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Biomedical subjects

R J Coffelt

Publications and source records attributed to R J Coffelt.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Anthropometer, a versatile design.

A portable anthropometer made completely from wood has the advantage of being easily built, and the ability to readily disassemble and reassemble it makes it convenient for transporting. Through its use the linear measurement of body and limb dimensions can be made directly from scales incised into the components. It consists of a base, a vertical column, a vertically adjustable cross arm, a vertically adjustable seat, and various other adjustable arms and pointers. Wooden pegs and wedges hold the various components in position.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Oscillations of cAMP with the cardiac cycle.

Oscillations of cAMP with the cardiac cycle were demonstrated in the rat heart using a stimulator-triggered rapid freeze-clamp to decrease the temperature of the heart from 37 degrees C to -80 degrees C in 5 msec (20,000 degrees/sec) at a predetermined phase of the cardiac cycle. The nucleotide, cAMP, oscillated 60% with the cardiac cycle during normal working conditions, the higher cAMP value occurring during systole.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A new apex-ejecting perfused rat heart preparation: relation between coronary flow and loading conditions.

The isolated perfused rat heart is an important experimental preparation for both mechanical and biochemical studies. In order to define better the relationship between coronary flow and loading conditions, a new preparation was developed in which the left ventricle ejected through the apex, while the aortic perfusion pressure could be separately controlled at a higher level than the apex afterload. Results were compared with a standard aortic perfused and ejecting preparation. All analyses were made at low calcium concentration (1.6 mmol X litre-1) for reducing cardiac performance. Coronary flow was related to perfusion pressure in the aortic ejecting preparation when the aortic afterload chamber was between 6.0 and 9.3 kPa (45 and 70 mmHg). Coronary autoregulation was demonstrable in the apex ejecting preparation irrespective of the height of the apex afterload chamber and the aortic ejecting preparation when the aortic chamber was between 11.0 and 16.0 kPa (83 and 120 mmHg). Following the addition of 10(-6) mol X litre-1 adenosine, there was significant coronary vasodilatation, and flow became pressure dependent in all cases. In the apex-ejecting preparation, with a high aortic pressure, coronary flow remained at relatively fixed level, and increases in oxygen demand were met by increasing oxygen extraction. Thus, in this preparation oxygen extraction was directly related to workload. With abrupt increases in afterload, going from 6.0 to 9.3 kPa (45 to 70 mmHg) to a higher level, there was evidence of transient hypoxia with the aortic ejecting but not the apex ejecting preparation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine↗
PubMed1983

The cardiac cycle: regulation and energy oscillations.

Cyclical changes in energy-related metabolites were observed in glucose-perfused but not pyruvate-perfused isolated working rat hearts. A chronological study of various phases of the cardiac cycle indicated maximum changes in metabolites occurred at half time to peak pressure (dF/dtmax). The high-energy phosphates ATP and phosphocreatine, as well as the glycolytic metabolites, glucose 6-phosphate and pyruvate, reached minimum values immediately prior to peak systole and maximum values during late diastole. The products of high-energy phosphate hydrolysis, ADP, inorganic phosphate, and creatine, as well as the regulator, adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, showed the phase alternate. It was necessary to study cyclical changes in a maximally stressed glucose-perfused heart because the cyclical changes were small and appeared to be the result of rate-limiting steps in glycolysis and the slow transport of NADH into the mitochondria. For stressing the heart, thereby increasing ATP utilization and augmenting cyclical changes, the afterload chamber was set at 110 mmHg, and the perfusate contained high concentrations of calcium (3.5 mM, free) and isoproterenol (5 X 10(-9) M). When correction was made for binding and compartmentation of metabolites, data indicated that the free energy of ATP hydrolysis was preserved during the contraction process by a continuous binding and recycling of ADP.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1981

A high acceleration programmable centrifuge used in purification of myocardial and skeletal muscle myosins.

Protein purification can be improved by using high acceleration - deceleraton centrifugation. This study describes a high acceleration programmable centrifuge which reaches 5,000 x g in 3 sec and brakes from 5,000 to 0 x g in 4.3 sec. This study further describes the use of this centrifuge in myosin purification and thus demonstrates that protein purification can be improved by separating particles with a high acceleration - deceleration centrifuge for the following reasons: (1) biological and chemical equilibria are immediately terminated, (2) proteolysis is reduced, (3) working time is decreased, and (4) the native state of labile proteins are better preserved. Rapid acceleration and deceleration is advantageous in reducing centrifugation time for separation of particles because it decreases diffusion time of particles and non-desirable interactions.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗