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Biomedical subjects

R Ieki

Publications and source records attributed to R Ieki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Augmented proliferation of human alveolar macrophages after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

After allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT), recipient alveolar macrophages (AM) are gradually replaced by AM of the donor origin. An influx of mononuclear phagocytes of donor origin to the lung is responsible for the repopulation, but the detailed kinetics remain unclear. We therefore studied 24 BMT recipients who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 24 to 83 days after BMT. AM cell number, size, morphology, proliferating ability, and genotype of AM were measured. Before day 50, the number and size of AM in BAL fluid were similar to those of normal nonsmokers. However, after day 50, the mean number of AM increased threefold and the mean cell size decreased due to the increase of small AM. These small cells are presumably of donor origin based on DNA fingerprinting analysis and based on fluorescence in situ hybridization for the Y chromosome in a sex-mismatched case. Immunohistochemistry and cell cycle analysis demonstrated that the increase in AM number coincided with a remarkable increase of AM expressing proliferating cell nuclear antigen, suggesting that small AM are proliferating. This is the first report representing that augmented proliferation of donor AM in situ may contribute to the reconstitution of AM population after BMT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Croup].

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Child↗
PubMed1999

[Coronavirus].

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Coronavirus↗
PubMed1999

[Rhinovirus].

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Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1998

[Detection of intrathoracic infectious lesions using In-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic bicyclic anhydride-IgG (111In-DTPA-IgG) scintigraphy].

The utility of 111In-DTPA-IgG imaging for the detection of intrathoracic lesions was evaluated in 10 patients with the suspicion of inflammatory or infectious diseases. They were intravenously administered 40 or 80 MBq of 111In-DTPA-IgG, and scanned after 24 or 48 hours. Of these, 8 cases, consisted of 4 cases with pneumonia and 2 cases with lung abscess and one case of pulmonary tuberculosis and one of a tuberculous pleuritis, showed true positive results. Others were one false negative case of pneumonia and one true negative case of lung cancer. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 88.9% and 100%, respectively. There were no cases which showed side effects or abnormal laboratory findings caused by the radiopharmaceuticals administered. Thus, 111In-DTPA-IgG imaging is a useful tool for the detection of intrathoracic infectious lesions.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1996

[A case of empyema caused by Salmonella enteritidis in a patient with sequela of pulmonary tuberculosis].

A 69-year-old male was admitted to our hospital on Jan. 10, 1995 complaining of bloody sputum, left back pain and fever of 39 degrees C. He had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis 45 years ago. His chest X-ray and CT showed the presence of air-fluid level in the left pleural cavity with thickening and calcification of the pleura. Salmonella Enteritidis was isolated from the sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and stool. He was diagnosed as suffering from Salmonella-empyema with an internal fistula. Based on the in vitro sensitivity test, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim was started. However, the efficacy of the antimicrobia was not sufficient. He then underwent left pleuropneumonectomy. Salmonella was cultured also from the specimen obtained at the operation. His course after operation was uneventful. Thus, although Salmonella Enteritidis is known as a common pathogen of food poisoning, it can cause empyema, especially in a case with an impaired host defence system.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[A case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis accompanied with Aspergillus meningitis].

A 53-year-old female was admitted to our hospital complaining of chest pain and gait disturbance. Examinations on admission showed that she was immunocompetent except the negative tuberculin test. The chest X-ray showed infiltrative shadows with old tuberculous lesions in the bilateral upper lung fields. In CT, a mass lesion was revealed in the lesion, which destructed the fifth thoracic vertebra and invaded into the epidural space. She died of meningitis on the 18th day after admission. On autopsy, it was made clear that the mass lesion was caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, and that the meningitis was the result of the invasion of the fungus into the epidural space.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of the diagnostic value of the measurement of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in patients with pulmonary aspergillosis.

The value of the measurement of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, a major and common cell wall constituent of fungi, for diagnosing pulmonary aspergillosis was assessed in comparison with that of conventional examinations. The concentrations of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in sera was elevated in 7 out of 8 patients with active aspergillosis, but not in cases without active diseases, except for one sample. Further, the concentrations well reflected the activity of the aspergillosis in each case. Regarding conventional examinations, with the immunodiffusion test it was difficult to detect the present activity of the disease. The radioallergosorbent test was useful for diagnosing bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, but not for other types of aspergillosis. The Aspergillus-specific component, galactomannan, was insensitive and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay gave highly variable results. Thus, although the assessment of the specificity of the assay is still necessary, compared with other tests, the assay of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan has the advantage of diagnosing pulmonary aspergillosis and also of assessing the disease activity.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMed1996

Rapid detection cytomegalovirus pneumonia in recipients of bone marrow transplant: evaluation and comparison of five survey methods for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

To detect cytomegalovirus-associated interstitial pneumonia (CMV-IP) in recipients of BMT in its earliest stage, five CMV methods were assessed for their usefulness using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as the test specimen. Of the 43 cases enrolled in the study, PCR was positive in 12 cases, shell vial in eight, culture in eight and cytology in three. There were no positive cases in in situ hybridization. Based on this result, the 43 cases were classified into four groups: Group 1, three cases: positive in PCR, shell vial and cytology; Group 2, five cases: positive in PCR and shell vial; Group 3, four cases: positive only in PCR; and Group 4, 31 cases: negative in all CMV tests. Cases in Group 1 were judged as having the highest risk of overt CMV-IP. They were successfully treated with a combination of ganciclovir and immunoglobulin. Group 2 was diagnosed as having active CMV infection and ganciclovir monotherapy was effective for these patients. Groups 3 and 4 were not given anti-CMV therapy, but they were free from CMV-related manifestations throughout the study. The sensitivity and specificity of each survey method for the detection of Groups 1 and 2 were 1.0 and 0.89 in PCR, 1.0 and 1.0 in shell vial, 0.88 and 1.0 in culture, and 0.38 and 1.0 in cytology. Similarly, the positive and negative predictive values were 0.67 and 1.0 in PCR, 1.0 and 1.0 in shell vial, 1.0 and 0.97 in culture, and 1.0 and 0.88 in cytology. Thus, CMV survey on bronchoalveolar fluid was thought to be useful in detecting post BMT CMV-IP in its earliest stage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[A case of primary pulmonary lymphoma associated with Sjögren syndrome and IgM monoclonal gammopathy confirmed by DNA rearrangement].

A 70-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of an abnormal shadow on his chest X-ray film, consisting of a mass containing an air bronchogram. He was also found to have a monoclonal gammopathy (IgM kappa type) and Sjögren syndrome. Open lung biopsy was performed with the suspicion of primary pulmonary lymphoma or pseudolymphoma. Southern blot analysis of the tissue revealed clonal rearrangements of immunoglobulin gene, supporting the diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma. Using conventional immunoperoxidase staining (PAP) method, the monoclonality in the tissue specimen is sometimes quite difficult to prove. Southern blot analysis, however, gives more accurate and reliable results. The analysis of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements is quite useful in determining the presence or absence of monoclonality in a specimen in cases of suspected lymphoproliferative disease such as primary pulmonary lymphoma and pseudolymphoma. We strongly recommend the use of Southern blot analysis in making the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Endotracheobronchial lidocaine concentrations during flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB).

Lidocaine concentrations in 49 endotracheobronchial aspirates ranged from 12,580 to 23 micrograms/ml. The aspirates taken from the larger airway contained higher concentrations of lidocaine than those obtained from the smaller airway. Of the aspirates collected before 10 minutes after the final lidocaine administration, the lidocaine concentration of 7 (24.1%) of 29 specimens was greater than 3,000 micrograms/ml, however, in the aspirates collected after 10 minutes, only 1 (5%) of 20 specimens showed a concentration greater than 3,000 micrograms/ml. Using the dilution technique method (DTM) of lidocaine in the fiberscope (FS) suction channel, gradual injection of a 2 ml saline solution into the suction channel and removal of the saline solution in the suction channel were performed immediately with a suction machine; the statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) between lidocaine concentrations in the specimens before and after the DTM procedure were determined.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Patient with pyruvate kinase deficiency developed acute myelogenous leukemia.

A 44-year-old previously healthy male was diagnosed as anemic and treated at a nearby hospital. A year later, he was admitted to our hospital for precise examination of the progression of refractory anemia. Blood examination showed hemolytic anemia and more detailed examination of this hemolysis revealed pyruvate kinase deficiency. The activity was 15.1% of a normal control. Pyruvate kinase activities of his family members were normal or slightly decreased. Ten months after admission to our hospital, 2% of blast cells with Auer's body in the peripheral blood were noted which increased progressively. The bone marrow contained 17.3% of blast cells with a subsequent diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia being made. Although intensive chemotherapy was performed, the patient achieved a brief remission and died 2 years after admission to our hospital.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Human granulocyte colony formation in serum-free cultures stimulated with purified recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

Granulocyte colony formation by human bone marrow cells in serum-free cultures was studied using purified recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF). The cloning efficiency of the serum-free cultures was about 80% that of the serum-containing cultures. In addition to purified G-CSF, four ingredients were found to be essential to granulocyte colony formation: bovine serum albumin (BSA), iron-saturated human transferrin, cholesterol, and L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine. Their optimal concentrations were also investigated. Insulin was not indispensable for granulocyte colony formation, but its addition did increase the number of granulocyte colonies. Hydrocortisone was found to be inhibitory to granulocyte colony formation at high concentrations.

Blood↗
PubMed1989

Endobronchial non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

A 64-year-old man with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma suffered a complete collapse of the left upper lobe of the lung. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy demonstrated a large number of distinct polypoid tumours of the lymphoma in the trachea and bilateral sub-segmental bronchi. The left upper lobe bronchus was completely occluded by the tumours, which responded to the combination chemotherapy against the lymphoma. This report presents the seventh case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with multiple endobronchial tumours.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on Pneumocystis carinii infection in nude mice.

Repeated subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) to Pneumocystis carinii (P. carinii)-infected balb/c nude (nu/nu) mice had no effects on the number of the P. carinii cysts in the lungs, despite neutrophilic infiltration in the tissues and a marked increase in blood neutrophil count. This finding indicates that neutrophils in the absence of T cells do not play an important role in the killing of P. carinii. However, survival periods of the rhG-CSF treated mice seemed to extend to some extent compared with the controls presumably because of the prevention of mixed bacterial infections.

Animals↗