Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R I Kaiumov.
An estimation of the patient's state and the prognosis can be made at the postoperative period on the basis of results of the assessment of complement activity, blood cell hemolysate activity, filtration of serum and urine. Of the greatest clinical significance for the estimation of the patient's state is complement activity and toxicity of urine.
Interactions between the complement with a low activity and the lipopolysacharide (LPS) with an extensive concentration range were experimentally investigated in vitro. A model was suggested that provides an explanation to the concentration-related dependence. The complement and LPS were shown, under certain conditions, to form the membrane-attacking complexes, which are not bound with the bacterium membrane and which can lyse any cells. Damages made by the above complexes to endothelial cells of the vessels could result in the onset of the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The results can be used to develop a method applicable to evaluating a concentration of endotoxin and to creating anti-tumor drugs.
A test system consisting of a short-term suspension culture of mobile cells (bovine semen) is suggested for evaluating the complement activity. A simple and effective rapid method for evaluating the complement activity is based on the use of this system. Clinical application of this method helps evaluate the disease severity and predict the patient's condition in various diseases.
Analysis of the results of evaluation of the complement activity, toxicity of the urine, low molecular weight fraction of the blood, and blood cell hemolysis confirmed the suggested simplified model of endotoxicosis and showed that evaluation of the complement activity and urine toxicity is sufficient for tentative laboratory diagnosis of endotoxicosis. Proceeding from these data it is possible to evaluate the patient's status and predict the disease outcome. Laboratory diagnosis is made using a biological test system and toxicity analyzer.
The article deals with a new method for determining the degree of intoxication in patients with peritonitis of various etiology. Bull sperm cells were used as the test-object. The degree of intoxication is judged according to the ratio of the mean life time of the spermatozoa in the studied filtrate, obtained from the blood serum of patients with peritonitis by filtration through polysulfone membranes with a pass band of up to 70,000 daltons, to the life time in a control glucose-nitrate solution. The authors called this ratio as the spermatic index of toxicity. It was 80.1 +/- 18.7% in the donors. The spermatic index of toxicity was 35.0 +/- 9.0% in the first day after the operation, 44.6 +/- 16.7% on the fifth day, and 70.8 +/- 27.7% before discharge from the hospital. The method is automatic, which excludes subjective a appraisal of the results, and may be suggested for use in clinical practice.
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The possibility of quantitative prognosis of chemical compounds and complex mixtures toxicity by means of a biotechnical system with suspension of bull spermatozoa sensor was investigated. The concentration of some chemical compounds, inhibiting by half spermatozoa motility has been experimentally determined. A correlation between the values determined and acute toxicity of the compounds tested has been established. The possible use of the biotechnical system for the screening of medical polymer materials has been demonstrated.
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The system of bioengineering for determination of toxicity index with bovine spermatozoal suspension as a primary transducer was developed. The toxicity index is determined according to a change in spermatozoal suspension mobility defined with the help of an optoelectronic device. The system of bioengineering is used for determination of toxicity index of polymers for medical applications.