective chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Cisplatin, ifosfamide and vindesine in the chemotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung].

Thirty-one patients with inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a combination of cis-platin (CDDP, 100 mg/m2 day 1), ifosfamide (IFX, 2 g/m2 day 1, 2, 3; with mesna) and vindesine (VDS, 3 mg/m2 day 1). The overall response rate (PR) was 71.0% with 22 partial responses. The median duration of response was 180 days. The median duration to show 50% decrease was 29 days. Myelosuppression and renal toxicity were severe. We concluded that the CIV regimen against squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was more effective yet more toxic than the other regimen containing CDDP and that candidates for this therapy must be carefully chosen.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

The difference in murine CDC2 kinase activity between cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions during the cell cycle.

The mouse analog of yeast CDC2+ kinase was detected in the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of cultured mouse FM3A cells. Its activity in the nuclear fraction increased in the G2/M phase became seven times higher than that in the G1/S phase, while the activity in the cytoplasmic fraction remained was almost constant from the G1/S to G1 phases. The activity in the cytoplasmic fraction was similar to that in the nuclear fraction in the G2/M phase. The amount of the enzyme remained almost constant during the cell cycle in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions. These findings suggest that the cytoplasmic enzyme might play an independent role in the cell cycle.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Serum vitamin D metabolites in cadmium-exposed persons with renal damage.

Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D], and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1 alpha,25(OH)2D] were measured in ten cadmium (Cd)-exposed subjects and five non exposed subjects. The Cd-exposed subjects were divided into two groups according to serum 1 alpha,25(OH)2D levels. No significant differences for 25(OH)D were found between the Cd-exposed group with low or normal serum 1 alpha,25(OH)2D and the non exposed group. The concentrations of 24,25(OH)2D were the lowest in the Cd-exposed group with low serum 1 alpha,25(OH)2D, highest in the non exposed group, and significantly lower in the Cd-exposed group with normal serum 1 alpha,25(OH)2D than in the non exposed group. Renal function was much worse in the Cd-exposed group with low serum 1 alpha,25(OH)2D than in the group with normal serum 1 alpha,25(OH)2D. These findings indicate that Cd initially disturbs hydroxylation from 25(OH)D to 24,25(OH)2D and then disturbs hydroxylation from 25(OH)D to 1 alpha,25(OH)2D. The decrease of serum 24,25(OH)2D and 1 alpha,25(OH)2D in Cd-exposed subjects is not due to a decrease of the serum 25(OH)D level.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1990

Cisplatin, ifosfamide and vindesine in the chemotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer: a combination phase II study.

A total of 47 patients with unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer were treated with a regimen consisting of cisplatin (CDDP, 100 mg/m2), ifosfamide (IFX, 2 g/m2 x 3; with mesna) and vindesine (VDS, 3 mg/m2) (CIV). This regimen was given over a 3- or 5-week period. Among 40 completely evaluable patients, 19 partial responses (PRs) were observed, for a response rate of 47.5% (78.6% in squamous-cell carcinoma and 30.1% in adeno- and large-cell carcinoma); no complete responses (CRs) were obtained. The hematologic toxicity was not severe, but the renal toxicity was rather high; two patients developed acute renal failure and died of subsequent pancytopenia and sepsis. We concluded that the CIV regimen was more effective, especially against squamous-cell carcinoma, but more toxic than the combination of CDDP and VDS for non-small-cell lung cancer and that candidates for this therapy must be carefully chosen.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of metallothioneinuria among the population living in the Kakehashi River basin in Japan--an epidemiological study.

An epidemiological study to evaluate cadmium-induced renal dysfunction by urinary metallothionein levels was carried out in an environmentally-exposed Japanese population. The study population consisted of 3168 men and women from a cadmium-polluted area who were 50 years and older and 291 individuals from a non-polluted area. The mean metallothionein levels in urine of the control population were 138.2 +/- 2.1 and 198.6 +/- 1.9 microgram/g creatinine for men and women, respectively. The corresponding values for the cadmium-exposed population were 157.8 +/- 2.2 and 248.0 +/- 2.2. The 97.5% upper limits for men in the control population was determined to be 638 and for women 693 microgram MT/g creatinine. Based on these values as the cut-off levels, the prevalence of metallothioneinuria was calculated to be 4.6% in men and 8.4% in women from the cadmium-polluted area. Further selection of the population, based on life-time residence in the polluted area accompanied with the consumption of cadmium-containing rice, showed an even greater prevalence of metallothioneinuria: 5.4% in men and 10.9% in women of all ages. The prevalence of metallothioneinuria increased with age and duration of residence in the polluted area. These results suggest that metallothioneinuria can be used as an indicator of renal dysfunction due to environmental cadmium exposure.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

The association between renal dysfunction and osteopenia in environmental cadmium-exposed subjects.

Two hundred and three cadmium (Cd)-exposed subjects with renal dysfunction and 80 non-exposed subjects were examined to reveal the relationship between Cd-induced renal dysfunction and osteopenia. As biological indicators of renal function, urinary beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-mg), and serum creatinine, calcium, and phosphorus were selected. Cd in the urine and blood was also measured. The results indicated that significant differences exist between both sexes in Cd-exposed as well as nonexposed subjects. To evaluate the degree of osteopenia, a microdensitometrical (MD) method was used. The relationships between biological parameters and each index of the MD method were analyzed using multivariate analysis. Age, urinary beta 2-mg, and serum creatinine were significantly associated with indices of osteopenia in Cd-exposed men. In contrast, age showed the most significant association with MD indices in women of both groups. However, urinary beta 2-mg was significantly associated with MD indices only in Cd-exposed women. In Cd-exposed subjects, after the number of predictor variables was increased, urinary beta 2-mg was also strongly associated with osteopenia. These results suggest a causal relationship between renal dysfunction and osteopenia in Cd-exposed subjects.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Changes of lymphocyte subpopulations and natural killer cells in mice sensitized with Toxoplasma lysate antigen before and after Babesia infection.

When 8-week-old BALB/c mice were sensitized with two intramuscular injections of Toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA) at 2 week interval, the numbers of sIg(+), Thy-1,2(+), Lyt-1,2(+) Lyt-2,2(+), and Asialo GM1(ASGM1)(+) cells in the spleen, liver and peripheral blood increased by 2 to 4 times over those found in unsensitized mice of the same age. When TLA-sensitized and unsensitized mice were infected with Babesia, 4 of 10 (40%) of the TLA-sensitized mice survived infection, while none of the unsensitized control mice lived longer than 14 days after Babesia infection. By contrast, sensitization of nude mice with TLA had no effect on survival, and mice did not live more than 12 days. The number of thymic Thy-1,2(+) cells decreased in TLA-sensitized and unsensitized BALB/c mice by almost 80% within 10 days after infection (AI). During the same time, the numbers of B cells, T cells, and NK cells increased in the spleen, liver and peripheral blood of both sensitized and unsensitized mice. Especially notable were increases in numbers of Lyt-2,2(+) cells in the spleen and blood and increases in numbers of NK cells in the spleen, liver and blood in both TLA-sensitized and unsensitized mice. When spleen cells from TLA-sensitized and unsensitized mice were cultured in the presence or absence of TLA for 6 days, assays for cytotoxicity using NK-insensitive P-815 target cells and NK-sensitive YAC-1 target cells demonstrated higher rates of cytotoxicity in cultures of TLA-sensitized spleen cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Relationship between serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and blood pressure in middle-aged male and female non-drinkers.

Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) activity is a biological parameter for alcohol consumption. In our previous study, however, serum gamma-GTP levels seemed to correlate with blood pressure levels in both middle-aged male non-drinkers and drinkers. Therefore, the associations between gamma-GTP and BP were analysed more minutely in 385 male and 1126 female non-drinkers. The means of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) pressure in the males were significantly higher than those in the females, despite similar age and body mass index (BMI). The sex difference of BP disappeared after adjustment for serum gamma-GTP levels. The correlations between gamma-GTP and BP and the contributions of three variables, age, BMI, and gamma-GTP, to BP levels found in the non-drinkers in the present study were similar to those observed in the previous study on males including drinkers. These results suggest that common or possibly similar mechanisms which relate to the elevation of serum gamma-GTP activity are involved in the production of high BP both in non-drinking obese persons and in drinkers.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A combination phase II study of adriamycin, CDDP and etoposide in small cell lung cancer].

A combination phase II study was performed on 31 patients with previously untreated small-cell lung cancer (19 LD & 12 ED). Patients were treated intravenously with Adriamycin (30 mg/m2 day 1), CDDP (80 mg/m2 day 1) and Etoposide (70 mg/m2 x 3 day 1, 3, 5). This combination chemotherapy was administered over a four- or five-week period. Among 26 evaluable patients there were 4 CR and 17 PR, giving a response rate of 80.8% (68.4% in LD). The median duration of response was 19 (3-123) weeks. Despite the relatively low response rate and CR rate, the median survival times of LD and ED patients were 17.0 (3.1-43.1) and 9.4 (4.4-17.7) months, respectively. The major toxic effect of this regimen was bone marrow suppression. Two patients were excluded from this study in the first course because of severe hematologic toxicity. The renal toxicity of this regimen was minimal and no patients developed any clinical problem. Nausea and vomiting during the treatment were well controlled by high-dose metoclopramide and methylprednisolone. In conclusion, this combination of chemotherapy is effective for patients with small cell lung cancer. However, the advantage of adding Adriamycin to CDDP and Etoposide is still controversial.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Dose-response relationship between urinary cadmium and beta 2-microglobulin in a Japanese environmentally cadmium exposed population.

This study was carried out to test the dose-response relationship between urinary cadmium (Cd) and beta 2-microglobulin(beta 2-mg) and also to estimate the biological threshold value of urinary Cd concentration in inhabitants exposed to environmental Cd. Urinary Cd and beta 2-mg were measured in 3178 inhabitants over 50 years of age in the Cd-polluted Kakehashi River basin in Japan and 294 inhabitants in non-polluted areas. Urinary Cd and beta 2-mg were significantly higher in the Cd-exposed subjects than in the non-exposed subjects. Prevalence rates of beta 2-microglobulinuria(beta 2-mg-uria) increased proportionally with increasing urinary Cd concentrations and probit linear regression lines could be calculated between them. The urinary Cd concentration corresponding to the prevalence rates of beta 2-mg-uria among non-exposed subjects was calculated using the regression line, and values of 3.8-4.0 micrograms Cd/g creatinine for men and 3.8-4.1 micrograms Cd/g creatinine for women, respectively, were obtained. These values may be of use in establishing the biological threshold of urinary Cd concentration in environmentally Cd-exposed populations.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Osteopenia in inhabitants with renal dysfunction induced by exposure to environmental cadmium.

Bone density was measured in 28 women with itai-itai disease, 92 men and 114 women with cadmium-induced renal dysfunctions and 44 men and 66 women living in the three different non-polluted areas using a microdensitometer. The values of both indices corresponding to cortical width and bone mineral content were significantly lower in itai-itai disease patients than the cadmium-exposed women with renal dysfunctions and the non-exposed subjects. The cadmium-exposed women also showed a decrease in bone density compared with the non-exposed subjects. A significant decrease in bone density was also observed between cadmium-exposed men and the non-exposed subjects, although the difference was not as clear as in the women. The present study indicates that exposure to cadmium could cause marked osteopenia, particularly in the women.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A dose-response analysis of cadmium in the general environment with special reference to total cadmium intake limit.

An epidemiological study on the dose-response relationship of cadmium was performed on 1850 Cd-exposed and 294 nonexposed inhabitants of the Kakehashi River basin in Ishikawa Prefecture. beta 2-microglobulinuria was used as an index of the effect of cadmium on health and the average cadmium concentration in locally produced rice was employed as an indicator of cadmium exposure. Cadmium exposure was found to affect health in a dose-related manner when the subjects were classified according to the average cadmium concentration in their village rice and their length of residence in the polluted area. Based on the available data, the total cadmium intake that produced an adverse effect on health was calculated as approximately 2000 mg for both men and women.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical application of third generation extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor (TRIPTER X-1) to upper urinary tract stones].

Clinical trials of the third generation extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor (TRIPTER X-1) on 30 patients with upper urinary tract calculi were performed from May to July, 1988. Eighteen patients (60%) were free from stones and 5 (16.7%) had stone fragments less than 5 mm, the effective rate of treatment which is sum of both group being 76.7 per cent, at one month after the treatment. The effective rate was 72.7 per cent for stones in the kidney and 87.5 per cent for those in the upper ureter. And the effective rate as to stone size was 100, 66.7 and 71.4 per cent, in stones less than 1 cm, 1 cm to less than 2 cm and 2 to 2.5 cm, respectively. Although gross hematuria skin ecchymosis, pain and fever were observed as side effects, none was serious enough to be mentioned. And post operative changes in blood chemistry were mild and transient. We confirmed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy using this machine for upper urinary tract stones is an effective treatment without any serious side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Relationship between serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity, blood pressure and alcohol consumption.

The associations among alcohol consumption, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) activity in serum and blood pressure (BP) were analysed in a cross-sectional study of 1,156 healthy male workers 35 to 59 years of age, consisting of 349 non-drinkers, 682 light-daily drinkers (consuming less than 58 ml of alcohol per day) and 125 heavy-daily drinkers consuming more. No marked elevation of BP with high alcohol consumption was seen in the present subjects. On the other hand, a linear elevation of BP together with an increase in serum gamma-GTP activity was found in subjects above 40 years of age. The BP levels corresponding to the three different drinking habits, non-drinkers, light drinkers and heavy drinkers, were similar to each other regarding gamma-GTP levels. The relationship between gamma-GTP and BP was shown, by multiple regression analysis, to be independent of age, obesity and the dose of alcohol consumed. The contribution to the rise in BP of the dose of alcohol consumed, in comparison with that of gamma-GTP, was negligible. Serum gamma-GTP activity is a useful indicator of the susceptibility to the pressor effect of alcohol.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Leukocytosis and low serum IgA in workers exposed to the epoxy compound, t-methyl-3-phenylglycidate.

Forty-nine out of 54 male workers engaged in the production of an epoxy compound, t-methyl-3-phenylglycidate, showed skin symptoms in varying degrees that may be due to the skin-irritative effect of the compound. The exposed workers were also shown to have subjective symptoms which may be related to the irritative property of the compound on surface tissue. Laboratory examinations on the blood obtained from the exposed workers showed significantly higher values of leukocyte concentration as compared with the non-exposed controls. This was chiefly caused by the increase of neutrophilic granulocytes and T-cell lymphocytes. Serum IgA levels of the exposed workers were shown to be significantly lower than those of the control group. Hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and red cell count of the exposed workers remained at the same level as those of the control subjects. Liver or kidney damage was not found in biochemical analyses on the sera of exposed workers.

Adult↗