Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Houin.
Leishmania major, agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, has been isolated from the rodent Meriones shawi shawi in central Tunisia. As a result, the North saharan arid mediterranean area can be considered as epidemiologically homogeneous.
The musk rat is a natural intermediate host of Echinococcus multilocularis in the Territoire de Belfort (East France). Its role in a selvatic cycle is discussed. When hunted, it can transmit the parasite to man, through dog infection.
An experimental model of human alveolar echinococcosis was developed, using intrahepatic injection of E. multilocularis larvae in mice differing by their sensitivity to this parasite; it seems to be suitable for studying the relationship between cell-mediated immunity and a) growth of the parasite, b) development of fibrosis.
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One of 400 A. terrestris trapped in the east of France (Jura and Alpes), contained a hepatic hydatid characteristic of the species E. multilocularis. 1 296 other Rodents, belonging to 11 species had been previously screened unsuccessfully. This positive result and the close resemblance between the distribution of the human cases of the disease and the areas of maximum proliferation of A. terrestris suggests that this species can play an important role in the persistence and geographic localisation of the zoonose.
The study of specific salivary anti-candida immunoglobulins during chronic candidiasis of the oral mucosa demonstrates the existence of a local parotid immunity reaction, the total IgA level is not altered.
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Occasioning in Guadeloupe a high rate of morbidity, schistosomiasis is unequally spread in the field. The intermediate host, Biomphalaria glabrata, is wide-spread. But some biotopes only, most of them located on the coast belt of the montainous island, allow the parasite growth. Among them, the irrigation canals appear as the most dangerous source of contamination for human population.