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Biomedical subjects

R I Vagner

Publications and source records attributed to R I Vagner.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Lung cancer and age factor].

The authors provide the results of examination and treatment of 920 young patients under 45 (group I) and 462 elderly patients aged 60-74 years (group II). It has been revealed that in the young patients, primarily affected were the distal, proximal, intermediate and main bronchi. In group I patients, the tumor was localized in the intermediate or in the main (extrapulmonary) bronchus (in 6.9 and 9.8% of cases, respectively). In the elderly patients, the analogous data accounted for 2.7 and 1%, respectively. The segmental bronchi were more often involved in the patients of group II (11.3%) than in those of group I (5.3% of the cases examined). Analysis of the forms of lung carcinoma shows that in group I patients, the tumor was more often located near the root. Thus, in the young patients, the nodular peribronchial and peripheral (connected with the bronchus gap) forms of growth have been recorded in 34.1 and 25% of the cases examined whereas in the elderly patients, only in 14 and 13.1% of the cases. It has been noted that group I patients mostly demonstrated poorly differentiated carcinoma (47.6%) rather than high-differentiated epidermoid cancer (35.8%). Meanwhile high-differentiated adenocarcinoma was seen only in 16.4% of the cases analyzed. In the elderly patients, the estimates were respectively 29.6, 59.0 and 11.2%. It should be emphasized that in young male patients, poorly differentiated carcinoma occurred 1.7 times more often that in group II patients (48.8 and 28.3%, respectively).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[RŁadiolymphography with 113mIn-chloride in the diagnosis of the lymphogenic metastases of skin melanomas].

One hundred and thirty indirect lymphoscintigraphies (74 lower and 56 upper ones) using 113mIn-chloride were performed in 121 cases of skin melanoma. Metastatic involvement of lymph nodes was characterized by either increased or decreased accumulation of the radionuclide. The overall accuracy of the procedure was 0.85 for the inguinal, 0.82--iliac and 0.75--for the axillary lymph nodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The possibility of performing an incisional biopsy in skin melanomas during pulsed laser radiation treatment].

A procedure for stage I skin melanoma treatment using pulsed laser radiation was developed and employed in 94 patients. At first, a delimiting barrier around tumor was formed with laser beam. It was followed by incision biopsy of melanoma under local anesthesia to morphologically assess level of invasion (after Clark) and thickness of tumor (according to Breslow). Finally, tumor was destroyed with laser beam. The observed rates of metastasis development and 5-year survival and duration of metastasis-free period suggest that the treatment did not provoke tumor dissemination. Moreover, the procedure offered certain advantages over other therapeutic modalities for skin melanoma employing pulsed laser radiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the metastasis of lung cancer in young patients].

Based on an investigation of micropreparations of resected lungs, findings of test thoracotomies and autopsies the authors have studied regularities of regional lung cancer metastazing in 275 patients of young age. It was shown that the intensity of regional metastazing is higher in young patients with lung cancer than in elderly patients, it grows with low-differentiated forms of tumor, nodular-peribronchial form of growth and increases in parallel with the growing size of the tumor node.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the efficacy of intensive preoperative irradiation of patients with lung cancer].

The study discusses the results of treatment in 118 radically operated lung cancer patients: surgery alone--66 and combined therapy including preoperative irradiation (4 Gy for 5 successive days, total focal dose--20 Gy)--52 cases. Radiation treatment did not significantly affect the patient's general condition, nor did it interfere with surgical procedure, increase operative blood loss or postoperative lethality. However, the postoperative complication rate was higher in the radiotherapy group (51.9 +/- 6.9%) than in the surgery alone group (39.4 +/- 6.0%) mainly due to increased incidence of cardiovascular disorders in patient older than 55 years of age suffering heart pathology. Radiation treatment assured a higher 5-year survival rate (32.0 +/- 9.2% as compared to 14.2 +/- 5.7%) in squamous-cell lung cancer. The beneficial effect of irradiation was most apparent in cases of central squamous-cell lung cancer with intact regional lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of diagnosis and treatment of various clinico-anatomical forms of lung cancer].

Among 3898 cases of primary lung cancer registered in Leningrad within 1985-1986, central cancer clearly predominated (61.9%). Central/peripheral cancer ratio was 1.6:1. The most common procedure used for treatment of central lung cancer was pneumonectomy (74.6% of cases) and lobectomy--for peripheral cancer management (85.7%). Significant differences in approach to diagnosis and surgical treatment of these pathologies were established. It seems unfeasible to increase resectability of central lung carcinoma by extending surgery. Such tumors should be diagnosed at the stage of segment involvement. However, prophylactic photo-roentgenography does not assure early detection of central lung cancer. Organization of lung cancer detection in Leningrad needs to be improved.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of central cancer of the lungs].

Data on 396 patients with central cancer of the lung admitted to the thoracal department of the Petrov Research Institute of Oncology and the City Oncological Dispensary in 1985-1986 are presented. In 94 of them (23.7%) the disease was diagnosed by prophylactic roentgenofluorography, in 302 (76.3%)--in consultation with a doctor. Operability of the patients of the first group was somewhat higher than in those of the second group. During the two years under analysis the roentgenofluorography detected central cancer of the lung in 266 patients (11%). Radical operations were performed in 48 patients (18%), while in patients consulted by doctors after the appearance of clinical symptoms of the disease, resectability made up 13.3%. Main efforts should be directed to the active detection of central cancer of the lung in patients who addressed the polyclinic for lung symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Characteristics of the therapeutic measures in lung cancer].

The paper discusses procedures used at Soviet oncological establishment for the treatment of 11,089 cases of lung cancer within 1968-1972 and 1974-1980. Stage I-II cancer was diagnosed in 24%, while stage III--in 41 and stage IV--in 35%. Radical treatment was carried out in 20%. Radiation, chemotherapy and chemoradiation treatment were most frequently used in 1974-1980 (18, 20 and 10% of patients, respectively).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Indications for preventive regional lymphadenectomy in primary melanoma of the skin of the head and neck].

The authors have conducted a retrospective analysis of results of the surgical treatment of primary melanomas of the skin in the area of head and neck in 86 patients. Five-year survival of the patients made up 53.5 +/- 5.4%. On the basis of studying the dependence of incidence of regional metastases of primary tumors on most important clinico-morphological factors the indications were developed for performing prophylactic cervical regional lymphadenectomy. The authors consider that the selective prophylactic lymphadenectomy will contribute to the improvement of long-term results of treatment of patients with primary melanomas of the skin of head and neck.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Survival of patients with lung cancer (based on data of the All-Union Center for Cancer Therapy Research)].

The report discusses the results of a sampling survey conducted by the All-Union Center for Research in Efficacy of Neoplasm Treatment. The study was based on the data on 7173 inpatients with lung cancer treated at 38 oncological establishments in the USSR in 1974-1980. Survival was evaluated versus sex, age, stage and treatment modality. Average 5-year survival was 9%, relative survival rate--10%. The scope of therapeutic effort needed to assure maximum survival for each stage was established. The available resources for stepping up the effectiveness of medical help were identified on the basis of relative survival levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Incidence of metastatic lesion of different groups of the intrathoracic lymph nodes in lung cancer (based on research data on surgical preparations)].

The study was concerned with the frequency of metastatic spread of lung cancer to intrathoracic lymph nodes versus lung lobe distribution of malignancy in 299 cases of surgical treatment. In cases of primary tumor in any lobe of both lungs, metastases were detected primarily in the pulmonary and bronchopulmonary lymph nodes. A decreasing frequency of metastases was observed from the intrapulmonary lymph nodes to those of the root of the lung and mediastinum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Current possibilities of detecting and diagnosing the early forms of lung cancer].

A long-term experience with oncopulmonary examinations points to their efficacy in detecting lung cancer, early forms included. As a result, the number of primary patients operated on for lung cancer or undergoing lung resection has grown in Leningrad for the past 17 years from 15.6 to 22% and from 13.2 to 19%, respectively. The best diagnostic results for central cancer have been obtained in application of bronchoscopy and with transcutaneous needle biopsy--for peripheral cancer. (The rate of morphological verification of cancer was over 96% for either procedure). The following patterns of early forms of central cancer of the lung have been identified: Ca in situ, microinvasive cancer, incipient invasive cancer and advanced invasive cancer.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1987

[Extent of the surgical intervention in regional metastases of melanomas of the head and neck].

A retrospective analysis of results of surgical treatment of regional metastases of melanomas of the head and neck skin in 64 patients has been made. Five year survival was 26.5%. The authors recommend to extend the typical radical cervical lymphadenectomy at the expense of removal of the subaural, mastoid and intraglandular lymph nodes depending on the localization of primary melanomas and their regional metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Indications for preventive axillary lymphadenectomy in melanoma of the skin of the upper extremity].

Based upon clinico-morphological analyses of data of 79 patients with primary melanomas of the upper extremity skin the authors have found 3 risk factors of the regional metastasing process. It was shown that in patients having these risk factors there is 50% higher probability of regional metastases of melanomas which may be taken as indications for performing prophylactic axillary lymphadenectomy in such patients.

Axilla↗