Nucleic acid deficiency in the prothanic homozygous mutant of creeper fowl.
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Biomedical subjects
R I Clyman
Publications and source records attributed to R I Clyman.
Evaluation of alprostadil (prostaglandin E1) in the management of congenital heart disease in infancy.
Prostaglandins have been shown to relax the smooth muscle of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus in utero. This physiologic action has been applied to the management of newborn infants with certain types of congenital malformations. Infants with lesions producing right ventricular outflow obstruction have a compromised pulmonary circulation and require a patent ductus arteriosus for adequate pulmonary blood flow. Infusion of alprostadil (PGE1) dilates the ductus, increases pulmonary blood flow, and thereby improves oxygenation. Likewise, infants with aortic arch interruption or coarctation of the aorta are dependent on an open ductus to maintain lower body perfusion. Alprostadil is of great benefit in this situation as well. The side effects of alprostadil include peripheral vasodilation and hypotension and, most importantly, apnea. Hyperpyrexia and jitteriness may also occur. Side effects occur only in about 20% of infants and usually are easily reversed. The benefits therefore greatly outweigh the risks, but careful monitoring is essential.
Alprostadil↗
An alpha 1/beta 1-like integrin receptor on rat aortic smooth muscle cells mediates adhesion to laminin and collagen types I and IV.
Extracellular matrix receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells may enable the cells to migrate through both interstitial and basement membrane matrices during vascular remodelling after injury. Rat aortic smooth muscle cells attach to surfaces coated with fibronectin, laminin, and collagen types I and IV. Members of the beta 1 family of integrin receptors appear to mediate attachment to these extracellular matrix components. We used a monoclonal antibody, 3A3, to identify a 185/120 kD, alpha 1/beta 1-like, heterodimeric integrin receptor that mediates rat aortic smooth muscle cell adhesion to collagen types I and IV as well as to laminin. This receptor appears to be the only beta 1 integrin receptor mediating adhesion to type IV collagen. On the other hand, the smooth muscle cells have several other beta 1 integrin receptors in addition to the 185/120 kD receptor that bind to laminin- and to collagen type I-Sepharose affinity columns. By using 3A3 to inhibit only the 185/120 kD receptor, we suggest that these other receptors also can be used by rat aortic smooth muscle cells to attach to laminin and collagen type I.
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