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Biomedical subjects

R J Butler

Publications and source records attributed to R J Butler.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The child's construing of nocturnal enuresis: a method of inquiry and prediction of outcome.

Fifty-five children with nocturnal enuresis were engaged in a structured interview prior to treatment with the body-worn alarm. The interview sought to understand how children make sense of the experience and examines the implications for becoming dry. Successful treatment outcome was found to be associated with the child both construing bedwetting psychologically, and indicating no resistance to change. The importance of establishing the child's attitude to bedwetting prior to treatment is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The body-worn alarm in the treatment of childhood enuresis.

Two studies examined the effectiveness of the body-worn alarm in out-patient treatment of childhood nocturnal enuresis. The first involved 40 children, previously untreated by conditioning methods, treated with either the body-worn alarm or the traditional pad and bell alarm. The second study compared the body-worn alarm with modified dry-bed training with 48 children previously resistant to treatment. Results of both studies indicated the body-worn alarm was as effective as other methods in terms of the proportion of children successfully treated and was superior with respect to rapidity of response and consumer appeal. Such findings indicate that the body-worn alarm could become the treatment of choice for nocturnal enuresis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

An audit of blood component therapy in a Canadian general teaching hospital.

As part of a quality assurance program a retrospective audit of transfusion practices for packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma and albumin was undertaken with predetermined criteria in a general teaching hospital. Of 520 transfusion episodes with 1218 units of packed red blood cells given to 297 patients 88% were considered appropriate; of 106 episodes with 405 units of fresh frozen plasma given to 83 patients 90% were deemed appropriate; and of 187 episodes with 320 units of albumin given to 99 patients 64% were considered appropriate. The results of this audit, when compared with those of other surveys of blood use in a similar population, suggest that pretransfusion approval of requested components would reduce the number of inappropriate transfusions.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of two approaches to the treatment of nocturnal enuresis and the prediction of effectiveness using pre-treatment variables.

This study compared the effectiveness of the enuresis alarm alone with a brief version of Dry Bed Training in treating 74 enuretic children. Both procedures were equally effective, and in the total sample a better response to treatment was predicted by the child's report of being teased by siblings. Maternal anger was associated with a greater drop-out rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The evolution of a token economy programme for female chronic schizophrenic patients.

Token economy programmes are becoming an increasingly familiar sight in British psychiatric hospitals, yet many remain inflexible and prone to breakdown after a period in operation. This paper describes the evolution of a token economy for female chronic schizophrenic patients, where the nursing staff with minimal 'psychological' support and in dealing with a programme free of research constraints, aimed to increase the therapeutic potential of the system. The major developments arose from the need: (i) to extinguish the emergence of undesirable behaviour; (2) to develop a more individualized approach to treating patients' problems; (3) to keep consistent adequate records; (4) to re-establish contact with the community and (5) to cater for patients' varied responses to treatment.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1979

An analysis of individual treatment on a token economy for chronic schizophrenic patients.

Fifty-one individually designed treatment programmes carried out over a 22 month period on a token economy ward for 12 female chronic schizophrenic patients were analysed. Level of withdrawal was found to be a critical factor in patients' response, both in terms of the rate and extent of improvement during the treatment stage, and presence or absence of deterioration during 'weaning' and follow up. No difference in response between type of behavioural problem and methods of treatment or weaning were found.

Adult↗